Objective To explore the clinical characteristics, surgical treatment and related factors of traumatic implantation cyst of the iris. Design Retrospective cases series. Participants Thirty-six cases of traumatic implantation cyst of the iris. Methods Thir- ty-six cases of traumatic implantation cyst of the iris were reviewed. Main Outcome Measures Age, surgical history, history of disease, surgical method of patients. Results All cases of traumatic implantation cyst of the iris were secondary to perforating injury. 10 cases had been undertaken cataract surgery. The histories of disease in 6 months～1 year and 1 year～10 years were 30.56% respectively. Sur- gical exicision was taken in all cases. There were 2 recurrence cases. Conclusion Traumatic implantation cyst of the iris is almost see- ondary to perforating injury. Surgical excision is an effective strategy to treat this disease.

Objective To study the efficacy of late course accelerated fractionation(LCAF) radio- therapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).The end-po s were local control,radiation-in- duced complications,factors influencing survival.Methods From December 1995 to April 1998,178 NPC patients were admitted for radiation treatment.The radiation beam used was ~(60)Co?or 6 MV X-ray.For the first two-thirds of the treatment,two daily fractions of 1.2 Gy were given to the primary lesion ,with an interval of≥6 hours,5 days per week to a total dose of 48 Gy/40 fractions,over a period of 4 weeks.For the last one third of the treatment,i.e.beginning from the 5th week,an accelerated hyperfractionation schedule was carried out.The dose per fraction was increased to 1.5 Gy,2 fractions per day with an interval of≥6 hours,the total dose for this part of the protocol was 30 Gy/20 fractions over 2 weeks.Thus the total dose was 78 Gy in 60 fractions in 6 weeks.Results All patients completed the treatment.Acute mucosi- tis:none in 2 patients,Grade 1 in 43,Grade 2 in 78,Grade 3 in 52,and Grade 4 in 3 patients.Local control rate:the 5-year nasopharyngeal local control rate was 87.7%,and the cervical lymph node local control rate was 85.7%.The 5-year distant metastasis rate was 26.1%,and 5-year survivals was 67.9%. Sixteen patients had radiation-induced cranial nerve palsy.Conclusions With this treatment schedule, patient's tolerance is good,local control and 5 year survivals are better than control groups of conventional fractionation and hyperfractionation radiotherapy.Radiation-related late complication does not increase.Ran- domized clinical trials are being carried out to further confirm the efficacy of LCAF for nasopharyngeal carci- noma.

OBJECTIVETo study the anatomy of Dracaena cochinchinensis systematically, and find out the distribution and detect the constituents of its resin, in order to provide substantial foundation for the formation mechanism of its red resin.

METHODThe microscopic structures of D. cochinchinensis were systematically observed by using color micrographics, including stem with and without resin, roots, barks and leaves. The HPLC fingerprints of the stem with and without resin were compared.

RESULTCharacteristics of the tangentical longitudinal section of stem with resin and surface view of leaves were elucidated. Besides xylem vessels and fibers of the stem, it was found that the red resin also exists in the cortex parenchyma cells of the stem and the medulla and xylem of the root. According to the HPLC fingerprint analysis result of the stems with and without resin, a number of flavones and stilbenoids were detected in the stem in which resin appeared after it wounded.

CONCLUSIONNo secretory tissue to secrete resin was found in D. cochinchinensis, further study is needed to elucidate the formation mechanism of its resin.

Dracaena ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Resins, Plant ; chemistry ; metabolism

Adult ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

Objective To analyze the tendency of hospital based surveillance incidence rates of birth defects in Guangdong province to provide reference evidence for related intervention program. Methods Data from hospital based birth defects surveillance of Guangdong province during 1997-2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The overall surveillance rates of birth defects in Guangdong province showed an increasing trend form 98.9 per 10 000 birth in 1997 to 244.2 per 10 000 birth in 2007. Among the frequently seen birth defects, the rate of congenital heart diseases increased sharply, but the rates of congenital talipes equinovarus, polydactyly, cleft lip with/without cleft palate showed a slight increasing trend.It seemed that there was a significant difference between different maternal age interval and gender of the infants. Mother's illness, drug use, and exposure to environment harmful factors in early pregnancy stage, high maternal age, negative bearing history were the suspect risk factors for birth defects. Conclusion The increasing trend of surveillance rate of birth defects seemed to be comprehensively affected by the factors as: method being adopted, target and extension of birth defects surveillance, technology used for diagnosis, kinds of risk factor,and quality control on surveillance programs.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the kinesis of cellular immunity in adults who were vaccinated with yeast recombinant hepatitis B(rHB) vaccine and the correlation between cellular and humoral immune responses induced by the vaccine.

METHODSEight adults were vaccinated with rHB vaccine according to 0, 1,2 month schedule. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were collected at the 3, 8, 21, 34 and 65 days after the first dose. The high purity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells obtained by sorting from PBMCs were restimulated with recombinant hepatitis B surface antigens (rHBsAg) or peptides. The spot forming cell (SFC) of IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-4 of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT).

RESULTSThe characteristics of IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-4 of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells appeared different after immunization with rHB vaccine. IFN-gamma of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells could be detected early with stable SFC, while the IL-2 and IL-4 of CD4+ T cells appeared late but increased after the second and third dose of vaccination. The positive rate of IL-4 of CD4+ T cells were significantly correlated with the positive rate of anti-HBs, while the SFCs of IL-4 and IL-2 of CD4+ T cells were also significantly related to the titers of anti-FIBs.

CONCLUSIONIFN-gamma could be detected early after rHB vaccination in adults, and the positive rates of IL-4 and IL-2 were correlated with that of anti-HBs.

