BACKGROUND: As magnetic resonance (MR) contrast, a large number of clinical and experimental researches have been done on superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), while the report on the labeled cell passaged cells is rare.OBJECTIVE: MR imaging was performed to the labeled bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its passaged cells in vitro, in order to establish the base of monitoring magnetic labeled BMSCs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The cytological in vitro experiment was performed at the Imaging Research Institute and Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology of North Sichuan Medical College Hospital from June 2006 to January 2007. MATERIALS: Two clean female albino rats (Animal Center, North Sichuan Medical College), SPIO (Schering AG,Germany) were used in this study.METHODES: Bilateral femur and tibia bone marrow was extracted from rats. BMSCs were harvested and purified using the adherent method, and then labeled with 600 μL ferric oxide-polylysine compound (42 mg/L iron concentration) in vitro. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell maker-positive rate and the MR signal intensity were respectively measured to the labeled cells and its passaged cells under the inverted microscope and magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Following Prussian blue staining, labeling rate of SPIO labeled cells at the first passage was 100%. With increased passage, the labeling rate was reduced from the first to fifth passages. Compared with non-labeled PBS control, there was no significant difference in signal intensity in the first and second passages cells, but the signal intensity percentage was gradually decreased with signal intensity of increased cell passage from the third passage. Cell labeling rate was negatively correlated with T2~*WI signal intensity (r=-0.986 6, P <0.005). CONCLUSION: The iron particles in the magnetic labeled cells can be passaged to the offspring cells, and can be monitored in a certain period of time with MRI in vitro. These results firstly introduced that SPIO-labeled cell iron particles can decrease with cell passage.

Objective To explore the optimal situation of labeling bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with superparamagnetic iron oxides (SPIO) mediated by poly-L-lysine (PLL), and determine the most optimal protocol of magnetic resonance imaging according to the patterns of MR in vitro. Methods BMSCs were isolated from white rat and purified, incubated with SPIO-PLL complexes at the range of concentrations (0, 4.2, 8.4, 21, 42, 84 ?g Fe per ml medium). The labeling ratio and distribution of SPIO particles in BMSCs, and the morphological evidence of abnormal visualization were evaluated by Prussian blue staining, fluorescent microscope and electron microscopy. MTT growth curves and magnetic resonance imagings were obtained at the range of concentrations. Trypan blue exclusion test was performed to elevate the viability of BMSCs labeled with PLL at the range of concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0 ?g PLL per ml medium). Results The cellular labeling ratio was strongly correlated to the concentrations of SPIO (P

Objective To investigate the significance of calcification in thyroid node for diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.Method Retrospective analysis of 107 thyroid nodules' pre-operative ultrasonic and postoperative pathologic results.Results Total ultrasonic thyroid calcification ratio was 27.1%(29/107),which in benign samples was lower than Ihat in malignant samples(17.2%vs 70.0%,P＜0.01).Micro-calci-fication ratio in benign samples Was lower than thai:in malignanl samples(8.0%vs 50.0%,P＜0.01).Conclusion The ralio of thyroid carcinoma with calcification is higher,so the detection of thyroid carcinoma,especially micro-single-calcification should be significant.

Background As a new tonometer,it is necessary to assess the clinical value of Icare rebound tonometer.Objective This study was to compare the intraocular pressure(IOP)values measured by Icare with that measured by GAT,and discuss the clinical value of leare rebound tonometer. Methods IOP measurement was performed on 152 eyes of 78 subjects with suspicious glaucoma,glaucoma,refractive error and normal examinnee by Icare and GAT respectively.The Icare IOP was measured firstly and then the GAT IOP was carried out with the 3-or 5-minute interval.The IOP values were compared between Ieare and GAT.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Wuhan General Hospital of Chinese PLA.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to this study. Results The mean IOP values of Icare and GAT were(19.16±5.03)mmHg and(18.41±4.52)mmHg respectively.The differences between Icare IOP and CAT IOP were less than or equal to 1 mmHg in 96 of 105 eyes(63.2%).The positive correlation was found between the Icare IOP and GAT IOP(r=0.940,P<0.01).The Ieare IOP was lower than that of GAT when IOPIcare<16 mmHg,however,the IOP of Icare were higher when IOPIcare≥6 mmHg;the IOP of Icare were higher than that of GAT in the total CCT range.The correlation coefficients of IOP of Icare or CAT with CCT were 0.341(P<0.01)and 0.333(P<0.01),respectively. Conclusion Compared with GAT,Icare is more feasible in clinic because it is practicable and reliable.

