Objective:To explore the effects of dexmedetomidine on the blood glucose,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in perioperative patients with neurosurgery.Methods:50 patients with meningioma who were ready to accept craniotomy in department of neurosurgery of our hospital from February 2016 to November 2016 were enrolled,they were randomly divided into research group and control group,with 25 patients in each group.The research group was given DEX 1.0 μg/kg at 10 min before anesthesia,which was added in 0.9％ sodium chloride injection 50 mL,the injection was finished in 10 min,then the DEX change to the rate of 0.5 μg/kg/h.Control group was given 0.9％ sodium chloride injection with constant rate and volume.Record heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP) and blood glucose,serum TNF-α,IL-6 levels of the two groups at 10min before anesthesia(T1),after the anesthesia (T2),the beginning of surgery(T3),1 hour after the surgery beginning(T4),the end of surgery(T5).Results:Compared with T1,HR of the two groups at T2 and T3 raised significantly,but research group was lower than control group(P＜0.05);In research group,compared with T1,MAP at T3 raised significantly;in control group,compared with T1,MAP at T3 and T4 raised significantly,but MAP of research group at T3 and T4 were lower than control group (P＜0.05).Compared with T1,blood glucose of the two groups at T2,T3,T4 and T5 raised sig-nificantly,but the research group at same points were lower than control group (P＜0.05).Serum TNF-α,IL-6 levels of control group at T2,T3 and T4 were significantly higher than T1 (P＜0.05),which in research group at different time points had no significant change (P＞0.05),and were lower than control group at T2,T3 and T4 (P＜0.05).Conclusion:DEX could maintain stable hemodynamics,antiinflammation,inhibit elevated blood glucose,so as to reduce the inflammatory response and stress response in patients with neurosurgery,then it could promote these patients postoperative recovery.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of scorpion and centipede on interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10 in the small intestinal mucosa and joint injury of rats with collagen induced arthritis (CIA).

METHODSSixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: the normal control group, the model group, the low dose scorpion and centipede group, the middle dose scorpion and centipede group, the high dose scorpion and centipede group, and the type II collagen treatment group. The joints' volume was measured 40 days after type II collagen (CII) induced rheumatoid arthritis model was established. The joint injury was observed by naked eyes. The expression levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in the small intestine tissue homogenate were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSThe joint injury score and volume of two hind limbs were obviously higher in the model group than in the normal control group since the 23rd day (P < 0.01). Rats were accompanied with red, swollen, and deformed foot toes and ankle joints. Walking was even affected. Meanwhile, the joint injury score and volume of two hind limbs were obviously lowered by medicated with 0.4, 0.2, 0.1 g/kg scorpion and centipede, as well as CII on the 32nd day after medication (P <0.05, P < 0.01). The expression levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in the small intestine tissue homogenate were obviously lower in the model group than in the normal control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, only the expression levels of IL-2 and IL-4 in the small intestine tissue homogenate of the high dose scorpion and centipede group and the type II collagen treatment group significantly increased. The expression level of IL-10 significantly increased in the high and middle dose scorpion and centipede groups, as well as the type II collagen treatment group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSScorpion and centipede could effectively release the joint injury of rats with CIA. Its mechanism might be correlated with increased expression levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in the small intestine mucosa.

Animals ; Arthritis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-2 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Intestine, Small ; metabolism ; Joints ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Scorpions

Adolescent ; Child ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrillin-1 ; Fibrillins ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Microfilament Proteins ; metabolism

Objective To explore the prevalence,socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of deficit schizophrenia in Chinese community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Methods Five hundred and three community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia were recruited in a cross-sectional study in Yuhua-tai District of Nanjing,and deficit schizophrenia was confirmed by Chinese version of the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome (SDS). Their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. All patients' psychopathology was assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results The current prevalence of community-dwelling patients with deficit schizophrenia was 0. 67‰. Deficit schizophrenia had significantly higher hospitalizations((2. 4±1. 3)times,(1. 9±0. 9)times),PANSS negative scores((28. 4± 8. 1),(17. 7±6. 3)),PANSS total score((96. 5±17. 3),(87. 3±18. 1)) than non-deficit schizophrenia(all P<0. 05),while non-deficit schizophrenia had higher currently smoking rate,positive scores,marriage per-centage and age of onset( all P<0. 05) . Further multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that male sex, age of onset,smoking and negative PANSS score were independently associated with deficit schizophrenia. Conclusion The study showed that deficit schizophrenia is very common in Chinese psychiatric outpatients. The results partially support deficit schizophrenia as an independent subtype of schizophrenia.

