Objective T o explore the application value of postm ortem com puted tom ography (C T ) an-giography on diagnosis of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis degree. Methods B ased on the previous ex-perim ental results, the postm ortem C T angiography device of hum an isolated heart w as im proved. D iffer-ent coronary atherosclerotic stenosis degree of sudden death cases w as selected. B efore the cardiac anatom y, hearts w ere rem oved out com pletely and C T angiography w as perform ed im m ediately. T he C T angiography results w ere com pared w ith histopathological findings. M eanw hile, the advantages and disad-vantages of the angiography device before and after im provem ent w ere com pared. Results T he im proved angiography device of isolated heart could get better im aging results. T he postm ortem C T angiography results had high consistency w ith the histopathological findings on diagnosis of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis degree. A nd the coronary artery lesions could be revealed m ore objectively and vividly by 3D reconstruction technology. H ow ever, C T angiography could only be used to exam ine the pathological changes of blood vessels, w hich m ight have som e lim itations on the diagnosis of cause of death. Con-clusion Postm ortem C T angiography can be used as an additional m ethod for the conventional autopsy in the cases of coronary atherosclerosis.

Objective To construct an hybrid bioartificial liver supporting system,and observe its effectiveness and safety on patients with acute on chronic liver failure.Methods Hybrid bioartificial liver supporting system (HBALSS) was constructed using bioreactor with HepG2 cells transfected with human augmenter of liver regeneration (hALR) gene.12 acute on chronic liver failure patients were divided into 2 groups randomly.The treatment group was treated with the hybrid bioartificial liver support system.The group underwent plasma exchange was used as control.Results In the treatment group,four patients recovered,one patient died of hepatic encephalopathy,one patient died of hepatorenal syndrome,one patient recovered,but died of gastrointestnal bleeding after 1 year.In control group,two patients recovered,one patient underwent orthotropic liver transplantation,and three patients died of liver failure.Conclusion The hybrid bioartificial liver supporting system with HepG2 cell line was established successfully and have certain safety and effectiveness on acute on chronic liver failure patients.

OBJECTIVETo find out the optimum extract process for Ligusticum chuanxiong in Gan-ning Granule, and studyed the methods of concentration and dry for the extract.

METHODWith the yield of ferulic acid as the assessment index, to optimize the 80% alcohol totalling, extracting times and circumfluence time for extract process by the orthogonal design, to optimize the inlet-air temperature, feed speed and density of feed for spry drying by the orthogonal design.

RESULTThe optimum procedure was the ferulic acid were extracted for 1 hour with 3 times of 80% alcohol. While extracting times effected it most porminently. The optimal processing conditions of spry drying were inlet-air temperature 120 degrees C, feed speed 8.5 mL x min(-1) and density of feed 1.15, While feed speed effected it most porminently.

CONCLUSIONThe experimental results provide the basis for the extraction process and drying process of the ferulic acid in ligusticum chuanxiong.

Coumaric Acids ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Desiccation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of volatile anesthetics, isoflurane and sevoflurane, on ischemic neurons after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and its possible molecular mechanism.

METHODSRat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was developed by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and bilateral common carotid arteries (CCAs) 1 h after reperfusion. Using flow cytometry (FCM) and Northern blot hybridization, we calculated the number of apoptotic bodies and detected the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) mRNA.

RESULTSThe apoptotic bodies in hippocampus analyzed by FCM peaked at appeared 24 h after reperfusion, and decreased about 54% and 40%, respectively, after treatment with isoflurane and sevoflurane, as compared with ischemic group. There was no significant difference in the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and ICE mRNA between the inhaled anesthetic groups and ischemic group in hippocampus 24 h after MCA/CCAs occlusion.

CONCLUSIONIsoflurane and sevoflurane partially inhibit apoptosis but have no significant effect on the expression of bcl-2 and ICE genes.

Anesthetics, Inhalation ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Caspase 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; pathology ; Isoflurane ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Methyl Ethers ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of AdeABC efflux pump in carbapenems resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in light of the phenotype and genetype of the efflux pump.

METHODSThe phenotype of the efflux pump was detected in 138 clinical isolates of A.baumannii using the efflux pump inhibitor carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). The mRNA expression of pump-encoding gene adeB in the strains was detected using quantitative real-time RT-PCR.

RESULTSOf the 138 strains, 28 showed positivities for AdeABC efflux pump identified by Mueller-Hinton Broth with CCCP. Of the 39 strains resistant to meropenem, 15 (38.4%) showed positive results in CCCP assay, a rate significantly higher than that among the 99 sensitive strains (13.1%, 13/99) (X(2)=12.477(b), P=0.01). The mRNA expression of efflux pump-encoding gene adeB was detected by real-time RT-PCR at a level of 0.899∓∓1.172 in meropenem-sensitive strains, significantly lower than the level of 21.101∓∓21.443 in meropenem-resistant strains (t=4.403, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONSEfflux plays a role in carbapenems resistance in the clinical isolates of A. baumannii. The AdeABC efflux pump may be an important factor in reducing carbapenems sensitivity in A. baumannii.

Acinetobacter baumannii ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carbapenems ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta-Lactam Resistance ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of cytocine deaminase-thymidine kinase (CD-TK) fusion double suicide gene therapy using adenovirus mediated CD-TK gene and green fluorescent rotein (GFP) gene combined with ganciclovir(GCV) or 5-flourocytosine(5-FC) in a murine subcutaneous bladder carcinoma model.

METHODSA replication defective adenovirus vector containing CD-TK gene was used. Subcutaneous tumors were established in syngenic C57BL/6 female mice with 1 x 10(6) Mb49 cells. Intratumoral injection of AdCD-TK (1.58 x 10(8) PFU, qd x days) in combination with GCV (40 mg.kg(-1).d(-1), ip, qd x 10 days) or 5-FC (400 mg.kg(-1).d(-1), ip, qd x 10 days) was administered in vivo for the determination of treatment efficacy in separate controlled experiments.

RESULTSIn vivo experiments demonstrated that the mean volume of tumor in the group of AdCD-TK/GCV(326.58+/-109.56 mm(3)), AdCD-TK/5-FC (235.33+/-62.94 mm(3)) and AdCD-TK/(GCV+5-FC) (23.58+/-6.78 mm(3)) was reduced significantly compared with that of control group (993.51+/-158.32 mm(3)) (P=0.00), the mean volume of tumor in the group of AdCD-TK/(GCV+5-FC) was significantly less than that in the group of AdCD-TK/GCV or AdCD-TK/5-FC (P=0.04). Tumor necrosis was revealed by histomorphology compared with control animals.

CONCLUSIONSAdenovirus mediated CD-TK double suicide gene combining with GCV or 5-FC could provide an effective therapy in an experimental murine bladder carcinoma by significantly inhibiting tumor growth. The treatment efficacy of AdCD-TK combining GCV and 5-FC was superior to that of AdCD-TK combining GCV or AdCD-TK combining 5-FC.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytosine Deaminase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Defective Viruses ; genetics ; Female ; Flucytosine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Ganciclovir ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Genes, Transgenic, Suicide ; genetics ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Thymidine Kinase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo determine the number of goblet cells, the change of MUC5AC expression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and the relationship of smoking with goblet cell, MUC5AC, and lung function.

METHODSEighteen patients undergoing lung resections for a solitary peripheral carcinoma were classified by lung function as having COPD. Twenty patients with normal lung function served as the control group. Normal lobe bronchioles far away from the lesion site were taken for paraffin section. Goblet cells were identified by AB/PAS staining and the expression of MUC5AC in the paraffin's section was tested by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSGoblet cell hyperplasia was observed in the COPD group. The positive rate of goblet cell in COPD group (0.20% +/- 0.10%) was significantly higher than that in the normal lung function group (0.13% +/- 0.06%, P < 0.05). The positive rate of MUC5AC expression in the COPD group (0.27% +/- 0.09%) was higher than that in the normal lung function group (0.20% +/- 0.10%, P < 0.05). The positive rate of goblet cell in smokers (27.93% +/- 9.00%) of the COPD group and normal lung function group was higher than that in non-smokers (17.70% +/- 9.37%, P < 0.05), while MUC5AC expression had no significant difference between smokers and non-smokers (17.88% +/- 6.44% and 10.88% +/- 7.10%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONFor COPD patients with declined lung function, there were goblet cell hyperplasia and increased expression of MUC5AC. MUC5AC expression up-regulation may due to goblet cell hyperplasia. Smoking may be an important factor for goblet cell hyperplasia.

Aged ; Bronchi ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Epithelium ; pathology ; Exocrine Glands ; metabolism ; Goblet Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Middle Aged ; Mucin 5AC ; Mucins ; biosynthesis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; metabolism ; pathology ; Smoking ; Up-Regulation

Objective To explore the correlation between speech fluency and diadochokinetic rate in children aged 7～11 years with cochlear implant.Methods Speech samples were collected from 62 children aged 7～11 years with cochlear implant using language retelling task and diadochokinetic rate test task.Their speech rate,articulation rate,syllable duration and pause duration were analyzed.The data were input into ICF converter to obtain the im-pairment limit of each parameter and analyze the speech fluency and diadochokinetic rate characteristics.Partial cor-relation analysis was performed for speech rate,articulation rate,syllable duration and pause duration by two tasks.Results ① For children with cochlear implant,the mean ICF impairment limit of diadochokinetic rate was 1.3± 0.1,the mean ICF impairment limit of fluency in retelling was 1.0±0.3,with various degree of impairment in both tasks.② There was a moderate or low correlation between speech rate,articulation rate,syllable duration in retell-ing task and those in diadochokinetic rate task(0.3＜|r |≤0.8).There was a low correlation between pause dura-tion in retelling task and speech rate and pause duration in diadochokinetic rate task(0.3＜|r |≤0.5).Conclusion The speech fluency and diadochokinetic rate of children aged 7～11 years with cochlear implant is underdeveloped,and the poor articulation movement ability limits their development of speech fluency.

Objective To explore the role of treg cells and its functional markers in pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B, and the correlation with disease progression. Methods 20 cases of healthy control people,53 cases of chronic hepatitis B patients and 24 cases of liver cirrhosis patients were enrolled into the groups. Detecting the frequencies of CD4 + CD25 + Fox3 + cells, CD4 + CD25 + CD127low cells, CD39 + treg cells and CTLA-4+ treg cells in treg cells by flow cytometry. Clinical parameters were investigated in the same time. Results The frequencies of treg cells, CD4 + CD25 + CD127low cells and CD39 + treg cells were significant different among healthy control group,CHB group and LC group( P ＜ 0.01 ). The frequencies of treg cells,CD4 + CD25 + CD127low cells and CD39 + treg cells were significantly different in moderate-severe CHB group compared with mild CHB group(P ＜0.05 ,P ＜0.05 ,P ＜ 0. 01 ). In CHB group the frequencies of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + cells were positively correlated with ALT ( r = 0. 289, P ＜ 0.05 ) and AST ( r =0. 302,P ＜0.05), the frequencies of CD4+ CD25 + Foxp3 + cells had a significant positive correlation with the frequencies of CD4 + CD25 + CD127low cells(r = 0.478,P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion The frequencies of treg cells and its functional markers probably had a dynamic tendency in the process of chronic hepatitis B and were closely related with the change of liver function parameters. CD39 + treg cells may be a group of functional treg cells,which indicated that CD39 be a sensitive marker to react treg cells function. In some sense, CD4 + C D25 + CD 127 low cells frequency could represent treg cell frequency.

Objective This study aimed to explore the personal experiences and inward wodd of AIDS patients as parents in suburban areas of western China.Methods The phenomenological approach wag used in this study.The data was collected by in-depth interview.13 AIDS patients as parents who calne from suburban areas of western China were interviewed.The interview data were read repeatedly,coded,classified,analyzed and extracted.Results Six major categories emerged from the data:complex emotional fluctuations;confidentiality of the illness:isolation from social life;worsening economic situation;top priority to their children:deftciency of spiritual resorts.Conclusions AIDS patients as parents suffer considerable stress from psychology,economy and social life.It is needed that strengthening psychological support to them,broadening financial accesses for them,understanding and respecting them to improve their living conditions.