Objective:To analyze the expression of E-cadherin in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in neuroblastoma.Methods:TGF-β1(1 μg/L, 5 μg/L, 10 μg/L), was applied to SK-N-SH cells in vitro compared with the blank control group.EMT-related genes mRNA and protein expression were detected by carrying out real-time PCR assays and Western blot.A scratch test and migration assay were performed to verify the alteration of SK-N-SH cell migration capacity.Data collected from 18 cases of neuroblastoma patients were selected from the Department of Hematology Oncology, Shanghai Children′s Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012.The expression of E-cadherin in the tumor tissue of the neuroblastoma patients after operation was detected by immunohistochemistry.The clinical features and survival prognosis of these patients were analyzed. Results:Compared with the control group, after SK-N-SH cells were treated with TGF-β1(1 μg/L, 5 μg/L, 10 μg/L), real-time PCR assays and Western blot revealed that the mRNA(0.603±0.081, 0.606±0.008, 0.716±0.166 vs.1.000) and protein expression levels(0.855±0.026, 0.600±0.017, 0.495±0.011 vs.1.000) of E-cadherin were significantly decreased ( F=8.144, P=0.040; F=74.810, P<0.001), while the mRNA(2.132±0.167, 3.494±0.017, 4.184±0.021 vs.1.000) and protein expression levels (1.175±0.053, 1.189±0.058, 1.225±0.106 vs.1.000)of α - smooth muscle actin were significantly increased ( F=547.300, P<0.001; F=68.810, P=0.007), suggesting that EMT changes occur in cells.Scratch test and Transwell migration assay revealed that the number of migrating cells increased obvious with the treatment of TGF-β1 (5 μg/L) ( t=16.070, P=0.040). The 10-year overall survival(OS) rates of neuroblastoma patients with E-cadherin strong positive expression, positive expression, weak positive expression and negative expression in the pathology were (77.78±13.86)%, (75.00±21.66)%, (25.00±21.65)% and 0, respectively ( F=8.160, P=0.040). Conclusions:TGF-β1 can induce the EMT in SK-N-SH cells and increase cell migration.The decrease expression of E-cadherin in neuroblastoma patients is closely associated with clinical progress and recurrence or metastasis of the disease.

Objective To analyze the clinical data of children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH),to discuss the therapeutic effect,and to analyze the factors related to prognosis.Methods A total of 45 children diagnosed as LCH were divided into group A (18 cases with bone lesion only),group B(6 cases with soft tissue lesion),and group C (21 cases with viscera lesion) according to Shanghai Children's Hospital-LCH-2007 scheme [SCH-LCH-2007 (modified DAL-HX83/90) scheme].(1) Initial treatment:group A was treated with Prednisone (Pred) + Vincristine (VCR) for 28 weeks,and group B was treated with Pred + VCR + Etoposide (VP16) + Mercaptopurine (6MP) for 43 weeks,and group C was treated with Pred + VCR + VP16 + Methotrexate (MTX) +6MP for 52 weeks.(2) Re-treatment scheme after relapse included:①upgrading treatment,group A to group B,group B to group C.②Individual treatment for group C included VP16 modification,and maintained Thymosin and/or Ciclosporin etc.Results The total survival rate was 93.3％ (42/45 cases) and recurrence rate was 26.7％ (12/45 cases).Children in group A and B were all effective,while 2 patients in group C died,and 1 case missed follow-up.Multi-factor analysis showed that the factors like age,sex,group,skeleton,soft tissue,erythra,lymph gland,lung,mouth,ears,hypophysis pituitary had no statistical significance,but liver,spleen and blood involvement had statistical significance in disease relapse:liver (P=0.007 1),spleen (P=0.016 9),and blood (P=0.011 1).Conclusion LCH can affect several organs of children and relapse,and modified DAL-HX83/90 scheme is very effective.The liver,spleen and hematopoiesis system involvement is correlates with the relapse.