Recently, we have reported a new gfp gene isolated from Aequorea macrodactyla. The protein purified from expressed E. coli exhibited an excitation peak at 476 nm and an emission peak at 496 nm. However, the drawback of only maturing to fluorescence at low temperature limited its applications. In this paper, we further describe twelve mutants of GFPxm. Seven mutants produced enhanced fluorescence when expressed in E. coli at higher temperature (37 degrees C). After six hours of induction at 25 degrees C, 32 degrees C and 37 degrees C respectively, the relative fluorescent intensities of GFPxm16, GFPxm18 and GFPxm19 were higher than that of EGFP, moreover GFPxm16 and GFPxm163 could preserve high fluorescent intensity even expressed at 42 degrees C. Four mutants of the seven could reach high expression level in three kind of mammalian cells. Another 6 mutants had red-shift of excitation-emission maxima, and longest excitation-emission maxima were 514nm and 525nm. Another three mutants had two excitation peaks, and one mutant had only one UV-excitation peak. The most exciting result is the mutant of OFPxm with orange color. The mutant has an excitation peak at 509 nm and an emission peak at 523nm. 523nm is yellowish green but the protein is orange observed by eyes. The mutant could reach high expression level and matured at higher temperature but the fluorescent intensity was comparatively low because of low quantum yield.
Animals ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Temperature

Objective To explore the etiology,clinical presentation and treatment of patients with spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH). Methods Twelve patients diagnosed as having SSEH, admitted to our hospital from January 1995 to December 2010, were chosen in our study; 10 underwent surgical operation and 2 chose conversational therapy; the characteristics of onset,clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment and results of follow-up were analyzed. Results No obvious reasons induced the onset of SSEH in these patients and all manifested as loss/decrement of myodynamia of the involved limbs,and bowel and bladder dysfunctions.Follow-up was performed for 6-18 months; 2 patients received hematoma lesion dissection by spinal canal decompression enjoyed entire recovery of neural dysfunction, while 8 showed no significant amelioration in spinal cord function besides mild improvement of bowel and bladder function; in the 2 patients chosing conversational therapy,1 achieved total recover of the nerve funtion and the other one partially recovered. Conclusion The etiology of SSEH remains indefinite and the prognosis is usually disappointed; permanent spinal cord dysfunction is seemly inevitable in most cases; prompt surgical intervention are of great importance for prognosis of SSEH and should be the first choice of therapy.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of placement of short iliac screw using Galveston technique in lumbosacral fusion.

METHODSFrom October 2003 to August 2007, 18 consecutive patients (mean age 46 years ranging from 25 to 62 years) received placement of short iliac screw in lumbosacral fusion. The patients were followed up for a mean of 18 months (12-23 months), and the effect of lumbosacral fusion was evaluated according to standing anterior-posterior and lateral plain films taken before and after the operation and at the follow-up and also on the basis of symptom relief.

RESULTSThe mean time of surgery was 210 min (180-290 min). No complications occurred during and after the operation. According to the evaluation criteria of surgical treatment of low back pain formulated by the spine group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, excellent clinical outcome was achieved in 12 cases, good outcome in 3 cases, and tolerable outcome in 2 cases, with the excellent and good outcome rate of 83%.

CONCLUSIONThe Galveston technique for short iliac screw placement can obtain satisfactory outcome in the lumbosacral fusion.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Ilium ; surgery ; Internal Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sacrum ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of continuous passive motion (CPM) on basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) expression during tendon-bone repair in rabbits and explore the role of stress in the postoperative repair after acute rotator cuff injury.

METHODSSixteen rabbits randomized into CPM group (n=8) and non-CPM group (n=8) were subjected to surgically induced acute rupture of the supraspinatus tendon and subsequent surgical repair, with another two rabbits serving as the control. Two weeks after the operation, the rabbits in CPM group underwent CPM training, and those in non-CPM group were normally fed only. At 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after the operation, 2 rabbits from each group were sacrificed and the tissue samples were obtained for detecting the changes in b-FGF expression.

