OBJECTIVETo investigate the variation of bone marrow complement level in cytopenia patients with positive BMMNC-Coombs test (CBCPC), and probe the role of complement in destroying hematopoietic cells of CBCPC patients.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-four patients with CBCPC and twenty-three healthy donors as controls were enrolled in this study. The levels of CH50, C3, C4, C5b-9 were tested with ELISA. The auto-antibodies on bone marrow hematopoietic cells (BMHC) were examined with flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe level of C5b-9 in bone marrow (BM) of untreated CBCPC patients [(119.8+/-54.0) microg/L] was significantly higher than that of recovered patients [(100.7+/-33.4) microg/L] or normal controls [(93.9+/-28.8) microg/L] (P<0.05). The levels of CH50 in BM of untreated or recovered CBCPC patients [(33.3+/-11.5) kU/L, (30.8+/-10.3) kU/L] were significantly higher than that of normal controls [(24.1+/-6.4) kU/L] (P<0.05). The level of C3 in BM of untreated or recovered CBCPC patients [(4.9+/-2.2) mg/L], (5.0+/-3.5) mg/L] was significantly lower than that of normal controls [(7.0+/-5.6) mg/L] (P<0.05). The level of complement in peripheral blood was consistent with that in BM. CH50 in BM of CBCPC patients was negatively correlated with their C3 (r=-0.303, P=.0007) and positively correlated with their C5b-9 (r=0.241, P=0.003) levels. The level of C5b-9 in BM of CBCPC patients was higher in the BMHC-IgM positive group [(117.6+/-55.7) microg/L] than in the BMHC- IgM negative group [(99.2+/-26.2) microg/L] (P<0.05). The positive rate of CD34(+)-IgG or CD34(+)-IgM of CBCPC patients was positively correlated with their C5b-9 level (r=0.593, P=0.000, r=0.326, P=0.049). The reticulocyte percentage (r=0.421, P=0.000) and serum indirect bilirubin level (r=0.230, P=0.032) of CBCPC patients were positively correlated with their CH50 level.

CONCLUSIONSThe hematocytopenia of CBCPC patients might be related to the hematopoietic cells destruction caused by auto-antibody activated complements.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; immunology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Complement System Proteins ; metabolism ; Coombs Test ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancytopenia ; immunology ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the safety of mefformin in the treatment of elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods Two hundred and forty-three cases of elderly T2DM hospitalized from Jan.1996 to Dec. 2006 were reviewed; the changes of fasting blood glucose(FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), liver and renal function and blood lactic acid were evaluate before and after treatment. Results The mean time of treatment with mefformin was (6.6±3.9) years (3 months-21 years)in these 243 cases. The levels of FBG, PBG and HbAlc significantly reduced after treatment with mefformin only in 43 cases (17.7%), mefformin combined with other oral hypoglycemic drugs in 124 cases (51.0%) and mefformin combined with insulin in 76 cases (31.3%). There was only 18.1% of the cases with normal range ( > 80 ml/min) of creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), and 25.8% of the cases with Ccr≤50 ml/min. The liver and renal function as well as the blood lactic acid had no significant change after treatment no matter in total cases or in different groups separated by Ccr.Conclusions Mefformin is safety in the treatment of elderly T2DM patients. Ageing is not the contraindication of mefformin. To the patients with high risk, we should monitoring the level of blood lactic acid.

BACKGROUNDThis study was undertaken to obtain differentially expressed genes related to human glioma by cDNA microarray and the characterization of a novel full-length gene.

METHODSTotal RNA was extracted form human glioma and normal brain tissue, and mRNA was used as a probe. The results of hybridization procedure were scanned with the computer system. The gene named 507E08 cone was subsequently analyzed by northern blot, bioinformatic approach, and protein expression.

