Purpose: To investigate the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor (PIP). Methods:To analyze the pathogenic characteristics and X-ray findings of 18 cases of PIP. Results:The rate of incidence in PIP is increasing in recent years .70 percent of the patients have infection of the respiratory system and is related to the abuse of large doses of antibiotics, there is little specificity in X-ray or CT so it is easy to confuse with malignant tumor of the lung .In pathologic sections of PIP, no malignant changes were seen, and only inflammatory cells, lymphocytes and plasm cells could be seen by light microscope. Conclusions:The antibiotic must be used properly in infection of the respiratory system and surgical treatment can be done in some asses to exclude tumor of the lung in diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the changes of the serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)level in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and study the relationship between hs-CRP level and ischemic stroke subtypes according to the trail of org10172 in acute stroke treatment (TOAST) criteria.Methods The serum hs-CRP was measured in 152 ACI patients by immunonephelometrical method. All ACI patients were classified into 5 major ischemic stroke subtypes based on TOAST criteria. And then the relationship between hs-CRP level and their TOAST subtypes were analysed.Results The percentage of each ischemic stroke TOAST subtypes of 152 patients was as following: stroke of undetermined etiology 41.45%, small-vessel occlusion 34.87%, cardioembolism 5.26%, large-artery atherosclerosis 15.79%, and stroke of other determined etiology 2.6%. Among 5 ischemic stroke subtypes, cardioembolism patients were related to the highest positive rate of hs-CRP(87.50%) and the highest hs-CRP level [(11.60?7.85)mg/L]. The hs-CRP level in large-artery atherosclerosis or stroke of other determined etiology were (10.77?4.27) mg/L or (6.45?3.25) mg/L respectively, Stroke of undetermined etiology and small-vessel occlusion subtypes were associated with the lowest positive rate of hs-CRP(38.10%, 37.74%) and the lowest hs-CRP level [(4.09?5.65)mg/L,(3.99?0.56)mg/L]. Apparently, other factors, such as age, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, triglyeride, fasting blood sugar and fibrinogen, could also affect the hs-CRP level in serum(r=0.1640、0.2489、0.2066、0.1866、0.3029、0.2224,all P

Objective:To study the role of adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of polymyositis. Methods:The abnormal expression of adhesion molecules on T cells in peripheral blood and muscle fibers from patients with myositis was analyzed by two colour immunofluoresence and RT PCR methods respectively. Results:The expression of adhesion molecules including lymphocyte function associated antigen 1(LFA 1 ),very late antigen 4(VLA 4) on T cells in peripheral blood and intercellular adhesion molecule l(ICAM 1) on muscle fibers from patients with myositis was markedly higher than that in the healthy control group. Conclusion: These findings suggested that adhesion molecules may be responsible for the migration of T cells and destraction of muscle fibers.

