Objective To investigate the effect of gender and age on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of normal adult pancreas.Methods A total of 383 patients with normal pancreas (290 male,93 female,range from 21 to 78 years of age) were enrolled in this study.The subjects were divided into four groups based on different age (≤40 years,41-50 years,51-60 years and ＞60 years) with patient number of 56,108,139 and 80,respectively.Breath-hold single-shot echo-planar DWI (b value =0,500 s/mm2) was performed to determine ADCs on all patients.The average ADCs was calculated by four ADCs measured from the head to tail part of the pancreas in each patient.Patients with different age or gender were analyzed by independent-samples t test.Effect of gender on ADCs was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.Relationship between ADCs and age was analyzed using Spearman rank-order correlation test,and Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the ADCs among 4 age groups.Results The median pancreatic ADC values in female group(n =93) [1.60 × 10-3 mm2/s (1.47 × 10-3-1.77 × 10-3) mm2/s] was higher than that in male group (n =290) [1.57 × 10-3mm2/s(1.41 × 10-3-1.74 × 10-3)mm2/s].Mann-Whitney U test results showed the mean ADCs was similar between the two groups (Z =1.335,P =0.182).The age distribution was similar between the male [(52 ± 10) years of age] and female [(51 ± 11) years of age]groups (t =0.267,P=0.790).The age spectrum showed that there was no correlation between the average ADC values and age (r =0.016,P =0.752).The median ADC values of the four age groups were 1.58 ×10-3,1.54 × 10-3,1.59 × 10-3 and 1.57 × 10-3 mm2/s,respectively.Kruskal-Wallis H test showed no significant difference of mean ADCs among the age groups (x2 =2.15,P =0.542).Conclusion There is no correlation of ADCs between age and gender in normal adult pancreas.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; genetics ; surgery ; Adult ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; surgery ; virology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Genes, myc ; HIV ; isolation & purification ; HIV Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, AIDS-Related ; drug therapy ; genetics ; surgery ; virology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Viral ; analysis ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; pathology ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective To investigate the mortality risk factors of nosocomial infection patients in intensive care unit (ICU), and to guide clinicians to take effective control measures. Methods A retrospectively cohort study was conducted. The relevant information of patients with nosocomial infection treated in ICU of Hengshui Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University from June 2009 to December 2015 was analyzed. The patients who admitted to ICU again, with length of ICU stay less than 48 hours, without first etiology of screening within 48 hours of ICU admission, or without complete pathogenic information were excluded. The gender, age, diagnosis, length of ICU stay, invasive operation, nutritional status, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens, and procalcitonin (PCT) levels at 7 days after nosocomial infection were recorded. The risk factors leading to death in patients with nosocomial infection were analyzed by logistic regression, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of all risk factors on the outcome of patients with nosocomial infection. Results In 864 enrolled patients with male of 54.75% and mean age of (63.50±15.80) years, 732 (84.72%) patients survived and 132 (15.28%) died. Compared with survivors, the non-survivors had higher age (years: 65.47±15.32 vs. 58.15±13.27), incidence of urgent trachea intubation (32.58% vs. 22.81%), deep venous catheterization (83.33% vs. 63.25%), and multiple drug-resistant infection (65.91% vs. 33.20%), longer length of ICU stay (days: 13.56±4.29 vs. 10.29±4.32) and duration of coma (days: 7.36±2.46 vs. 5.48±2.14), lower albumin (g/L: 23.64±8.47 vs. 26.36±12.84), higher APACHEⅡ score (19.28±5.16 vs. 17.56±5.62), SOFA score (8.55±1.34 vs. 6.43±2.65), and PCT (μg/L: 3.06±1.36 vs. 2.53±0.87, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in gender and urinary tract catheterization between survivors and non-survivors (both P > 0.05). The low respiratory tract was the most common site of infection followed by urinary tract and bloodstream in both groups. It was shown by logistic regression analysis that prolonged ICU stay [odds ratio (OR) = 2.039, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.231-3.473, P = 0.002], APACHEⅡ score (OR = 1.683, 95%CI= 1.002-9.376, P = 0.000), SOFA score (OR = 2.060, 95%CI = 1.208 -14.309, P = 0.041), PCT (OR = 2.090, 95%CI = 1.706-13.098, P = 0.004), and multi-drug resistant pathogens infection (OR = 5.245, 95%CI = 2.213-35.098, P = 0.027) were independent risk factors for ICU mortality in patients with nosocomial infection. The area under ROC curve (AUC) of length of ICU stay, APACHEⅡ score, SOFA score, and PCT level for predicting death of nosocomial infection patients was 0.854, 0.738, 0.786, and 0.849, respectively, the best cut-off value was 16.50 days, 22.45, 6.37 and 3.38 μg/L, respectively, the sensitivity was 83.6%, 90.0%, 81.1%, and 89.6%, and the specificity was 70.3%, 75.6%, 71.3%, and 85.4%, respectively. Conclusions Prol onged ICU stay, nosocomial infection with secondary sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome were the leading causes of death for nosocomial infection patients in ICU. Prolonged ICU stay, APACHE Ⅱ score, SOFA score, and PCT level could effectively predict death risks for nosocomial infection patients.