RESULTSFifteen differentially expressed genes were obtained from human glioma by hybridization and scanning for four times. Northern blot analysis confirmed that the 507E08 clone was low expressed in human brain tissue and over expressed in human glioma tissues. The analysis of BLASTn and BLASTx showed that the 507E08 clone was a novel full-length gene, which codes 203 amino acid of protein and is called human ribosomal protein 14.22 gene. The nucleotide sequence had been submitted to the GenBank with the accession number of AF329277. After expression in E. coli., protein yielded a major band of apparent molecular mass 22 kDa on an SDS-PAGE gel.

CONCLUSIONScDNA microarray technology can be successfully used to identify differentially expressed genes. The novel full-length gene of human ribosomal protein 13.22 may be correlated with the development of human glioma.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Glioma ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Ribosomal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of 'erythroblast island (EI)' formation in the bone marrow of patients with immun-related hemocytopenia (IRP).

METHODSThe category of BM-auto antibody (au Ab) in 48 patients with IRP was detected with FCM. The BM-au Ab in the 'EI' of these cases were explored with immuonhistofluorescence (IF). Clinical and laboratory characteristics of these cases were also analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSIgG could be detected in the 'EI' on the BM smear of 14 cases (29.17%), BM-au Ab mainly deposited at the edge/membranes between macrophage and erythroblasts rather than cyto plasm. Positive reaction were seen in all the cases with GlycoAIgG. The red blood cell count [(1.8 ± 0.5) × 10(12)/L] and hemoglobin level [(59.6 ± 16.2)g/L] were significantly lower than that in the IF(-) group [(2.5 ± 0.9) × 10(12)/L and (83.4 ± 25.0) g/L] (P < 0.05). The percentage of reticulocyte [(2.0 ± 0.8)%], serum level of IBIL [(9.4 ± 4.7) µmol/L], percentage of erythroblats in sternum BM (0.441 ± 0.139) and response rate to therapy (85.7%) in IF(+) group were significantly higher than that in IF(-)group [(1.3 ± 1.0)%, (6.6 ± 6.7)µmol/L, 0.298 ± 0.082, 61.3%, respectively] (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMacrophage was connected with erythroblasts through autologous IgG in the 'EI's of some patients with IRP. 'EI' were the places where macrophages devoured and destroyed erythroblasts rather than erythroid development and differentiation. The pathogenetic mechanism of IRP might be associated with macrophages phagocytosing and destroying BM hematopoietic cells.

Blood Cell Count ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Marrow Cells ; immunology ; Coombs Test ; Erythroblasts ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo study the situation of 1- 5-years-old children's antibody against Coxsackievirus A group 16 strain (CVA16) in Guangdong, Heilongjiang,Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, China, 2005, it can offer scientific evidences for preventing and controlling CVA16 causative hand-food and mouth disease.

METHODSUsing microneutrilization test, to study 503 serum samples randomly selected from sera collected in 2005.

RESULTSPositive rate of anti-CVA16 antibody were 41.90%, 9.40%, 40.00% and 34.40% in Guangdong, Heilongjiang,Yunnan and Xinjiang, respectively. Antibody titer was relative low (average, 1: 6.1) and there was no statistical difference of geometry mean of antibody titer (GMT) among Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Yunnan (F = 0.97, 0.40, 1.06, respectively; P > 0.05), while there had statistical difference of GMT between Heilongjiang and other three regions( F = 10.61, P < 0.00).

CONCLUSIONSThere had probably existed local epidemic in some regions of Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, China, 2005 or even before, but the area and degree of transmission and epidemic had difference. Children aged from 1- 5-years-old were relatively susceptible population of CVA16 infection.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus Infections ; epidemiology ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Seroepidemiologic Studies

BACKGROUNDThis investigation was undertaken to obtain differentially expressed genes related to human glioma using cDNA microarray and the characterization of one novel full-length gene.

METHODSTotal RNA was extracted from human glioma tissues and normal brain tissues, and mRNA was used to make probes. After hybridization and washing, the results were scanned using a computer system. The gene named 681F05 clone was an expressed gene to human glioma through four-time hybridization and scanning. Subsequently northern blot analysis was performed by northern blot, 5'RACE and bioinformatics.

