The total RNA was extracted from ginseng leaves of Panax ginseng. The Cu/Zn-SOD gene was amplified via RT-PCR and the pET-28(a)-Cu/Zn-SOD expression vector was constructed. The pET-28 (a)-Cu/Zn-SOD recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells and was induced by IPTG in order to select optimal induction of expression conditions. The target protein was purified by the nickel ions (Ni ) affinity chromatography and the target protein enzyme activity was determinated by the xanthine oxidase method. The similarity of the Cu/Zn-SOD gene sequences and the Cu/Zn-SOD gene sequences of Korean ginseng in NCBI was 99. 00%. The target protein expression level was about 44.42%, and the molecular weight was 16.30 kDa after the pET-28(a)-Cu/Zn-SOD recombinants were induced by IPTG. The purified Cu/Zn-SOD protease activity reached 10,596.69 U x mg(-1). The P. ginseng pET-28(a)-Cu/Zn-SOD prokaryotic expression vector was built by the method of molecular biology, which provided the foundation for studying the Cu/Zn-SOD biology function.
Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Panax ; enzymology ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis ; Superoxide Dismutase ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; genetics ; surgery ; Adult ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; surgery ; virology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Genes, myc ; HIV ; isolation & purification ; HIV Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, AIDS-Related ; drug therapy ; genetics ; surgery ; virology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Viral ; analysis ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; pathology ; Translocation, Genetic

A strain was isolated from internal organ of died porcine about 8 weeks with purulent pneumonia,arthritis,pyogenic arthritis and endocarditis in April 2007.Objectives of the study are to confirm the genus of the strain,pathopoiesis,and drug sensitivity.The mainly study methods:the first,the strain was identified by the phenotype and the characteristics of the biochemistry,sequence 16S rDNA genes of the strain was analyzed by molecular biology technology,finally animal experiment and drug sensitivity testing were done.The results of the phenotype and the characteristics of the biochemistry showed that it is greatly similar to Actinomyces hyovaginalis,16S rRNA sequence analysis exhibited the homology achieved to 99.2% com-pared with group III strains of Actinomyces hyovaginalis,and the phyletic evolution analysis also indicated that it has mostly relationship with group III strains of Actinomyces hyovaginalis.Animal experiment dis-covered it has highly pathogenicity to Mus musculus albus;Drug sensitivity testing showed that it is hyper-sensitive to Erycin,Gentamicin and Amikacin.So,the result of the study confirmed that the strain is Actin-omyces hyovaginalis III with the pathogenicity.

Objective To investigate the effects of antihypertension and reversing left ventricular hypertro- phy by carvedilol or bisoprolol in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.Methods 40 cases of mild to moderate essential hypertension patients were selected for this random single-blind,paralleling controlled clinical study.Results Patients were randomized to take 12.5～25mg carvedilol tablet orlce daily or bisoprolol 2.5～5mg once daily if DBP was still in the range of 12.0～14.6kPa(90～110mmHg)after 2 weeks' placebo baseline. Carvedilol group included 20 cases,bisoprolol group included 20 cases,and the course was 24 weeks.Blood pressure and heart rate were measured and symptoms and signs were recorded.At the end of placebo and in 24 weeks heart ultrasound,blood routine,serum glucose,blood lipid,hepatic function and renal function were examined.SBP,DBP and heart rate of patients in two groups decreased obviously.There were significant differences between the two groups.Ventricular hypertrophy of carvedilol group improved than that in pretherapy.There were significant differ- ences between the two groups.Conclusion Carvedilol was well-tolerated with less side effects such as mild headache,tiredness,dizziness,slightly elevating of serum glucose.Carvedilol could well treat the mild moderate essen- tial hypertension effectively and safely by 12.5～25mg once daily.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of sodium ferulate (SF), an intravenous drug made from traditional Chinese herbs, on activation of postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) and neuroprotection after transient cerebral artery occlusion in rats.

METHODSForty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 2 groups (n=23 in each group): the control group and the SF group. After anesthesia, the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was conducted with the intraluminal filament technique. The neurological deficit was assessed with the method devised by Bederson et al. The 2,3,4-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to assess the infarct volume. We adopted a modified six-point scale to conduct neurobehavioral evaluation. Immediately the activation of postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) was studied with Western blot analysis system in the cortex and striatum of rat brain.

RESULTSThe neurologic deficit score of the SF group decreased substantially compared with that of the control group (P<0.05). The infarct volume of the control group (168.1 mm3 +/- 42.2 mm3) was significantly larger than that of the SF group (61.5 mm3 +/- 28.7 mm3) at 24 hours after reperfusion (P<0.01). And the rats showed some neurological deficit. The activity of PSD-95 in the SF group at most timepoints was less than that in the control group. No upregulation of PSD-95 protein could be detected in the contralateral cortex.

CONCLUSIONSSodium ferulate can induce a neuroprotective effect against the transient focal cerebral ischemic injury and weaken the activation of PSD-95 in ischemic area after MCAO.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Infarction ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Coumaric Acids ; therapeutic use ; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo in vitro study the inhibition effect and possible mechanism of As2S3 nanoparticles (As2S3 nano) on human MDS cell line MUTZ-1 and to compare with that of traditional As2S3.

METHODMUTZ-1 cells were treated with As2S3 nano and traditional regular-sized particles (TRSP) at different concentrations. The cell growth inhibition rate was determined by MTT assay, cell apoptosis by morphology and flow cytometry (FCM), cell cycle by FCM and the activity of caspase-3 by chemiluminescence assay.

