Esophagus ; pathology ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Infant ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea ; pathology ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; surgery

A total of 60 ankylosing spondylitis patients scheduled for elective surgery with anticipated difficult airway were enrolled and randomly assigned into either dexmedetomidine (D) or midazolam plus sufentanil (MF) group.Group D:topical nasal anesthesia and a loading dose of dexmedetomidine at 1.0 μg/kg in 10 min; group MF:intravenous infusion of 0.05 mg/kg midazolam plus 3 μg/kg sufentanil.Fiberoptic bronchoscopic (FOB)-assisted awake nasotracheal intubation was performed.Mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),Pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2),Ramsay score and success rate of intubation were recorded and compared between two groups.The intubation conditions and level of comfort were also evaluated.MAP and HR of group D at FOB through postnaris (T1),peep the epiglottis(T2),intubation success immediately(T3)and 1 min after intubation(T4) were significantly lower (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01) than those of group MF while Ramsay sedation scores were obviously higher (P ＜ 0.05) than those of group MF.Group D with endotracheal intubation comfort level 5 score of grade 1-2 were 8 and 14 cases and were significantly higher than 4 and 10 cases of group MF.Immediately after intubation,level 3 scores in grade 1 of group D (n =21) were significantly higher than group MF (n =12) ; initial success rate of intubation in group D was obviously higher than that in group MF (70％,n =21 vs.47％,n =14).And the incidence of unpleasant intubation memory in group D was lower than that in group MF (37％,n =11 vs.67％,n =20).Fiberoptic bronchoscopic-assisted nasotracheal intubation offers better conditions for intubation and reduces the incidence rate of intraoperative awareness.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of induction with sevoflurane-midazolam-remifentail for tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants in neck brake patients.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients with cervical spine fracture with dislocation,aged 13-68 yr,scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia,were enrolled in this study.Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam 0.03 mg/kg and inhalation of 5%sevoflurane through a mask.Sevoflurane was inhaled at the initial concentration of 5%,followed by decrement of 1% every 30 s until 3%.When the eyelash reflex disappeared,remifentanil 2 μg/kg was injected slowly over 45s and 30 s later sevoflurane inhalation was stopped.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.The time of disappearance of eyelash reflex was recorded.The intubation condition was evaluated using VibyMogensen score.Results All patients were successfully intubated at the first attempt.The time period from sevoflurane inhalation to disappearance of eyslash reflex was(69 ± 4)s.Coughing occurred in 3 cases during intubation.The satisfactory intubation conditions were found in 100% of cases.SpO2 ＞ 95% in all patients.BlS was maintained at 45-55 during the period(before intubation until 3 min after intubation).Conclusion Induction with sevoflurane-midazolam-remifentail is rapid and smooth,provides good conditions for intubation and can be applied to tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants in neck brake patients.

Animals ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Fibrosis ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Tubules ; cytology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ureteral Obstruction ; pathology

Adult ; Endometriosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Cysts ; diagnostic imaging ; Ovarian Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Abdominal Pain ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; complications ; pathology