RESULTSFifteen differentially expressed genes to human glioma were obtained through four-time hybridization and scanning. Northern blot analysis confirmed that 681F05 clone was low-expressed in human brain tissues and over-expressed in human glioma tissues. The analysis of BLASTn and BLASTx showed that 681F05 clone is two cDNA clones encoding two novel proteins that are highly identified to the cyclophilin isoform 10 of C. Elgans, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed the two cDNA clones are two different splicing variants of a novel cycophilin-like gene (PPIL3a and PPIL3b).

CONCLUSIONScDNA microarray technology can be successfully used to identify differentially expressed genes. The novel full-length gene of human PPIL3 may be correlated with the formation of human glioma.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Cyclophilins ; genetics ; Cyclosporine ; pharmacology ; Glioma ; genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the necessary amount of fluid consisting of electrolyte and colloid, the ratio of electrolyte and colloid used, and the change of blood sodium during early resuscitation in severely burned patients.

METHODSSixty-seven patients with total burn surface area (TBSA) equal to or over 70% and full-thickness area equal to or over 50%TBSA, hospitalized from March 2004 to March 2009, were resuscitated with fluid. The infusion amount of electrolyte, colloid, and water, and urinary output of patients at post injury hour (PIH) 24, 48, and 72 were analyzed retrospectively. The variation in blood sodium and fluid infusion at different time points was recorded. Data were processed with SPSS 13.0 software.

RESULTSAmong the 67 patients, hyponatremia occurred in 9 cases, hypernatremia occurred in 5 cases, and 53 patients had normal blood sodium level. The urinary output of patients within PIH 72 was above 70 mL/h. K value was calculated through the formula: actual total infusion amount of electrolyte and colloid (mL) = burn area (%TBSA) x body weight (kg) x K. In the first 24 PIH, K value was about 1.7, and the ratio of electrolyte and colloid was 1.4. In the second 24 PIH, K value was about 1.3 with electrolyte and colloid ratio 1.6. K value in the third 24 PIH was about 0.9 with electrolyte and colloid ratio 2.0.

CONCLUSIONSThe actual amount of resuscitation fluid is slightly larger than that calculated from traditional formula during the early stage in severely burned patients. The amount of electrolytes and the proportion of electrolyte and colloid will influence blood sodium level of patients.

Adult ; Burns ; blood ; therapy ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sodium ; blood ; Young Adult

AIMTo investigate the changes of the spermatozoa ultrastructures before and after renal transplantation in uremic patients.

METHODSThe sperm of five uremic patients before and after transplantation and four healthy volunteers were collected and examined by scanning electron microscopy.

RESULTSAbnormal spermatozoa were found in patients pre-transplantation; abnormalities included deletion of the acrosome, absence of the postacrosomal and postnuclear ring, dumbbell-like changes of the head, tail curling, and absence of the mitochondrial sheath in the mid-segment. After renal transplantation, most of the spermatozoa became normal.

CONCLUSIONThere are many abnormalities with regard to the appearance and structure of the head, acrosome, mitochondria and tail of the spermatozoa in uremic patients. The majority of the spermatozoa returned to normal after renal transplantation, but a few still presented some abnormalities possibly relating to the administration of immunosuppressants.

Acrosome ; pathology ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; complications ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Renal Dialysis ; Sperm Head ; pathology ; Sperm Tail ; pathology ; Spermatozoa ; pathology ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVETo study the quantity and function of bone marrow (BM) Th17 cells in the blood cytopenia patients with positive BMMNC-Coombs test (IRP) and to explore the role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of the disease.

METHODSForty-three untreated IRP patients, 34 recovered IRP patients and 13 healthy donors were enrolled in this study. The ratio of IL-23R(+)CD4(+)/CD4(+)cells in BM were examined by flow cytometry(FCM), the levels of IL-6, IL-23, IL-17 by ELISA, and the expressions of RORγt mRNA, STAT3 mRNA in BMMNC by semiquantitive RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe ratio of IL-23R(+)CD4(+)/CD4(+)cells [(3.6 ± 3.1)%], the levels of IL-6[(26.21 ± 14.55) µg/L], IL-23[(2.23 ± 0.99) µg/L], IL-17[(2.54 ± 1.33) µg/L] and the expressions of RORγt mRNA (0.25 ± 0.08) and STAT3 mRNA (1.10 ± 0.16) in BMMNC of untreated IRP patients were significantly higher than those of recovered IRP patients[(2.0 ± 1.0)%, (9.08 ± 6.36) µg/L, (0.91 ± 0.76) µg/L, (1.28 ± 0.18) µg/L, 0.12 ± 0.08, 0.97 ± 0.12 respectively] (P < 0.05); there was no significiant difference between those of recovered IRP patients and normal controls [(1.9 ± 1.4)%, (14.63 ± 7.66) µg/L, (1.19 ± 0.98) µg/L, (1.50 ± 0.28) µg/L, 0.07 ± 0.05, 0.95 ± 0.13, respectively] (P > 0.05). In IRP group, there were significantly positive correlations between the ratios of IL-23R(+)CD4(+)/CD4(+)cells and CD5(+)CD19(+)/CD19(+) (P < 0.05), there were significantly positive correlations between the levels of IL-17 and CD5(+)CD19(+)/CD19(+), the quantity of BMMNC-antibody (r = 0.494 and 0.377, respectively) (P < 0.05); and so did between the expressions of RORγt mRNA and the ratio of CD5(+)CD19(+)/CD19(+), the quantity of BMMNC-antibody (r = 0.741 and 0.541, respectively) (P < 0.05), and between the ratio of IL-23R(+)CD4(+)/CD4(+) and the level of IL-17, the expression of STAT3 mRNA (r = 0.438 and 0.448, respectively) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere exists increased qunantity and hyperfunction of Th17 cells in the IRP patients which induce B cells hyperfunction and production of autoantibodies against the BM hematopoietic cells. Th17 cells might be a potential new therapeutic target of IRP.

Coombs Test ; Humans ; Interleukin-17 ; Interleukin-6 ; Pancytopenia ; immunology ; Th17 Cells

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found that polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) exhibits anti-osteoporosis effect, but its therapeutic effect in ovariectomized osteoporotic rats and the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of administration of PSP on the bone microstructure, bone mineral density as well as osteoblast- and osteoclast-related gene expression in rats. METHODS: Twenty-five infertile female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 months were randomly allotted into five groups (n=5 per group): sham operation (same volume normal saline), model, zoledronate (0.2 mg/kg?d), high-dose PSP (800 mg/kg?d) and medium-dose PSP (400 mg/kg?d) groups. All rats were subjected to ovariectomy except sham operation group. The administration was intragastrically given every 2 days beginning at 7 days after modeling and lasted 12 weeks. Then, the rats were sacrificed, and the uterus was weighed. The bilateral tibias were removed, one side for histomorphometric analysis by micro-CT, and the other one for RNA detection by qualified PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the sham operation group, the rat body mass in the model group was significantly increased and the weight of uterus was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, zoledronate and high-dose PSP could significantly alleviate the excessive increase in body mass (P < 0.05). The bone mineral density in the model group was decreased by 63% compared with the sham operation group (P < 0.01), Compared with the model group, after 12-week high-dose PSP and zoledronate administration, the bone mineral density was increased by 44% and 38%, respectively (P < 0.01); the trabecular bone volume fraction and trabecular number rose significantly(P<0.05),while the trabecular separation decreased significantly(P<0.05).In vivo,PSP could significantly promote the expression levels of osteoblast-related genes (alkaline phosphatase, RUNX2, Col1a1 and osteocalcin), and significantly inhibit the expression levels of osteoblast-related genes (ACP5 and CTSK) (P < 0.05). These results imply that high-dose PSP can reduce bone loss and decrease of bone mineral density, improve the destruction of bone microstructure, as well as promote osteoblast-related genes but inhibit osteoclast-related gene mRNA expression in the ovariectomized rats.