RESULTSTreatment of As2S3 nano and TRSP at concentrations of 2, 4, 8 and 16 micromol/L for 48 h could lead to a significant dose-dependent decrease of MUTZ-1 cells and induce apoptosis. The percentages of inhibition were 48.9%, 75.9%, 89.4% and 96.5% in As2S3 nano vs 14.5%, 25.4%, 34.7% and 51.5% in TRSP and apoptosis rates were (12.9 +/- 1.9)%, (19.2 +/- 2.2)%, (30.1 +/- 2.5)% and (45.9 +/- 2.3)% in As2S3 nano vs (5.3 +/- 1.8%)%, (11.1 +/- 2.6)%, (19.3 +/- 2.3)% and (25.5 +/- 2.5)% in TRSP respectively. There was statistically significant difference in these two groups (P < 0.01). The proportion of cell in G2/M phase and the activity of caspase-3 of MUTZ-1 cells treated with A2S32 nano were significantly higher than those treated with control group and As2S3 TRSP groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSAs2S3 nanoparticles and TRSP can inhibit the proliferation of MUTZ-1 cells and induce apoptosis, which maybe through activating caspase-3 pathways and increasing the proportion of G2/M phase. As2S3 nanoparticles can produce a much better antitumor effect than As2S3 TRSP do.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nanoparticles

To explore the genetic characteristics of viral quasispecies in HIV-1 CRF07_BC infections among intravenous drug users (IDU), the gp120 fragments of HIV-1 env gene were amplified from plasma samples collected from 6 CRF07_BC infected persons using single genome amplification and sequencing (SGA/ SGS) method, and 11 to 28 sequences were obtained from these samples, respectively, A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was reconstructed to describe the genetic characteristics of viral quasispecies. The Simplot, segments' phylogenetic trees and diversity plots based on average pairwise distance (APD) were used to identify the recombination events between quasispecies. The SGA sequences derived from single specimen formed a large monophyletic cluster in the neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree and showed the complex topologic structures of viral quasispecies. Of the 6 CRF07_BC infected patients, only one possessed the high genetic homogeneity, whereas the other five individuals showed high heterogeneity, with two to four subclusters inside the monophyletic cluster for each specimen. In addition, the recombinant events were identified among viral quasispecies from 3 cases. The results show SGA technique and phylogenetic analyses are useful tool to investigate the intrahost CRF07_BC gp120 complex quasispecies variation and high genetic diversity.
Adult ; Drug Users ; Female ; HIV Infections ; virology ; HIV-1 ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous ; virology ; Young Adult

AIDS caused by HIV-1, is a major threat to human being. An anti-HIV formulation from Chinese herbs, so called "Qu Du Zeng Ning", have been recently developed. In this work, the pharmacodynamics of the formulation in vitro was studied. The results showed that Qu Du Zeng Ning inhibit the replication of HIV-1 efficiently in all cell-based assay, with IC50 at 105.2, 70.7, 77.4 microg mL(-1), separately. A significant synergy between the formulation and zidovudine (AZT) was observed, and it also showed a potent activity against HIV-1 drug-resistant mutant.
Anti-HIV Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; virology ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Drug Synergism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; HIV Protease Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; physiology ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Scutellaria ; chemistry ; Virus Replication ; drug effects ; Zidovudine ; pharmacology

BACKGROUNDBroad-spectrum antibiotic administration promotes intestinal colonization of exogenous fungal pathogens in healthy animals and has been recognized as one of the risk factors of invasive fungal infection in clinical settings. It is unclear whether broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment would change the intestinal mycobiota without exogenous fungal challenge in the context of sepsis.

METHODSWe established a rat model of double-hit sepsis using burn injury and endotoxin challenge. Rats with burn injury or double-hit sepsis received imipenem treatment for 3 days or 9 days, and their colon contents were sampled for selective fungal culture and isolation counts.

RESULTSImipenem treatment promoted the overgrowth of the commensal fungus Geotrichum capitatum in rats with burn injury. Imipenem treatment also promoted colon colonization by exogenous fungi in rats with burn injury and double-hit sepsis, including Trichosporon cutaneum, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida glabrata. A longer duration of imipenem treatment had a stronger impact on colon colonization by exogenous fungi.

CONCLUSIONImipenem treatment facilitates the overgrowth of commensal fungi and colonization by exogenous, potentially pathogenic fungi in the colons of rats with burn injury or double-hit sepsis.

Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Burns ; complications ; microbiology ; Candida ; pathogenicity ; Colon ; microbiology ; Imipenem ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sepsis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Trichosporon ; pathogenicity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of dopamine and norepinephrine on the renal function in the patients with septic shock.

METHODSEighty-seven patients with septic shock were divided into three groups (group A, B, C) according to the biggest infusing rate of norepinephrine, with the infusing rate of 0.5 - 0.9, 1.0 - 1.5, 1.6 - 2.0 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), urine output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), urine albumin (U-ALB) and urine beta(2)-microglobulin (Ubeta(2)-MG) as well as APACHE III score in all the patients were detected.

RESULTSBefore anti-shock therapy was given, hypotension, tachycardia and oliguria occurred in all the 87 patients, and CRE, BUN, U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG and APACHE III score were abnormal in most cases. With the anti-shock therapy, MAP, HR, urine output and BUN, CRE in all patients returned to normal levels gradually, and U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG levels and APACHE III score also restored but still remained abnormal.

CONCLUSIONSThe first aim of treating septic shock should be restoring the organ blood supply, and based on volume resuscitation, dopamine, noradrenaline and other vasoactive drugs could be combined to maintain circulatory stability.

APACHE ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Transfusion ; Cardiotonic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dopamine ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine ; administration & dosage ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Septic ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; administration & dosage