Objective To test the in vitro susceptibility to macrolides of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) isolates, screen resistant Ct strains, and to explore resistance mechanism at the molecular level. Methods A total of 42 Ct strains were isolated from cervical or urethral swab samples and propagated in McCoy cells until the infection rate reached more than 90%. Then, susceptibility test was performed to evaluate the activity of three macrolides. Reverse transcription PCR and PCR were used to amplify two macrolide-resistance related genes, i.e., 23S rRNA gene and L4 gene, respectively in 2 erythromycin-resistant Ct strains and 4 erythromycin-sensitive strains followed by direct sequencing. Results The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) varied from 0.5 to 2 mg/L for erythromycin, 0.008 to 0.032 mg/L for clarithromycin, 0.125 to 0.5 mg/Lfor azithromycin. Erythromycin resistance was found in 2 isolates with the MIC value being 2 mg/L. Two mutations, C2452A and T2611A/C (Escherichia coli numbering) in the 23S rRNA gene, were detected in the resistant strains only, while the other 2 mutations, Pro113Leu and Pro156 Ala in L4 gene, were observed in all the tested strains. Conclusions Erythromycin-resistant Ct strains have emerged in clinical settings. The low-level erythromycin resistance may be associated with C2452A and T261 1C mutations in the 23S rRNA gene, whereas the point mutations in L4 gene is unlikely related to erythromycin resistance.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of different treatment regimens for children with acute promye-locytic leukemia (APL)with positive PML -RARa fusion gene.Methods Thirty -two newly diagnosed APL patients were included in this study,treated either with all -trans -retinoic acid (ATRA)and chemotherapy (CT)(group A) or with ATRA and arsenic trioxide (ATO)(group B).Clinical situation and clinical efficacy were analyzed in patients in different groups.They were also separated into low risk group,intermediate risk group and high risk group according to different risk criteria.Clinical characteristics,complete remission,long -time survival and urine arsenic concentra-tion were analyzed and compared.Results (1 )Fourteen of 1 5 patients (93.3%)in group A achieved hematological complete remission (HCR)with a median time of 38 days (28 -63 days).Sixteen of 1 7 patients (94.1 %)in group B achieved HCR with a median time of 29 days (1 0 -42 days),which was significantly shorter than group A,and there was a significant difference between 2 groups(t =3.53,P =0.002).(2)The 5 -year event -free survival (EFS)of group A and group B was (60.0 ±1 2.6)% and (81 .9 ±9.5)%,respectively;the 5 -year EFS of group B was almost 20% higher than group A;while there was no significant difference between the 2 groups(χ2 =1 .1 5,P =0.28).The 5 -year overall survival (OS)of group A and group B was (72.2 ±1 1 .9)% and (94.1 ±5.7)%,respectively,the 5 -year OS of group B was almost 20% higher than group A;while there was no significant difference between the 2 groups(χ2 =2.88,P =0.1 6).(3)The 5 -year EFS of low plus intermediate group and high risk group patients was (74.0 ±1 0.1 )% and (64.8 ±1 4.3)%,the 5 -year EFS of low plus intermediate group was almost 1 0% higher than high risk group,but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups(χ2 =0.1 4,P =0.71 ).The 5 -year OS of low plus intermediate group and high risk group patients was (84.7 ±8.1 )% and (71 .3 ±1 4.1 )%,the 5 -year OS of low plus intermediate group was almost 1 0% higher than high risk group,while there was no significant difference be-tween the 2 groups(χ2 =0.36,P =0.55).(4)ATO related side effects were mild,including abnormal liver tests and e-lectrocardiogram,but were invertible after supportive therapy.At the end of each chemotherapy course,the urine arsenic concentration remained low and no chronic arsenic toxicity or second malignancies were found during the follow -up period.Conclusions The ATRA plus ATO regimen is a promising and better treatment for childhood APL with positive PML -RARa fusion gene compared with conventional chemotherapy.It was necessary to take risk stratification in APL patients.