Objective To investigate the status quo of clinical engineering departments (CED) in Guangdong province, to find out the main problems and challenges, and to give some suggestions on promoting the development of clinical engineering. Methods Questionnaires were issued to directors or engineers in hospitals on department missions, staff composition, quality control and obstructive factors for discipline development. Statistical analysis was executed for the questionnaires. Results Only 53.19% of the CED operated independently. The daily CE practice in Guangdong hospitals included carrying out procurement, installation, maintenance and archiving. Only 28.0%of the hospitals had QC instruments. The education backgrounds were mainly restrained in undergraduate degree and junior college degree, accounting for 80.0%. Totally 39.0% of the clinical engineers majored in biomedical engineering. The personnel with primary or intermediate professional titles accounted for 61.96%. There was 0.68 engineer per 100 beds or 0.23 engineer per ten million Yuan medical equipment. The top 3 factors that hindered the development of CE were inadequacy of professional staff, low education level and absence of laws and regulations. Conclusion CED in Guangdong province drops behind the outstanding institutions in China, and has to be promoted with the efforts of supervision facilities and etc.

Colorectal cancer is currently one of the most common digestive system tumors, and the liver is the most common metastatic site of colorectal cancer. In recent years, with the continuous development of the multidisciplinary treatment for colorectal cancer patients, there are quite a few cases of disappearing liver metastases (DLM) after receiving preoperative chemotherapy (or combined targeted drug therapy), and the diagnosis and treatment of DLM is currently still a very challenging and controversial topic. This article sorts out the related researches on DLM in recent years, mainly including the following 4 aspects: (1) The factors associated with DLM, including the size and number of liver metastases, chemotherapy regimens and cycles, targeted therapy drugs, and the pattern of liver metastases, Ras/Braf status and the location of the primary lesion. (2) The relationship between DLM and true complete response (pathological complete response and persistent clinical complete response), and the related predictive factors of pathological complete response. (3) Clinical evaluation of DLM: preoperative evaluation includes ultrasound, CT, MRI, and PET, while intraoperative evaluation includes intraoperative exploration, intraoperative ultrasound, and augmented reality. (4) DLM treatment strategies, including surgical treatment, local treatment, non-surgical treatment and individualized treatment.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to identify short-term result of cell transplantation in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) patients who were treated by intracoronary transplantation of autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells (BMCs) in addition to standard therapy.

METHODSBased on given standard therapy, eighteen patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy were enrolled and divided into transplantation group and control group. The clinical characteristics of two groups were comparable. Among these patients, 10 patients were performed percutaneous coronary autologous BMCs transplantation. Blood routine test, hepatic function, renal function, glucose, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, low density cholesterol (LDL), high density cholesterol (HDL), uric acid (UA) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured at the time point of pre-operation and some time after transplantation. All patients were monitored under ultrasonic cardiography, Holter, six-minute-walk test and magnetic resonance imaging over a period of at least 6 months. Annual hospital days were recorded during two-year follow-up.

RESULTSBlood routine test, hepatic function, renal function, glucose, TG, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, UA and hsCRP had no significant differences among 48 hours, 3 months and 6 months after transplantation compared with control and pre-transplantation (P > 0.05). Six-minute-walk distance elevated significantly six months after BMCs transplantation compared with control and pre-transplantation [(494.3 +/- 62.8) m vs (307.2 +/- 75.0) m, (321.5 +/- 63.7) m, P < 0.05]. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the sizes of LVEDd had no significant changes compared with that of control and pre-transplantation (P > 0.05). Myocardium lesion area measured by (MRI) seemed decrease in transplantation group compared with that of control and pre-operation [(4.96 +/- 0.47) cm(2) vs (5.12 +/- 0.54) cm(2), (5.02 +/- 0.39) cm(2), P > 0.05], but there was no significance. None of proarrhythmias and side effects had been observed around transplantation and 2 years follow-up. There was no significant difference in survival between two groups in 2 years follow-up. Interestingly, annual hospital day in BMCs transplantation patients was significantly shorter than that in control group [(30.2 +/- 11.2) d vs (43.6 +/- 9.8) d, P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONSAutologous bone marrow mononuclear cells transplantation can prolong six-minute-walk, decrease re-hospitalization rate, elevate exercise ability and help to improve cardiac function in patients with IDC. In addition, it was demonstrated that cell transplantation is safe.

The aim of this study was to detect the expression level of eIF4E gene in patients with non-treated, remission and non-remission/relapse acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and other non-malignant haematologic diseases so as to analyze and reveal the relationship of eIF4E gene expression with AML progression. SYBR Green I RT-PCR was used to assay the expression level of eIF4E mRNA extracted from bone marrow mononuclear cells in 30 patients with AML (6 in M2, 5 in M3, 8 in M4, 10 in M5, 1 in M6) and 20 patients with non-malignant hematologic diseases. The β2-microglubin(β2M) was used as internal reference and the formula 2(-ΔCt)×100% was applied to calculate the expression level of eIF4E gene. The results showed that the eIF4E expression level (7.098 ± 5.544)% in patients with non-treated and non-remitted/relapsed AML was significantly higher than that in patients with remission (0.964 ± 0.312)% (P < 0.01) and non-malignant hematologic diseases (0.248 ± 0.163)% (P < 0.01). There was no difference between latter two group patients, even though the expression level of eIF4E gene in patients with M4 and M5 was higher. As compared with non-malignant hematologic diseases, the expression level of eIF4E gene of patients with remission patients showed no significant difference. It is concluded that the over-expression of eIF4E gene has been found in patients with AML, and its level obviously decreases along with remission of disease, thus the eIF4E gene may be a surveillance parameter for disease progression.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Disease Progression ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) have emerged as promising therapy for immune and inflammatory diseases. However, how to maintain the activity and unique properties during cold storage and transportation is one of the key factors affecting the therapeutic efficiency of hUCMSCs. Schisandrin B (SchB) has many functions in cell protection as a natural medicine. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of SchB on the hypothermic preservation of hUCMSCs. METHODS: hUCMSCs were isolated from Wharton’s jelly. Subsequently, hUCMSCs were exposed to cold storage (4 °C) and 24-h re-warming. After that, cells viability, surface markers, immunomodulatory effects, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial integrity, apoptosis-related and antioxidant proteins expression level were evaluated. RESULTS: SchB significantly alleviated the cells injury and maintained unique properties such as differentiation potential, level of surface markers and immunomodulatory effects of hUCMSCs. The protective effects of SchB on hUCMSCs after hypothermic storage seemed associated with its inhibition of apoptosis and the anti-oxidative stress effect mediated by nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 signaling. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate SchB could be used as an agent for hypothermic preservation of hUCMSCs.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Robotics

Objective: To investigate the distribution of HIV-1 genetic subtypes and pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) among men who have sex with men (MSM) from 19 cities of 6 provinces in China. Methods: From April to November 2019, 574 plasma samples of ART-naive HIV-1 infected MSM were collected from 19 cities in Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong provinces, total ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted and amplified the HIV-1 pol gene region by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after reverse transcription. Then sequences were used to construct a phylogenetic tree to determine genetic subtypes and submitted to the Stanford drug resistance database for drug resistance analysis. Results: A total of 479 samples were successfully amplified by PCR. The HIV-1 genetic subtypes included CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, B, CRF55_01B, CRF59_01B, CRF65_cpx, CRF103_01B, CRF67_01B, CRF68_01B and unrecognized subtype, which accounted for 43.4%, 36.3%, 6.3%, 5.9%, 0.8%, 0.8%, 0.4%, 0.4%, 0.2% and 5.5%, respectively. The distribution of genetic subtypes among provinces is statistically different (χ²=44.141, P<0.001). The overall PDR rate was 4.6% (22/479), the drug resistance rate of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors were 3.5% (17/479), 0.8% (4/479) and 0.2% (1/479), respectively. The PDR rate of recent infections was significantly higher than that of long-term infections (χ²=4.634, P=0.031). Conclusions: The HIV-1 genetic subtypes among MSM infected with HIV-1 from 19 cities of 6 provinces in China are diverse, and the distribution of subtypes is different among provinces. The overall PDR rate is low, while the PDR rate of recent infections was significantly higher than that of long-term infections, suggesting the surveillance of PDR in recent infections should be strengthened.
China/epidemiology* ; Cities ; Drug Resistance ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics* ; Female ; Genotype ; HIV Infections/epidemiology* ; HIV Seropositivity/drug therapy* ; HIV-1/genetics* ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Sexual and Gender Minorities