Objective To explore the prevalence of age-related eye diseases (AREDs) among people aged 70 years or above in Hangzhou and evaluate the impact of AREDs on visual function (VF) and visual-related quality of life (QOL) in elders.Methods This study involved a total 2 111 elderly people (≥70 years).All participants received visual acuity and comprehensive eye examinations and complete VF and QoL questionnaires.Results The main cause of visual impairment was AREDs.And the causes were age-related cataract (79.82％),AMD (45.64％),glaucoma (10.95％) and diabetic retinopathy (DR,7.30％).VF and QoL scores declined gradually with age.And the scores declined more rapidly with declined visual acuity among the elders.VF and QoL scores in patients with age-related cataract,AMD,glaucoma and DR were successively lower.After adjusting for age,gender and visual acuity,the elders with AREDs had lower scores across all domains of VF and QoL.Scores for subscales of VF and QoL domains were significantly lower among those with DR and glaucoma compared with those with age-related cataract and AMD.Conclusion Age,presenting vision and AREDs are associated with VF and QoL in this elderly population.And senile people with glaucoma and DR have severe declines in VF and QoL,independent of presenting visual acuity.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the pathogenic results and drug resistance of bacteria isolated from serous effusion specimens from Jan 2006 to Feb 2008 so as to provide evidence for clinical pathogenic analysis and selection of antibiotic. METHODS The bacteria identification and the antimicrobial susceptibility were assayed by routine methods. RESULTS The positive rate of pathogens was 6.80% from 721 serous effusion specimens.There were 49 strains of pathogens which included 15 of Gram-positive bacteria and 28 of Gram-negative bacteria and 6 fungi strains.The most frequently isolated pathogens were Enterobacteriaceae(32.65%) followed by Enterococcus(18.37%),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(12.25%).The most active compounds against Enterococcus were vanconmycin and linezolid(100.00%),nitrofurantoin and tetracycline(66.67%);the most active compounds against Staphylococcus were vancomycin,linezolid and nitrofurantoin(100.00%),tetracycline and rifampin(75.00%);The most active compounds against Gram-negative bacilli were piperacillin/tazobactam(67.86%),imipenem(64.29%),tobramycin(60.71%),gentamicin(53.57%) and levofloxacin(46.43%). CONCLUSIONS The prevailing pathogens in serous effusion are Gram-negative bacilli,especially Enterobacteriaceae.Data collected in present study provide a valuable information for prophylactic and empirical antibiotic use for serous infection.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the use of prophylactic use of antibiotics for special diagnosis and treatment in our hos-pital,and to provide reference for rational use of antibiotics. METHODS:The patients receiving special diagnosis and treatment were collected from our hospital during Jan.-Aug. 2016. The prophylactic application of antibiotics was analyzed statistically. RE-SULTS:Among 149 included patients,there were 62 cases of prophylactic use of antibiotics with utilization rate of 41.61％. Among 62 patients receiving antibiotics,5 cases were given medicine orally and others were via injection. Nine categories 18 types of antibiotics were used,involving 69 times;cephalosporin were used in 49 times(71.01％),among which top 3 types in the list of use sequence were cefodizime,cefotetan and cefazolin;prophylactic use of antibiotics was not found in angiography(including coronary artery) and stent implantation. Utilization rate of antibiotics for other diagnosis and treatment was more than 50％. The prophylactic use of antibiotics was complex in ureteroscopy and cystoscopy,shock wave lithotripsy;the selection of drug types started from the high level. There were 59 cases of single drug(95.16％)and 3 cases of two-drug(4.84％). Total of 41 cases were given medicine 0.5-2 h before surgery or at the beginning of anaesthesia (66.13％). Medication time of 18 cases was ≤24 h (29.03％);that of 11 cases was >24-48 h(17.74％). CONCLUSIONS:The prophylactic use of antibiotics is relatively standard in angiography(including coronary artery),stent implantation and implantation of peritoneal dialysis tube in our hospital. There are some problems during special diagnosis and treatment,such as the indication of drug delivery is not strict;the selection of drug types starts from the high level;medication timing is not suitable;medication course is excessively long.

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) is related to occurrence and development of dermatofibrosis; however, less is explored about the expression and effect of AT1 and AT2 receptors in the fibroblasts of human hypertrophic scar.OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of Ang Ⅱ type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors in human hypertrophic scars, and explore their effects on collagen synthesis of fibroblasts.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized control experiment was performed at the Experimental Center, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA between August 2006 and November 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Samples of hypertrophic scare were taken from 18 patients (10 males and 8 females, 19-47 years Old). Seven specimens of normal skin served as control. All of the specimens collected were divided into two parts, one part for immunohistochemical staining after fixated by 4% paraformaldehyde, the other part for culturing fibroblasts.METHODS: The expression of both AT1 and AT2 receptors in fibroblasts of hypertrophic scare was detected with immunohistochemical staining and radioligand receptor binding assay. Collagen synthesis was examined in cultured fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars by measuring [3H]-proline incorporation into collagenous proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expression of both AT1 and AT2 receptors in human hypertrophic scars; the [3H]-proline incorporation value in cultured fibroblasts.RESULTS: Positive staining signals of both AT1 and AT2 receptors were found in fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars. Similar results were also observed in cultured fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars, expression level of AT1 and AT2 receptors were (10.69±2.15) fmol/106 cells and (4.9±1.05) fmol/106cells, respectively. In cultured fibreblasts, Ang Ⅱ stimulation significantly increased collagen synthesis, which was inhibited by valsartan, an AT1 receptor blocker, but augmented by PD123319, an AT2 receptor antagonist.CONCLUSION: Both AT1 and AT2 receptors were expressee in the fibreblasts of hypertrophic scars, and Ang Ⅱ regulates collagen synthesis in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts through a negative cross-talk between AT1 and AT2 receptors, which might contribute, at least partly to formation and maturation of human hypertrophic scars.