Objective To evaluate the reliability of mannitol for fluid responsiveness test in the patients undergoing intracranial surgery.Methods Sixty-two ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-64 yr,with body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2,scheduled for elective intracranial surgery,were enrolled in the study.The patients were mechanically ventilated after induction of anesthesia.The radial artery and central vein were cannulated,and FloTracTM/VigileoTM system was connected for stroke volume variation monitoring.Before infusion of mannitol,effective circulating blood volume was confirmed according to stroke volume variation.20％ mannitol 250 ml was infused over 20 min starting from onset of craniotomy.The fluid responsiveness test was recorded at the end of mannitol infusion.Results The sensitivity of fluid responsiveness test was 43％,and the specificity of fluid responsiveness test was 44％.Conclusion Mannitol can not be used for fluid responsiveness test in the patients undergoing intracranial surgery.

Objective To observe the effect of surface electromyographic biofeedback on the pharyngeal phase activities in patients with dysphagia after stroke. Methods Seventy-six consecutive patients with pharyngeal dysphagia after stroke admitted to the departments of rehabilitation and neurology,brain hospital affiliated to nanjing medical university from August 2014 to February 2015 were enrolled retrospectively. After excluding 40 patients,the remaining 36 patients were divided into either a conventional training group (n =19)or a biofeedback group (n =17)by using the random number table. The patients of the conventional training group received swallowing function training only,while those of the biofeedback group also received the surface electromyographic biofeedback treatment on the basis of the therapy program of the conventional training group. The patients of both groups were treated 6 times a week for 4 weeks. The assessment of swallowing angiography,the digital measurement and analysis were performed before and after treatment. The outcome measures included the degree of openness of upper esophageal sphincter (UES),0pharyngeal transit time (PTT),and the maximum displacement of the hyoid bone (HmaxD). Results (1)The proportions of UES complete opening of the conventional training group before and after training were 26. 3% (5 / 19)and 47. 4% (9 / 19)respectively. There was significant difference between before and after training (χ2 = 5. 08, P =0.020). The proportions of UES complete opening of the biofeedback group before and after training were 47.1% (8/ 17)and 82.4% (14/ 17)respectively. There was significant difference between before training and after training (χ2 =11.46,P = 0. 001). There was no significant difference in the degrees of UES complete opening before training between the conventional training group and the biofeedback group (P >0. 05). There was significant difference in the degree of UES complete opening after training between the 2 groups (χ2 =4. 63,P = 0. 040). (2)PTT of the conventional training group before and after training was 0.24 ±0.07 and 0.19 ±0.06 s respectively. PTT of the biofeedback before and after training was 0.23 ±0.06 and 0. 15 ± 0. 05 s. There was significant difference between before training and after training (F = 154. 50,P = 0. 000). There was no significant difference in PTT before training between the conventional training group and the biofeedback group (P > 0. 05). There was significant difference in PTT after training between the 2 groups (F =4.66,P = 0. 038). (3)The HmaxD distances of the conventional training group before and after training were 0. 5 ± 0. 4 and 0. 9 ± 0. 4 cm respectively,the PTT of the biofeedback training before and after training was 0. 6 ± 0. 4 and 1. 3 ± 0. 6 cm respectively. There was significant difference between before training and after training (F = 137. 56,P = 0. 000). There was no significant difference in the HmaxD distance of the conventional training group and the biofeedback training group before training (P > 0. 05). There was significant difference in the HmaxD distance after training between the 2 groups (F = 4. 29,P = 0. 033). Conclusion The surface electromyographic biofeedback therapy in combination with the conventional swallowing training for the treatment of dysphagia after stroke has the synergistic efficacy.