Background Most animal models of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) are single attacked procedure,with a different feature from the natural course of human recurrent autoimmune uveitis.So establishing a recurrent EAU model is necessary for the clinical study on EAU.Objective This study was to establish the recurrent EAU model in rat and investigate the ocular inflammation and pathological manifestation and interleukin-17 (IL-17)expression in the eye.Methods T cells isolated from the spleen and draining lymph nodes of Lewis rats immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) 1177-1191 peptide fragments (R16) 10 days earlier were re-stimulated with R16 in vitro and injected into naive syngeneic rats to establish the recurrent EAU models,and the normal Lewis rats were used as controls.The eyes of model rats were then examined daily for clinical signs of uveitis by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and scored Caspi's criteria.The rats were sacrificed 1 month,2,3months after injection respectively,and the retinal sections were prepared for the pathological examination by hemotoxylin & eosin staining.Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of IL-17 in the retina.Results Adoptive transfer of R16-specific T cells to Lewis rats induced recurrent uveitis.The inflammatory scores on the fourth day,the sixth day,and the inflammatory response disappeared on the tenth day after injection.However,the inflammatory reaction occurred repeatedly 4 or 5 times in the 2-month duration after that,and the right and left eyes of a single recipient showed a different pattern of relapse,and the clinical manifestations of EAU was similar to the natural course to those of human autoimmune uveitis.In the retinal specimens of 1-,2-and 3-month group,the number of inflammatory cells was gradually decreased as the time lapse.Compared with the normal group,the thicknesses of the entire retina,outer nuclear layer and inner nuclear layer decreased with a significant difference among the 4 groups (F=20.46,288.40,4.43,all P=0.00).The number of RGCs in the normal group,1-,2-and 3-month group was 231.27 ± 15.36,225.36 ± 17.79,132.18 ±9.39 and 67.45 ± 11.90,respectively,showing a significant difference among them (F=68.94,P=0.00).Immunohistochemistry showed that the scores of the IL-17 expression in the rat retina were 0.64 ± 0.17,1.92 ± 0.19,1.17 ± 0.23 and 0.83 ± 0.23,showing statistically significant difference (F=64.10,P=0.00).Conclusions The stimulation of R16-specific T cells can induce recurrent EAU in Lewis rat.Th17 is involved in the disease course.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the correlation of clinical features with pathology in chronic viral hepatitis (CH).

METHODSAnalyses of single factor and multiple factors of serum biochemical indices, imaging examination results, symptoms and signs with degree of pathological lesion of hepatic tissue in 973 cases of CH were conducted. Meanwhile, the hepatic functional index (AAPEA index) was used to investigate the role of serum biochemical indices in diagnosis of CH.

RESULTSIn these patients with CH,the severity of hepatic lesion was closely correlated to symptoms and signs, biochemical indices such as PTA, ALT, TBIL, ALB, A/G, gamma-globulin (gamma-G) by electrophoresis, AST and cholinesterase (CHE) as well as splenic thickness. AST was superior to ALT in reflecting degree of hepatic inflammatory activity. The total mistaken judgment rate of multiple factor analysis was 28.1%. The correlation coefficient of AAPEA index to degrees of hepatic inflammatory activity, fibrosis and pathological grading was 0.559, 0.545 and 0.529, respectively (P<0.000 1)

CONCLUSIONSThe biochemical indices such as PTA, ALT, TBIL, ALB, A/G, gammaG, AST, CHE and the determination of splenic thickness by ultrasonography B could reflect hepatic pathological changes to certain extent. AST was superior to ALT in reflecting degree of hepatic inflammatory activity. Incorrect judgment rate was high in determination of moderate and severe CH by multiple factor analysis. Conformity rate between AAPEA index and pathological diagnosis was better than any of them alone in diagnosing CH.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spleen ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