RESULTSTwo weeks after the operation, b-FGF expression was detected in both groups, and the CPM group showed slightly higher and more diffusive expression. At 4 weeks, b-FGF expression was significantly higher and distributed over a greater area in CPM group and in the non-CPM group. A large number of fibroblasts positive for b-FGF expression were identified in CPM group, aligning in parallel with the tendon membrane. At 6 weeks, b-FGF in the CPM group showed no obvious changes but that in the non-CPM group became lightened. At 8 weeks, b-FGF expression was reduced in both groups, which was more obvious in the non-CPM group.

CONCLUSIONCPM can promote b-FGF expression to enhance type III collagen synthesis at the tendon-bone interface in early stage of tendon-bone repair following acute rupture of supraspinatus tendon in rabbits, thereby contributing to tendon-bone recovery after rotator cuff injury.

Animals ; Bone Remodeling ; drug effects ; physiology ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rupture ; surgery ; Tendon Injuries ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Tendons ; metabolism ; Wound Healing ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection on the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and Th1/Th2 balance in asthmatic mice.

METHODSThirty-two female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely the PBS group, ovalbumin (OVA) group, RSV group and OVA/RSV group. The mice were sensitized by OVA and then stimulated with nebulized OVA, and RSV was inoculated into the nasal cavity of the mice. BUXCO noninvasive lung function detection was performed to examine the airway response to metacholine, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN-gamma in the mice. The cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted and classified, and the supernatants of the BALF were used for the detection of TSLP. Histopathological changes in the lung tissues of the mice were examined using HE staining, and immunohistochemistry using anti-mouse TSLP antibody was performed to examine TSLP expressions in the airway epithelial cells.

RESULTSRSV infection promoted the production of TSLP in the asthmatic mice, and the concentration of TSLP in OVA/RSV group (2.13-/+0.05 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.01). RSV infection increased the serum levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN-gamma in the mice. The total BALF cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes and neutrophils in OVA/RSV group were significantly higher than those in the other groups; noninvasive lung function examination showed higher Penh value in OVA/RSV group (318.66-/+50.87) than in the other groups when the inhaled metacholine increased to 6.25 mg/ml (P<0.01). More obvious and extensive airway inflammatory cell infiltration in OVA/RSV group were observed, and immunohistochemical staining also showed higher expression of TSLP in the airway epithelial cells of OVA/RSV group.

CONCLUSIONSRSV infection promotes the production of TSLP in the airway epithelial cells and increases the level of Th2 cytokines in asthmatic mice. Concurrent RSV infection can exacerbate Th2 inflammatory reaction in asthmatic mice.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Cytokines ; biosynthesis ; secretion ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammation ; immunology ; virology ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukins ; blood ; Lung ; immunology ; metabolism ; virology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; blood ; immunology ; metabolism ; Th2 Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; virology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as seed cells for the repair of tendon defect.

METHODSThe MSCs were isolated, amplified and identified by detection of surface protein CD44 mRNA. A 3 cm long defect was made in the Achilles tendon of the rabbit. The rabbits were divided into experimental (E) and control (C) groups. The autologous MSCs were implanted into a collagen-polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffold to form a tissue-engineered tendon, which was then transplanted to bridge the defect in the E group, while only collagen-PGA was transplanted to bridge the defect in the C group. The transplanted tendon was observed grossly and microscopically at 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation.

RESULTSThe cultured MSCs exhibited positive staining of CD44 on 11 days after in vitro culture. A tendon-like tissue could be discerned at the operation site in the E group 4 weeks after operation. Tendon-like cells similar to normal tendon tissue, being axially arranged in collagen matching the mechanical direction, with uniform morphology could be seen in E group 12 weeks after operation. The newly regenerated tissue in C group adhered to the adjacent tissue and was smaller than that in E group. The collagen fibers in the regenerated tissue were loose with reticular and filiform structure, and the cells were arranged disorderly 12 weeks after the transplantation.

CONCLUSIONIt is feasible to repair the tendon defect with autologous MSCs as seed cells.

Achilles Tendon ; injuries ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Rabbits ; Tendon Injuries ; surgery ; Tissue Engineering ; methods