Objective The aim of this study was designed to investigate the changes of macrophages and activated microglias in white matter damage (WMD) in premature infants and effects of allopurinol. Methods An animal model for WMD was established by bilateral carotid artery occulation (BCAO). Forty-two newborn SD rats (1 day old) were divided randomly into 3 groups: sham surgery group (Sham), BCAO group (BCAO) and allopurinol treated group (ALLO). Pathological changes were studied 7 days and 14 days after BCAO, respectively. Macrophages and activated microglias were detected by immunohistochemistry 7 days and 14 days after BCAO, respectively. Results In BCAO group, Ten cases had mild or severe rarefaction in the corpus callosum area, especially at the cingulum. Pathological changes of white matter were found in 4 cases in internal capsule. Eight cases had subcortex white matter rarefaction. The extent of white matter rarefaction in ALLO group was reduced significantly. Enlargement of bilateral ventricles was found in 6 of 8 cases in BCAO group. Compared to BCAD group [(3.27±0.73)%] the average ventricle size was reduced significantly in ALLO group [(2.44±0.71)%] (P<0.05). ED1 positive cells were found in corpus callosum,hippocampus, and internal capsule in all groups. BCAO group had more ED1 positive cells than the other two groups, and the staining extent in BCAO group was stronger than that in the other two groups. Conclusions BCAO could be used in newborn rats (1 day old) to establish a premature WMD animal model. Macrophages and microglias may play an important role in premature WMD. ALLO may have a potential protective effect on premature SD rat with ischemic WMD.

The viability and life span of pollen were evaluated by TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazlium chloride) and the peroxidase solution, the stigma receptivity were estimated by benzidine-H2O2 method and the fruiting characteristics were investigated. The results showed that (1) Anoectochilus roxburghii and A. formosanus appeared the same up-and-down trend of the pollen viability, increased and then decreased. The storage temperature and storage time had significant impact on the pollen viability. With the extension of storage time, the pollen activity decreased. 4 degrees C refrigerator storage may be extended the pollen vitality. (2) The stigma had receptivity in 1st day and reached the highest level in the 4th day after blooming. A. roxburghii lost receptivity in the 8th day while A. formosanus lost receptivity in the 10th day after blooming. (3) The different pollination had significant impact on seed setting rate. The seed setting rate of artificial cross-pollination was higher than that of the artificial self-pollination. Collecting pollen in the 3rd day and carrying out artificial cross-pollination in the 4th day after blooming can significantly improve seed setting rate. The results provided technical assurance for A. roxburghii and A. formosanus breeding of new varieties and seed breeding.
Cell Survival ; China ; Flowers ; physiology ; Fruit ; growth & development ; Orchidaceae ; growth & development ; physiology ; Pollen ; growth & development ; Reproduction ; Temperature

Objective To obtain highly expressing cell lines by inserting the glutamine synthetase (GS) screening system and replacing the promoter of the vector.Methods The mutation of the point BamHⅠwas induced to build a new vector pIRES2-EGFP.The marker gene GS was inserted by AseⅠ and NheⅠ, and the promoter hCMV was replaced by PacⅠand NheⅠ.The new vector pHGS1.0 and the vector pIRES2-enhanced screen fluorescein protein( EGFP)-B were inserted by the recombinant protein TEM8 ( 1-227 )-VEGFR1 domain2-IgG2 ( TV-IgG2 ) gene to analyze the advantages of the expression.Results The glutamine synsthetase is successfully inserted, the human cytomegalovirus replaced, and recombinant protein is increased 5-fold by human immunoglobulin quantification kit.Conclusion The GS system is a highly protein expressing system.

Objective To discuss the method,safety and effect of malignant pancreas tumor treated by CT guided percutaneous embedding of~(125)I. Methods 32 cases of malignant pancreas tumor with CT scan and contrast enhancement were retrospectively analysed.All the cases had been confirmed pathologically be- fore CT guided therapy.The number of~(125)I particle was 12～46,The distance between particles was 0.～1.2 cm. The number of puncture point was 1～2.The number of puncture direction was 2-5 times.Results Regarding 32 cases for 1 month,the size of the tumor reduced in 11 cases,no change in 20 cases,and increased in 1 case.As for 31 cases for 2 months,the size reduced in 16 cases,no change in 13 cases,and enlarged in 3 cases.Regarding 30 cases for 3 months,the size reduced in 18 cases,no change in 11 cases,and increased in 3 cases. Regarding 28 cases for 6 months, he size reduced in 10 cases, no change in 5 cases, and in- creased in 13 cases.Regarding 22 cases for 1 year,12 cases had been done the second therapy,the size of the tumor reduced in 16 cases,no change in 3 cases,and increased in 3 cases.Conclusion The size of pancreas tumors were reduced obviously,the symptoms were relieved after the treatment.The method turned out to be safe and accurate.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of posterior monosegmental pedicle screw fixation in selective treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures.