Adult ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunization Schedule ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

Objective To analyze the frequency of mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangement,the frequent types of fusion genes and clinical characteristics of childhood acute leukemia (AL) with MLL gene rearrangement.Methods Morphological and molecular characteristics of 87 AL patients with MLL gene rearrangement were studied and analyzed.MLL fusion gene was detected by way of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR).Results Eighty-seven cases with MLL gene rearrangement were found in 1209 AL patients with incidence of 6.41％ and 9.36％ respectively in ALL and in acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) respectively.Fifty-eight cases of ALL were all B-ALL,28 cases of AML included 17 cases of M5,5 cases of M4,4 cases of M2,1 case of M3 and 1 case of M6.While there was 1 case of mixed of lineage leukemia and myeloid and T-lymphoblastic antigen presentation.The clonal chromosomal aberration was detected in 45 out of 76 cases (59.21％),and chromosome 11q23 aberration were observed in 28 cases (36.84％).There were 7 different kinds of fusion genes,including MLL-AF9 in 25 cases,dupMLL in 25 cases,MLL-AF4 in 17 cases,MLL-AF10 in 9 cases,MLL-ENL in 8 cases,MLL-AFlq in 2 cases,and MLL-AF6 in 1 case.Among the cases of MLL-AF4,MLL-AF9,MLL-AF10,MLL-ENL and dupMLL,there were statistical differences in lineage,age and initial white blood cell count (WBC) (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In childhood AL with MLL gene rearrangement,B-ALL is more common in ALL,whereas M5 and M4 are more common in AML.The common types of fusion genes are dupMLL,MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4.Patients with the different kinds of MLL fusion gene may present different clinical characteristics.The most common ALL cases are those with MLL/AF4 and MLL/ENL who may be younger with higher WBC than the others.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of the gene nanoparticles using chitosan (CNP), arginine modified chitosan (ANP), or hexadecylated chitosan (HNP) as carriers on the human normal liver cell line L02.

METHODSCNPs, ANPs, and HNPs were prepared using complex coacervation method. The size and zeta potential of the gene nanoparticles were measured using Zetasizer nanoZS. The nanoparticles at concentrations of 5, 10, 30, and 50 microg/ml (based on the content of DNA) were incubated with L02 cells, respectively. The cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay, and the effect of the gene nanoparticles on the cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe zeta potential of the gene nanoparticles ranged from 12.10 to 14.63 mV, and their diameters ranged from 148.07 to 179.47 nm. MTT assay showed that the viability of L02 cells began to decrease when the concentration of CNPs reached 30 microg/ml and higher. Furthermore, the CNPs could induce cell apoptosis as the concentration of CNPs reached 30 microg/ml and higher.

CONCLUSIONCNPs can induce L02 cell apoptosis at relatively higher concentrations.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; DNA ; chemistry ; genetics ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo compare three different methods in transfection of plasmid pGPU6/GFP/Neo into chicken embryo fibroblast.

METHODSDifferent doses (1.25 μl,2 μl,2.5 μl) of Lipofec-tamin2000, Gbfectene-Elite and HilyMax were used to transfect 1 μg plasmid pGPU6/GFP/Neo. The transfection efficiency was observed by the fluorescence and the cell viabilities were measured.

RESULTSThe transfection efficiency of HilyMax was significant higher than that of Lipofectamin2000 and Gbfectene-Elite (86.85%±2.32% compared with 48.33%±3.24% and compared with 37.35%±5.41%; F=18.882, P<0.05). The transfection efficiency of 2.5 μl HilyMax was highest(90.53%±1.15%). The cell viability of Lipofectamin2000 was significantly lower than that of HilyMax and Gbfectene-Elite(65.76%±5.78% compared with 89.54%±0.86% and compared with 82.45%±3.56%;F=90.676, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONHilyMax has the highest transfection efficiency and the lowest cell toxicity in transfection of plasmid pGPU6/GFP/Neo into chicken embryo fibroblast, with the optimal ratio of 2.5 μl HilyMax:1 μg plasmid.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Chick Embryo ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Transfection ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical stage and histological grade of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

METHODSTwelve clinical and pathological parameters were assessed in 613 patients with follow-up information. These parameters were classified into two gross spread parameters including liver metastasis and peritoneal dissemination, five microscopic spread parameters including lymph node metastasis, vascular, fat, nerve and mucosal infiltration, and five histological parameters including mitotic count ≥ 10 per 50 high-power fields, muscularis propria infiltration, coagulative necrosis, perivascular pattern and severe nuclear atypia.

RESULTSThe accumulated 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of 293 patients without any of these predictive parameters of malignancy were 99.3% and 100.0%, respectively. They were regarded as nonmalignant and further evaluations on the stage and grade of these tumors were not performed. At least one and at most seven predictive parameters of malignancy were identified in 320 patients. For these patients, the accumulated 5-year DFS and OS rates were 43.9% (mean 6.7 years) and 59.7% (mean 9.3 years), respectively. The DFS showed significant difference between patients with and without gross spread (P < 0.01), with and without microscopic spread (P = 0.001). DFS and OS were associated with the number of predictive parameters of malignancy in patients without gross spread (P < 0.01 for both DFS and OS), but not in patients with gross spread (P = 0.882 and 0.441, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSMalignant GIST could be divided into clinical stages I and II based on the absence and presence of gross spread, respectively. The degree of malignancy of patients in clinical stage I could be graded according to the number of predictive parameters of malignancy. Patients in clinical stage II were of the highest degree of malignancy regardless of the number of parameters. The staging and grading of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in this study are strongly associated with prognosis.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; methods ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult