During L-lactic acid fermentation with Rhizopus oryzae,there existed a branch pathway by which pyruvate was transformed to eth- anol catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase(PDC)and alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH),thus decreasing the flux of pyruvate to lactic acid.In this study,the spores of Rhizopus oryzae AS3.3462 mutagenized with nitrosoguanidine(NTG),the appropriate dosage was 0.15 mg/mL and the lethal rate was 70%～80%.Two mutants,named mut-1 and mut-2,with decreased ADH activity were screened out by yeast peptone dextrose(YPD)agar medium containing allyl alcohol.These two mutants had decreased ADH activities of 41.63% and 50.29% compared with the parent strain.The fermentation behavior after 72h showed that the yields of ethanol produced by mut-1 and mut-2 were 4.87g/L and 6.56g/L respectively,while the wild type strain was 28.9g/L,and the lactate concentrations of mut-1 and mut-2 also increased from 40.31g/L to 54.45g/L and 44.07 g/L,respectively.It is also found that mut-1 and mut-2 had a high reducing sugar consumption rate and biomass accumulation than its present strain

Objective: To study the effect of the ryegrass powder on the insulin resistance in obese rats. Method: Thirty four Wistar rats were divided into three groups by random:control group fed with normal diet, both obese group and ryegrass powder group fed with high lipid diet for 6 w and then the ryegrass powder group fed ryegrass powder of 0 and 2 g/(kg bw?d) respectively for 4 w. Then blood lipids, glucose,free fatty acid and insulin were measured. Euglycemic clamp technique was used. Results: The blood glucose, insulin, TG, TCH, LDL and FFA of the obese group were obviously (P

Objective To discuss the validity and the feasibility of modified specific immunotherapy of hypoglossis allergen in the treatment of children allergic asthma. Methods 100 children with allergic asthma were selected from October,2007 to April ,2008 in our hospital and divided into the observation group and the control group. The control group adopted routine method, the observation group made modifi-cation based upon routine nursing, placing emphasis on intervention of cognition and behavior of children and their parents, improvement of treatment compliance, whole- process, dynamic and continuous observa-tion of the treatment process, making individualized health education plan. The treatment compliance, total score of asthma control, and pulmonary function examination of impulse oscillation(IOS) were compared be-tween the two groups. Results The observation group was superior to the control group in treatment com-pliance, pulmonary function examination and the control results of asthma. Conclusions Specific im-munotherapy of hypoglossis allergen combined with modified nursing method can increase treatment com-pliance of children and lead to better results.

Objective: To observe the therapeutic action of earth enteral nutrition after jejunum interposition in patients with carcinoma of gastric cardia.Methods: Sixty-two patients after jejunum interposition were divided into early enteral nutrition group(n=33) and parenteral alimentation group(n=29).The clinical observation index and nutrition index were compared between the two groups.Results: The enteral nutrition group had more advantages than the parenteral alimentation group in the aspects of clinical observation index postoperative complication and nutrition index.Conclusion: Early enteral nutrition could improve gastrointestinal function and nutritional state and decrease the incidence rate of postoperative complication.

Background As a new tonometer,it is necessary to assess the clinical value of Icare rebound tonometer.Objective This study was to compare the intraocular pressure(IOP)values measured by Icare with that measured by GAT,and discuss the clinical value of leare rebound tonometer. Methods IOP measurement was performed on 152 eyes of 78 subjects with suspicious glaucoma,glaucoma,refractive error and normal examinnee by Icare and GAT respectively.The Icare IOP was measured firstly and then the GAT IOP was carried out with the 3-or 5-minute interval.The IOP values were compared between Ieare and GAT.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Wuhan General Hospital of Chinese PLA.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to this study. Results The mean IOP values of Icare and GAT were(19.16±5.03)mmHg and(18.41±4.52)mmHg respectively.The differences between Icare IOP and CAT IOP were less than or equal to 1 mmHg in 96 of 105 eyes(63.2%).The positive correlation was found between the Icare IOP and GAT IOP(r=0.940,P<0.01).The Ieare IOP was lower than that of GAT when IOPIcare<16 mmHg,however,the IOP of Icare were higher when IOPIcare≥6 mmHg;the IOP of Icare were higher than that of GAT in the total CCT range.The correlation coefficients of IOP of Icare or CAT with CCT were 0.341(P<0.01)and 0.333(P<0.01),respectively. Conclusion Compared with GAT,Icare is more feasible in clinic because it is practicable and reliable.

Autoimmune encephalitis is a kind of inflammatory disease of central nervous system caused by abnormal immune response of body immune system to neuronal antigen,and is generally considered to be reversible encephalitis caused by noninfectious factors.Its characteristic manifestations include acute and subacute onset of cognitive dysfunction,epilepsy and mental disorder.With the discovery of related antibodies,summaries of clinical syndrome and application of new functional imaging instruments,the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis is increasingly standardized.The priority treatment of autoimmune encephalitis is immunomodulatory therapy,including glucocorticoid,immunoglobulin,plasma exchange and immunosuppressant.The other treatments could be the related tumor resection,electroshock therapy,etc.The symptoms in most patients can get substantial relief with active treatment.The present paper would focus on the research progress in treatment of autoimmune encephalitis.

Objective To investigate associations of UC with the polymorphisms of TRAIL receptors.Methods From January 2008 to December 2012, 380 consecutive UC patients [215 males and 165 females, the average age was (42.63 ±14.61) years] as well as 539 sex-and age-matched healthy individuals [290 males and 249 females, the average age was (41.29 ±15.86) years] were recruited from four large scale comprehensive hospitals in Wenzhou city.Five single nucleotide polymorphisms of DR4 (rs20575, rs13278062), DR5(rs1047266), DcR2(rs1133782) and OPG (rs3102735) were detected by a SNaPshot technique.Distributions of mutant alleles and genotypes for targeted polymorphisms in TRAIL receptors were analyzed by Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test. By means of unconditional Logistic regression analysis, it evaluated associations between the polymorphisms and the risk of UC attack as well as the clinical features of UC patients.Furthermore, an unconditional Logistic multiple regression analysis was employed to investigate the independent risk factors of UC and their multiplicative interaction effects on UC.Results The frequencies of mutant allele (G) and genotype (CG+GG) of DR4(rs20575) were higher in UC patients than those in the controls (3.55%vs 1.95%,χ2 =4.512, P=0.034;6.58%vs 3.71%,χ2=3.938, P=0.047, respectively).However, the frequeucies of mutant allele ( A) and genotype ( GA+AA) of DcR2(rs1133782) were decreased in UC patients compared to the controls(6.18%vs 9.09%,χ2=5.183, P=0.023; 11.32% vs 17.44%, χ2 =6.589, P=0.010, respectively).The frequencies of mutant allele (T) and homozygote (TT) of OPG(rs3102735) were significantly higher in UC patients than in the controls (86.32% vs 81.54%, χ2 =7.385, P=0.007;75.26% vs 66.98%, χ2 =7.346, P=0.007, respectively) .Furthermore, the genotype (GG) of DcR2 (rs1133782) was found to be the independent risk factor for UC attack (OR=4.937, 95%CI:2.320-10.504, P<0.001).Moreover, the (GG) of DcR2(rs1133782) and (CC) of DR4(rs20575) had an interactive effect on UC (OR=0.322, 95%CI:0.164-0.633, P=0.001).The same conclusion was drawn for the ( GG) of DR4( rs20575) and (TT) of OPG(rs3102735) (OR=1.580, 95%CI:1.165-2.144, P=0.003).Conclusions The genetic polymorphisms of DR4 ( rs20575 ) , DcR2 ( rs1133782 ) and OPG ( rs3102735 ) were associated with UC. The mutation of DcR2(rs1133782) might play a protective role in UC.Moreover, the DcR2(rs1133782) and DR4(rs20575) gene had a collaborative effect on UC.So did the DR4(rs20575) and OPG(rs3102735) genes.

Using the superabsorbent of starch graft sodium acrylate copolymer as the only carbon source, 4 excellent strains which can utilize the synthesized superabsorbent were obtained from soil after one month's screening and purification, then the taxa of the strain were identified, i.e., two kind of actinomycetes, yeast and mould.The result shows that the superabsorbent can be degraded successfully.

A new thermophilic fungus J18 isolated from the soil samples was identified as Paecilomyces thermophila. This strain produced effectively xylanase utilizing several lignocellulosic materials in the solid-state fermentation (SSF) , and wheat straw was the best carbon source. The results of single-factor-experiment showed that the wheat straw of particle size 0. 3 mm ~ 0.45 mm, initial moisture content of 83% , initial pH of 7. 0 and cultivation temperature of 50℃were the optimal conditions for xylanase production. Under the optimized conditions, it produced 18 580 U/g dry substrate after 8 days of cultivation. Therefore, xylanase production by Paecilomyces thermophila in SSF possess great potential for commercial applications.

Objective To establish real-time PCR with SYBR Green Ⅰ for quantification the gene of survivin.Methods The components and conditions of PCR system were optimally determined by fluorescence intensity,cycle threshold(Ct),melting curve,coefficiency and slope of the standard curve.The means to eliminate the contaminating fluorescence of primer-dimers and the mode for Ct value determination were also optimized.Using the developed PCR system,we quantificated the survivin gene in 43 patients with gastric carcinoma.Results The optimized condition for PCR amplification of survivin were 2 mmol/L of MgCl_2,2.5 U/100 ?l of Taq DNA polymerase,0.2 ?mol/L of primers,and the optimized annealing temperatures for PCR were 58℃.The influence of primer dimmer can be eliminated by setting the fluorescence collecting temperature below the Tm of the specific amplicon by 2℃.The second derivative maximum mode,instead of fit point mode,was a feasible method to determine the Ct value for quantification.The sensitivity of this method was 10 copies/?l,and a good linearity was found from 10~1 to 10~4 copies/?l(r = 0.999 7).The inter-experimental coefficient of variation was 1.13%-1.91%,whereas the coefficient of variation between runs was 3.31%-4.50%.Using the optimized PCR system,we quantificated the gene of survivin,the result indicated that survivin gene was amplified in 13.9% of gastric carcinomas.Conclusions The optimal real-time PCR with SYBR Green Ⅰ,as a cost-effective and feasible DNA quantitative method,is fit for quantification of the survivin with satisfactory repeatability and high sensitivity.