Dunhuang medicine is a branch of Dunhuang studies, including the characteristics of Dunhuang ancient medical prescriptions and treatment technique.Dunhuang Dabupi Decoction has good efficacy in nourishing vitality and yin and promoting the production of body fluid. Professor WANG Dao-kun used the prescription to treat gastric stuffiness, gaining significant curative effect. This article summaried cases of using this prescription, to show the advantages of Dunhuang ancient medical prescription Dabupi Decoction for present use.

Spleen diarrhea is one of the common diarrhea diseases. Because it has long course, lingering and difficult to cure, and easy to occur, it is difficult to treat. Professor WANG Dao-kun believes that spleen-stomach yang deficiency, disorder of qi movement, and dampness and internal stagnation are the common etiology and pathogenesis of spleen diarrhea. The treatment should be warming middle Jiao and tonifying spleen, regulating qi, and promoting diarrhea. Professor WANG has prepared modified Wenzhong Zhixie Decoction for the treatment of spleen diuresis. This article expounded Professor WANG's experience in treating spleen diarrhea with Wenzhong Zhixie Decoction.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the molecular epidemiologic characteristics and genotypes of norovirus in children less than 5 years of age in Lulong area from 2008 to 2009.

METHODS325 stool specimens and epidemiological data from hospitalized children with diarrhea less than 5 years of age were collected. Rotavirus was detected by using the ELISA kit. Norovirus, adenovirus and astrovirus were detected by multiple reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Partial norovirus strains were sequenced and the tree was conducted by using the phylogenetic analyses.

RESULTSNorovirus was detected in 37 out of 325 (11.3%) specimens,ranked only second to rotavirus (48.6%), and higher than adenovirus (6.5%) and astrovirus (4.3%). Norovirus predominantly infected children less than 2 years of age and the season peak of norovirus occurred in November. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the predominant strain was the GII. 4/2006b variant. Interestingly, a novel unreported GII-4 variant was found in this study.

CONCLUSIONNorovirus was one of the most important pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis from 2008 to 2009 in Lulong area. The GII. 4/2006b vairant was still the predominant strain. It is important to keep on monitoring the novel GII. 4 variant.

Acute Disease ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Norovirus ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors

Objective To investigate the correlation between activation of toll-like receptors 3 (TLR3) signaling pathway and tumor-associated macrophage and its effect on the tumor growth. Methods The mice Lewis lung cancer cell lines 3LL and melanoma B16H10 were used to construct the subcutaneous transplantation tumor models and then they were treated with Poly-ICLC. The curative effect was observed and then the T cell and macrophage phenotypes infiltrated in local tumor were detected by flow cytometry. After the in vitro culture of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage, the real-time PCR and western blot were applied to detect the expression of macrophage activation markers and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. Results The survival time of mice with brown tumor treated with Poly-ICLC significantly increased and the tumor growth was inhibited. The ratio of local tumor-infiltrated Treg decreased, while the ratio of CD8

To investigate the mechanism of n-butanol extract of Pulsatilla decoction (BAEB) against murine ulcerative colitis (UC) model induced by DSS combined with Candida albicans (CA) colonization, mice were randomly divided into normal control group, DSS group, DSS+CA group, BAEB high, medium and low dose group, and positive drug Mesalazine group. The general condition of mice was observed, fungal loads of murine intestinal contents were detected by plate method, colonic pathological change of mice was examined by HE staining. ASCA in serum and IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, HBD-2, HBD-3 in colonic mucosa were detected by ELISA. The results showed that, compared with DSS group, the general condition and ASCA in serum had no obvious change for DSS+CA group, but the fungal loads in intestinal contents, the colonic pathological damage, and the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, HBD-2, HBD-3 in colonic mucosa were greater than that of DSS group. High dose of BAEB group and Mesalazine group could improve the colonic pathology, decrease IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, HBD-2, HBD-3 expression level. In conclusion, BAEB could effectively improve the UC symptoms in mice induced by DSS combined with CA colonization, and inhibit the inflammatory factors such as IL-6, imply that BAEB is of important value for the treatment of intestinal fungal-related colitis.