Objective: To optimize the extraction technology of Panax notoginseng and Scrophulariae radix from Rupixiao granule.Methods: With the dry extract rate and transfer rates of ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1 and harpagoside as the comprehensive index, the orthogonal design was adopted to investigate the effects of the amount and concentration of ethanol, extracting duration and times on the extraction technology.The contents of ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1 and harpagoside were determined by HPLC.Results: The optimal extraction technology was extracted twice with 8-fold amount of 60% ethanol with 2 h per time.The transfer rate of ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1 and harpagoside was (79.4%±1.56%), (42.62%±0.68%) and (44.89%±0.58%)(n=3), respectively.The dry extract rate was (20.99%±0.411%).Conclusion: The optimized extraction technology is stable and feasible, which can be used for extracting Panax notoginseng and Scrophulariae radix from Rupixiao granule.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the professional cognitive level and its influencing factors of fresh nursing students in Yunnan,in order to provide a basis for nursing education workers, improve the situation and put forward a series of interventions.MethodsA questionnaire survey was done among 623 fresh nursing students in 5 universities of Yunnan province,and the data were collected and analyzed using the descriptive analysis and chi-square test of software SPSS22.0.Results There were 313 peoples choose nursing for easy future employment in qualified 599 questionnaires. The professional cognitive level in Yunnan was not comprehensive compared with other provinces,and the ratio of the nursing mission and etc were lower than other provinces with statistical significance(P < 0.05). However,there were 50 people(40.98%)would like to choose other major of 122 people who come from other provinces,which was higher than that of Yunnan (34.98%). There were 324 students(63.11%)were proud of nursing,327 students(63.70%)think nursing have a good development prospect who received the freshmen entrance education,which were higher than 35.62% and 42.47% of who could not receive the freshmen entrance education,with a statistical significance(P < 0.05). ConclusionSchool should reinforce the new students entrance education and professional publicity to cultivate the professional emotion of nursing freshmen.

BACKGROUND:Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), a main cytokine inducing chondrocyte apoptosis of osteoarthritis, plays a regulatory role in the process of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE:To compare the rat models of chondrocyte apoptosis induced by different mass concentrations of TNF-α, thus providing theoretical basis for further study on the regulation of drugs on chondrocyte apoptosis. METHODS:Chondrocytes were isolated from the knee cartilage of 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats of clean grade by mechanical l col agenase digestion and were then incubated with different mass concentrations of TNF-αto induce apoptosis. The morphology of chondrocytes was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, cel s were identified using immunohistochemical staining of type II col agen, as wel as the cel viability and apoptosis were detected by MTT and DAPI, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) In vitro, the cytoplasm of chondrocytes was stained brown-yel ow by using immunohistochemical staining of type II col agen. (2) At 48 hours, the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes induced by 10, 20 and 30μg/L TNF-αwas significantly higher than that of the 0μg/L TNF-α(P<0.01), and the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes induced by 40μg/L TNF-αwas significantly higher than that of the 10μg/L TNF-α(P<0.01). (3) The viability of chondrocytes induced by 10, 20 and 40μg/L TNF-αwas significantly lower than that of the 0μg/L TNF-α(P<0.01). In detail, the viability of chondrocytes induced by 20μg/L TNF-αwas lower than that of the 10μg/L TNF-α(P<0.05);the viability of chondrocytes induced by 40μg/L TNF-αwas significantly lower than that of the 10 and 20μg/L TNF-α(P<0.01, P<0.05). (4) These results suggest that 20μg/L TNF-αcan successful y induce the chondrocyte apoptosis model.