To explore methods of maintaining the self-renewal capacity of hematopoietic stem cells, inhibiting their overdue differentiation and expanding hematopoietic cells massively, the murine bone marrow stromal cells were coated on microcarriers, then co-cultured with hematopoietic cells from murine bone marrow as group 2 (G2). The G2 contents were wrapped by sodium alginate, then cultivated as group 1 (G1). The only microcarriers coated with stromal cells as group 3 (G3) and the only bone marrow cells as group 4 (G4) were cultivated as control groups. Contrasting observation and microphotograph were performed; the number of total marrow cells, the colony efficiency of CFU-GM and the percentages of CD34(+) cells were determined. Three repeated experiments indicated that the colony efficiency of CFU-GM before culture (G0) were 118.8 +/- 38.1/10(5) marrow cells, and the total outputs of CFU-GM (G0) were 9 501.3 +/- 3 049.0. After culture for two weeks, hematopoietic cells were adhered to or embedded in stromal cells coating the microcarriers, and had formed hematopoietic focus. The colony efficiency of CFU-GM per 10(5) mononuclear cells in group G1, G2, G3 and G4 averaged 30.9 +/- 13.7, 147.3 +/- 66.0, 23.4 +/- 23.1 and 15.9 +/- 8.1, respectively; the total outputs of CFU-GM in group G1, G2, G3 and G4 averaged 273.8 +/- 75.3, 9 424.8 +/- 7 933.7, 419.1 +/- 305.6 and 140.7 +/- 20.7, respectively; the measured CFU-GM output in group G2 was significantly higher than that in group G4, and still significantly higher than the sum of groups G3 and G4 (t = 6.553, t = 5.494; P < 0.05). The percentage of CD34 cells before culture was 10.0 +/- 1.0; after cultuer for two weeks, the percentages of CD34(+) cells in G1, G2, G3 and G4 averaged 4.0 +/- 1.0, 11.0 +/- 1.0, 3.3 +/- 1.5 and 2.2 +/- 0.8, respectively. The percentage of CD34 positive control (3T3 cells) was 17.0 +/- 1.0. This result was consistent with the result of CFU-GM outputs measured. These data suggest that microcarriers coated with stromal cells can perfectly support the ex vivo hematopoiesis at least to four weeks, while hematopoietic cells fixed by alginate are not significantly different from control groups. The hematopoiesis-simulating model of microcarriers is successful, whereas the hematopoiesis-simulating model of alginate macrocarriers can not support the ex vivo hematopoiesis.

OBJECTIVETo determine the relationship between maternal and neonatal vitamin D status and related factors.

METHODSerum 25-(OH)D levels were measured by ELISA in 499 pregnant women at 30 - 37 weeks gestation and in cord blood of their infants born at term (37 - 42 wk gestation) in Southeastern China at 28.9°N latitude. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to explore maternal and neonatal vitamin D levels by season. Pearson linear and linear regression of partial correlation was used to analyze the relationship between maternal and neonatal 25-(OH) D levels. The multiple factors related to maternal vitamin D status was assessed by binary logistic regression.

RESULTThe levels of serum 25-(OH)D were (33.0 ± 13.4) nmol/L in mothers and (31.0 ± 12.5) nmol/L in their newborns. Serum 25-(OH)D < 50 nmol/L was shown in 88.8% of mothers and 91.2% of their neonates. Both maternal and neonatal 25-(OH)D levels varied with season (Ps = 0.000). Vitamin D level was the lowest in spring, with the 25-(OH)D concentration < 50 nmol/L in 98.6% of mothers and 99.3% of their neonates. The highest vitamin D level was presented in fall, but there were still 64.0% of mothers and 75.0% of neonates with 25-(OH)D < 50 nmol/L. Except for season, calcium-vitamin D supplement and intake of egg ≥ 600 g per week during pregnancy benefited to improve maternal vitamin D level [25-(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L] [OR = 2.3 (95%CI:1.0, 5.3), 3.4 (95%CI:1.2, 9.9) respectively]. There was a positive correlation between maternal and neonatal 25-(OH)D measures in the sample as a whole (r = 0.45, P = 0.000, N = 499), the correlation was of no statistical significance when maternal serum 25-(OH)D was ≤ 25 nmol/L.

CONCLUSIONHypovitaminosis D was common in late pregnant mothers and their newborns in southeastern China, especially in spring. Vitamin D supplement and intake of vitamin D-rich food were beneficial to improvement of maternal vitamin D level. There was a moderate and positive correlation between maternal and neonatal 25-(OH)D concentrations in this population. The correlation was lost when maternal serum 25-(OH)D ≤ 25 nmol/L.

Adult ; Calcium ; blood ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; blood ; Male ; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Nutritional Status ; Pregnancy ; blood ; Pregnancy Complications ; blood ; prevention & control ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Seasons ; Sunlight ; Vitamin D ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; blood ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Young Adult