To study the inhibitory effect of butyl alcohol extract of Baitouweng decoction(BAEB) on Candida albicans cell membrane. The effects of BAEB on the activity of C. albicans were observed by Spot assay. The changes of intracellular osmotic pressure of C. albicans after BAEB intervention were detected by microtiter plate reader. The effect of BAEB on cell membrane permeability of C. albicans were observed by fluorescence microscopy. The content of ergosterol in C. albicans cell membrane was detected by high performance liquid chromatography, and the expression of ergosterol biosynthesis related genes in cell membrane was detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the activity of C. albicans was significantly decreased in 256, 512 and 1 024 mg•L⁻¹ BAEB group. The intracellular glycerol content of C. albicans was significantly increased in 512 and 1 024 mg•L⁻¹ BAEB group(P<0.05). The gene HOG1 associated with intracellular osmotic pressure of C. albicans was down-regulated by 9.1, 9.3 and 5.5 times, respectively. C. albicans with red fluorescent were increased significantly in 512 and 1 024 mg•L⁻¹ BAEB group. The peak area of ergosterol in the 1 024 mg•L⁻¹ BAEB group was 35.884 95, with a significant difference(P<0.05); ERG1, ERG2, ERG3, ERG4, ERG5, ERG6, ERG10, ERG11, ERG13, ERG24, ERG25, ERG251, ERG26 and UPC2 were down-regulated by 6.58, 4.89, 4.15, 9.24,3.41, 9.84, 3.08, 7.50, 5.53, 5.90, 2.45, 3.25,1.98 and 10.07 times respectively in 1 024 mg•L⁻¹ BAEB group. The study indicated that BAEB could inhibit ergosterol and its biosynthesis related genes expression in the cell membrane and inhibit the activity of C. albicans.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and safety of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in the perioperative application of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ALC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on 168 patients (ALC group) undergoing ALC in the daytime ward from Aug 2017 to Aug 2018 in our hospital vs conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy CLC in the general ward in 165 patients (CLC group) . Clinical data, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy, postoperative complication, readmission, pain score after 6h, patient satisfaction, first postoperative anal exhaust, average length of hospital stay, and hospitalization expenses were compared between the two groups. Results: In the ALC group, the pain score, the first anal exhaust time, the average length of hospital stay, and the hospitalization cost were significantly lower than those in the CLC group. Compared with the CLC group, the satisfaction of patients in the ALC group was significantly improved. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications (biliary leakage, postoperative bleeding, bile duct injury, infection of the incision) and readmission rate. Conclusion Use of enhanced recovery after surgery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in day surgery is safe and feasible. It has many advantages such as reducing hospitalization costs and postoperative pain and accelerating postoperative recovery.