METHODSFrom June 2005 to June 2008, 28 patients (male 17 and female 11, the age was 19- 60-years-old with an average of 36 years) with thoracolumbar fractures were treated with posterior monosegmental pedicle screw fixation in our department. According to the AO classification, 19 patients with type A1 fracture and 9 with type A2. The place of pedicle screw and reduction of injured vertebral body were observed.

RESULTSPostoperative CT scan showed 56 pedicle screws were all placed in the normal part of injured vertebral body. There was no spinal cord injury and infection after surgery. There were restoration of anterior body compression from mean preoperative (42.0 +/- 5.6)% to (12.4 +/- 1.4)% (P<0.05), and restoration of Cobb angle from mean preoperative (25.8 +/- 5.1) degrees to postoperative (1.9 +/- 1.3) degrees (P<0.05). All the patients were followed up for 3-36 months (average in 18.3 months). All fractures achieved bone healing, without significant loss of the vertebrae body height and implant failure.

CONCLUSIONAs indication is correctly choosed, posterior monosegmental pedicle screw fixation can be applied to treat thoracolumbar vertebral fractures.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo construct an off-line hybrid bioartificial liver supporting system with human liver cell line, and study it's effect on the plasma from patients with liver failure.

METHODSWe established the bioreactor using Psu-2s (Fresenius) cultured with Hep G2 cell transfected with human augmenter of liver regeneration (hALR) gene, then constructed a hybrid bioartificial liver supporting system, at last using the bioartificial liver support system to purify the plasma treated 2 hours with serum bilirubin absorbent, separated from acute on chronic liver failure patients infected by hepatitis B virus.

RESULTSBioreactor was successful constructed. The cell viability in perigastrum of bioreactor is 85.2% and cell propagated rapidly. Before and after treating with bilirubin absorbent, serum total bilirubin was (176.19 +/- 54.14) micromol/L and (50.1 +/- 16.85) micromol/L respectively (P = 0.0002). While there were no significance difference in the level of albumin, urea and glucose. At the begin and end of treatment with bioartificial liver, serum total bilirubin was (50.10 +/- 16.85) micromol/L and (30.27 +/- 15.02) micromol/L respectively (P = 0.000), the urea and albumin increased, urea has significantly difference, but the change of albumin hasn't.

CONCLUSIONThe off-line hybrid bioartificial liver supporting system with human liver cell line were builded successfully and have synthesis and metabolism functions for acute on chronic liver failure patients.

Adult ; Artifacts ; Bilirubin ; metabolism ; Bioreactors ; standards ; Chimera ; End Stage Liver Disease ; physiopathology ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; Liver ; physiology ; Liver Failure ; Liver, Artificial ; utilization ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo study the curative effect of postural reduction with instrumental reduction in treatment of flexion-distraction thoracolumbar fractures.

METHODSA retrospective study was performed on 43 patients with single thoracolumbar flexion-distraction fractures admitted from August 2009 to August 2011, included 28 males and 15 females with an average age of 44 years old (34 to 56 years old). All patients were treated with postural reduction with instrumental reduction. The kyphosis (Cobb angle) recovery of injured vertebral height and complication were analyzed. The visual analogue scale(VAS) and com-plications were followed up and recorded.

RESULTSThere was no difference in recovery of injured vertebral posterior height among preoperative, 1 week and 1 year after operation (P > 0.05). There were significantly difference in kyphosis (Cobb angle) and recovery of injured vertebral anterior height between preoperative and postoperative at 1 week (P < 0.05). There was no difference in kyphosis (Cobb angle) and recovery of injured vertebral anterior height between 1 week and 1 year after operation (P > 0.05). VAS significantly improved from preoperative (7.2 +/- 1.2) to (0.8 +/- 0.7) at 1 year after operation (t = 18.47, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONPostural reduction with instrumental reduction is effective for thoracolumbar flexion-distraction fractures and it is beneficial to the recovery of vertebral height and saggital alignment.

Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Visual Analog Scale

Objective To explore the clinical outcome of improved technique of Gamma nail in the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fracture of the elderly patients. Methods From March 2002 to October 2006.39 patients with intertrochanteric hip fracture were operated by improved technique of Gam-ma nail.There were 18 males and 21 females at average age of75.7 years(67_98 years).There were 6 patients with type A1 fracture,24 with type A2 fracture and 9 with type A3 fracture according to AO/ASIF classification.Of all.36 patients(92.3%)had osteoporosis.The operation improvements included the following points:(1)The patients were placed at the lateral decubitus position with the fractured limb on the uppermost,with flexion of knee and hip of 60°.The normal hip and knee were flexed as possible.(2)One-off indirect traction reduction was used after general anesthesia. no requirement of continuous mechanical traction.(3)C-arm image intensifier was employed to obtain normal and lateral projections.Results Of all,35 patients were followed up for a mean period of3 years and 2 months, ranging from 6 months to 5 years and 2 months.Operation data showed incision length of(4.3±1.2)cm,mean opera-tion time of(46±10)minutes,intraoperative bleeding volume of(65±26)ml and intraoperative X-ray exposure of(3.0±2.1)times.Postoperative recovery data showed survival in one-year follow up,with ambulation time of(10.5±3.6)days and fracture union time of(10.9±2.1)weeks.Mean Parker's score wag(6.9±3.2)points 6 months after operation. Conclusions Improved technique of Gamma nail can shorten operation duration,reduce operative trauma and bleeding,reduce X-ray exposure and im-prove success rate of surgery.as facilitates early pest-operative recovery and reduces the perioperative mortality rate of the elderly.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets on learning and memory capacity and expression of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory dysfunction model.

METHODThe 2-VO method was used to establish sd rat model learning and memory dysfunction induced by chronic cerebral ischemia. The 50 rats in the successfully established model were randomly divided into the model control group, the Dihydroergotoxine Mesylate tablets group (0.7 mg x kg(-1), Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets high dose (7.56 g x kg(-1)), middle dose (3.78 g x kg(-1)) and low dose (1.59 g x kg(-1)) groups and the sham operation group (n = 10) as the control group. The groups were orally given 10 ml x kg(-1) x d(-1) drugs for consecutively 90 days. On the 86th day, Morris water maze was adopted for them. On the 90th day, a leaning and memory capacity test was held. The brain tissues were fixed with 10% formaldehyde and observed for pathomorphism after routine slide preparation and staining. The expression of hippocampal Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase was detected with immunohistochemistry and image quantitative analysis.

RESULTCompared with the model group, all of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets groups showed significant decrease in the escape latency at the 5th day in the Morris water maze, and notable increase in the frequency of the first quadrant dwell, the frequency passing the escape platform and the frequency entering effective area (p < 0.05). According to the pathomorphological detection, the control group showed a significantly higher pathological score than the sham operation group (p < 0.01), the middle dose group showed a significantly lower pathological score than the model group (p < 0.05). According to the immunohistochemistical detection, the model control group showed a remarkably lower mean OD value of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase than the sham operation group (p < 0.05), high and middle dose groups showed a significantly higher mean od value than the model control group (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets can improve the learning and memory capacity, reduce pathological changes of hippocampal tissues of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory dysfunction model, and promote the expression of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in hippocampus.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; psychology ; Chronic Disease ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Humans ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tablets ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVEThe research aimed at the effects of different nitrogenous compounds on growth and nodulation of Abrus cantoniensis.

METHODAfter the seedlings of the herb were inoculated with rhizobia in potted culture, they were supplied with nutrition solutions which contained the three nitrogenous compounds, KNO3, NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4 of different nitrogen concentration. The growth and nodulation of seedlings was determined after 70 days.

RESULTDifferent nitrogenous compounds were able to enhance the vegetable growth of seedlings variously. The effect of (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 on growth was better than that of KNO3. Seedlings nodulation was obviously inhibited by these nitrogenous compounds. Their inhibitory effects ranked NH4NO3 > (NH4)2SO4 > KNO3. The treatments of KNO3 and the lower concentration treatments of NH4NO3 and (NH4)2 SO4 didn't inhibit the nodulation of seedlings, but the higher concentration treatment of NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4 severely inhibited nodulation or even made a no formation of nodule.

CONCLUSIONThe results showed that ammonium nitrogen the higher inhibitory ability to the nodulation of seedlings of A. cantoniensis than nitrate nitrogen. Therefore, the application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled in culture of the herb, which is in favor of increasing the function of biological nitrogen fixation and the quality of the medicinal materials of A. cantoniensis.

Abrus ; growth & development ; Ammonium Sulfate ; Biomass ; Fertilizers ; Nitrates ; Nitrogen Fixation ; physiology ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Potassium Compounds ; Seedlings ; growth & development