Fungal polyketide synthases are responsible for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as pigments, mycotoxins, and they are very important in pharmacology , food science and agriculture. The recent advances in the methods for the isolation and manipulation of multiple classes of polyketide synthase genes from fungi were introduced. It is useful for discovery of novel fungal polyketide synthase gene clusters. These methods can also be useful for revealing the genetic potential of fungi to produce multiple types of bioactive polyketide.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Facial Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microsurgery ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to do the following: construct a three-dimensional finite element model of an labial inverted impacted maxillary central incisor and its supporting tissues, analyze stress distribution in the periodontal tissue when various tractions are exerted, and provide references for treating impacted maxillary central incisor.

METHODSA three-dimensional finite element model oflabial inverted impacted maxillary central incisor and its periodontal tissues was established using Mimics 10.01 and Ansys 14.0 software based on original cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data. Various traction values (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 g) were exerted on the incisal margin in the direction perpendicular to the impacted tooth. Different Von Mises stress values were determined.

RESULTSStress distribution on the periodontal ligament increased with traction size. When 30 g traction was exerted on the labial inverted impacted maxillary central incisor, the Von Mises stress was 24 919.0 Pa, which was within the range of the optimum force and close to its maximum value.

CONCLUSIONThe optimum traction for early orthodontic treatment of labial inverted impacted maxillary central incisor is nearly 30 g.

Finite Element Analysis ; Incisor ; Lip ; Maxilla ; Periodontal Ligament ; Tooth, Impacted

Interaction teaching model of teaching and studying exchanging,simulation scenes,and clinical scientific research training were developed in medical interns.With the helps of such teaching model,rapid progresses of studying interests,activi- ties,and abilities were found in such pediatric interns.Under grasping basic pediatrics knowledge according to teaching program, they all have multiple abilities of clinical practices,medical teaching,and scientific research to a degree.The interaction teaching model which regards student as principal part plays a very important role in the development of pediatric probation quality.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of port catheter system(PCS)placement in pulmonary artery via percutaneous subclavicle vein treatment for multiple metastatic tumor in the two lungs and discuss the PCS technique.Methods Fifteen multiple metastatic tumor patients(13 hepatocellular carcinomas,one mandible grand adenocarcinoma,one oral bottom squamous carcinoma)were carried out with pulmonary artery PCS placement by way of percutaneous subclavicle vein.FPA/FPM/GP chemotherapy scheme were introduced every 4～6 weeks.Results The success rate of PCS placement technique was 93.3%(14/15).One case failed.Percutaneous subclavicle veins were performed 14 cases in right side and 1 in left one.Following up 2～43 months,2～7 chemotherapy cycles(mean 5 cycles)were accomplished,and the clinical CR and PR were achieved in 1 and 3 cases respectively with clinical efficacy rate 28.6%(4/14).Major side reaction was late wound healing in 1 case.Conclusion PCS placement in pulmonary artery treatment for multiple metastatic tumor in the two lungs is effective,and mastering operation technique is the key for increasing operation suc- cess rate.

Objective To isolate Fusarium species from Kashin-Beck disease(KBD)area and biosynthesize cnlde T-2 toxin.Methods T-2 toxin.producing Fusarium was isolated from corns produced in KBD area and purifted.The purifted funsi were identified according to the traits of colony,appearance of thallus and characters of conidium and then weIe cultivated in sterile Corn culture media.After extraction with organic solvent and purification by silica gel chromatography column,the quality and quantity of the toxin in the extracts were estimated by thin,Layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography.Results The toxin-producing strain was Fusarium tricinctum. The com cuIture media inoculated with this strain produced about 250 mg of crude T-2 toxin per kg. Conclusions This experiment has indirectly further confirmed pollution of T-2 toxin-producing Fmarium existed in

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

METHODSA total of 85 clinical RA related messages were enacted and classified into 5 sets as pathological locations, quantitative diagnosis, symptomatic descriptions, general status and environment factors. The respective frequency of their presence in the TCM or WM data sets for RA diagnosis collected from MEDLINE and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were analyzed statistically by Chi-square test, and the relationship of some TCM diagnostic factors/conditions with the RA related biological factors was analyzed by co-occurrence-based literature approach of mining.

RESULTSThere was significant difference between the diagnostic pattern of WM and TCM (P < 0.01). Compared with that of WM, TCM diagnosis on RA paid more attention to environmental factors and symptomatic descriptions, which showed definite association with the cytokines and neuro-endocrine factors in RA.

CONCLUSIONExamination of environmental factors and symptomatic descriptions for RA diagnosis is one of the important characteristics of TCM treatment in accordance to syndrome differentiation, it has its potential biologic basis. A novel approach is proposed for exploring the characteristics of TCM in diagnosis and observation.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Acute Kidney Injury ; therapy ; Child ; Hemofiltration ; methods ; Humans

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistant and transmission mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant K.pneumonia (CR-KP) infection of newborns.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on totally 37 non-repetitive CR-KP which were isolated from patients hospitalized between April 2011 and October 2013.Resistance genes were identified by PCR and sequencing.Plasmid was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Conjugation experiments were performed to determine the transferability of beta-lactamase.Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to determine the genotypes and homology of these isolates.Out-membrane proteins were examined by PCR and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).Results Thirty-seven CR-KP isolates were tested.The resistant rates of imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem were 89.2％ (33/37), 83.8％ (31/37) ,97.3％ (36/ 37), respectively.All the 37 CR-KP exhibited 100％ (37/37) sensitivity to tigecycline, colistin, levofloxacin and amikacin, while resistance to most of the other antibiotics.By PCR, 67.6％ (25/37) isolates were blaNDM-1 positive, 35.1％ (13/37) isolates were blaIMP-4 positive and 2.7％ (1/37) isolate were blaIMP-8 positive, including two isolates carrying both blaNDM-1 and blaIMP-4.PFGE results showed that the isolates carried 2-4 plasmids and both blaNDM-1 and blaIMP-4 were transferable by plasmids.MLST assigned them to sequence type (ST) 20, ST17, ST54, ST705, ST290,which showed that there were infectious outbreaks caused by NDM-1-producing and IMP-4-producing respectively among newborns.SDS-PAGE result indicated that there was no absence of outer membrane proteins OmpK35 and OmpK36.Conclusions The main resistant mechanisms of CR-KP causing infection in newborns were those the isolates carried carbapenemase of blaNDM-1 or blaIMP-4 and the K.pneumonia with two kinds of carbapemenase were detected.