The aim of this paper was to investigate the inhibitory effect of extract of Coptidis Rhizoma(ECR) on invasion of Candida albicans hyphae in vitro.XTT reduction method was used to evaluate the metabolic activity of C.albicans.The colony edge growth of C.albicans was observed by solid medium.The growth of C.albicans hyphae was determined on semi-solid medium.The morphology and viability changes of C.albicans hyphae were assessed by scanning electron microscope and fluorescence microscope.qRT-PCR method was used to detect the ALS3 and SSA1 expression of C.albicans invasin genes.The results showed that the metabolic viability by XTT method detected that the activity of C.albicans was gradually decreased under the intervention of 64,128 and 256 mg·L-1 of ECR respectively.128,256 mg·L-1 of ECR significantly inhibited colony folds and wrinkles on solid medium and the hyphal invasion in semi-solid medium.Scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy showed that 128,256 mg·L-1 of ECR could inhibit the formation of C.albicans hyphae.qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of invasin gene ALS3 and SSA1 was down-regulated,and especially 256 mg·L-1 of ECR could down-regulate the two genes expression by 4.8,1.68 times respectively.This study showed that ECR can affect the invasiveness of C.albicans by inhibiting the growth of hyphae and the expression of invasin.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; genetics ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fungal Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; Hyphae ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Objective: To examine the feasibility and surgical approach of removing type D trigeminal schwannoma through nasal cavity and nasal sinus under endoscope. Methods: Eleven patients with trigeminal schwannoma who were treated in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from December 2014 to August 2021 were analyzed retrospectively in this study. There were 7 males and 4 females, aged (47.5±13.5) years (range: 12 to 64 years). The neoplasm involved the pterygopalatine fossa, infratemporal fossa, ethmoidal sinus, sphenoid sinus, cavernous sinus, and middle cranial fossa. The size of tumors were between 1.6 cm×2.0 cm×2.0 cm and 5.7 cm×6.0 cm×6.0 cm. Under general anesthesia, the tumors were resected through the transpterygoid approach in 4 cases, through the prelacrimal recess approach in 4 cases, through the extended prelacrimal recess approach in 2 cases, and through the endoscopic medial maxillectomy approach in 1 case. The nasal endoscopy and imaging examination were conducted to detect whether neoplasm recurred or not, and the main clinical symptoms during follow-up. Results: All the surgical procedures were performed under endonasal endoscope, including Gross total resection in 10 patients. The tumor of a 12-year-old patient was not resected completely due to huge tumor size and limited operation space. One patient was accompanied by two other schwannomas located in the occipital region and the ipsilateral parotid gland region originating from the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve, both of which were removed concurrently. After tumor resection, the dura mater of middle cranial fossa was directly exposed in the nasal sinus in 2 cases, including 1 case accompanied by cerebrospinal fluid leakage which was reconstructed by a free mucosal flap obtained from the middle turbinate, the other case was packed by the autologous fat to protect the dura mater. The operation time was (M(IQR)) 180 (160) minutes (range: 120 to 485 minutes). No complications and deaths were observed. No recurrence was observed in the 10 patients with total tumor resection during a 58 (68) months' (range: 10 to 90 months) follow-up. No obvious change was observed in the facial appearance of all patients during the follow-up. Conclusion: Type D trigeminal schwannoma involving pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa can be removed safely through purely endoscopic endonasal approach by selecting the appropriate approach according to the size and involvement of the tumor.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Endoscopy/methods* ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Neurilemmoma/surgery* ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/surgery*

To investigate the effects of butyl alcohol extract of Baitouweng Decoction(BAEB) on neutrophil chemotaxis in vaginal mucosa of mice with vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC). Seventy-two SPF female Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, fluconazole group, BAEB low-dose group, middle-dose group and high-dose group. Subcutaneous injection of estradiol benzoate was conducted to induce pseudo-estrus, and then 2×10~6 CFU·mL~(-1)of Candida albicans was inoculated into vaginal lumen, followed by drug treatment for 7 days. Gram staining was used to observe the morphological changes of C. albicans in vagina; vaginal fungal load was detected on agar plate. Histological changes of vaginal tissues in mice were observed by HE staining. Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α) levels in mouse lavage fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Neutrophils in vaginal lavage fluid was observed and counted by using Pap smear. The levels of IL-8 and MIP-2 in vaginal mucosa were detected by ELISA. IL-8 and MIP-2 mRNA levels in vaginal mucosa of mice were detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed that as compared with the normal group, VVC model group had a large number of hyphae and a high level of fungal loadinvagina. The vaginal mucosa was completely destroyed, the number of neutrophils increased, and the protein and mRNA levels of IL-8 and MIP-2 were up-regulated. After BAEB treatment, the hyphae of the treatment group was decreased, the fungal load was decreased, the impaired mucosa showed different degrees of improvement, the inflammatory factors were decreased to varying degrees, and the protein and mRNA levels of chemokine IL-8 and MIP-2 were down-regulated. In conclusion, BAEB may be used to treat VVC by inhibiting vulvovaginal candidiasis via blocking neutrophils recruitment into vagina.
1-Butanol ; Animals ; Candida albicans ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/drug therapy* ; Chemotaxis/drug effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Female ; Mice ; Mucous Membrane/drug effects* ; Neutrophils/drug effects* ; Vagina/diagnostic imaging*