OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy of oxaliplatin+calcium folinate+5-fluorouracil(mFOLFOX6),oxalipl-atin+capecitabine(CapeOX),irinotecan+calcium folinate+5-fluorouracil(FOLFIRI)for metastatic colorectal cancer,and to conduct cost-effectiveness analysis. METHODS:48 patients with colorectal cancer were divided into mFOLFOX6 group(30 cases),Cape-OX group(8 cases)and FOLFIRI group(10 cases). Clinical efficacy and ADR of 3 groups were analyzed,and cost-effectiveness analysis was also conducted. RESULTS:Clinical effective rates of mFOLFOX6 group,CapeOX group and FOLFIRI group were 96.67%,87.50% and 80.00%,respectively,the mFOLFX6 group was significantly higher than the other 2 groups,with statistical significance(P<0.05). mFOLFOX6 group had high incidence of gastrointestinal side effects (70.00%). FOLFIRI group had high incidence of myelosuppression (70.00%). CapeOX and mFOLFOX6 group suffered from liver injury possibly,without statistical significance (P>0.05). The C/E of mFOLFOX6 group,CapeOX group and FOLFIRI group were 11 950,15 674 and 18 397 re-spectively,to which results of sensitivity analysis were same. CONCLUSIONS:The cost-effectiveness of mFOLFOX6 regimen is superior to CapeOX and FOLFIRI regimen in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer,but it has the high incidence of gastroin-testinal side effects.

Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; chemically induced ; genetics ; immunology ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Gene Expression ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta ; genetics ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo compare the hybrid between species of Dendrobium huoshanense and its parents on growing, physiologic indexes and content of medicinal components, and provide theoretical basis for species quality improvement.

METHODThe chlorophyll content, the photosynthesis rate, the polysaccharides content and the alkaloids content were measured by anhydrous ethanol method, Cl-310 photosynthesis determination system, colorimetry of concentrated sulphuric acid-phenol and acid dyes colorimetry respectively.

RESULTThe growth of hybrid was close to D. moniliforme, and apparently higher than D. huoshanense. The chlorophyll content and the photosynthesis rate of one-year-hybrid were markedly higher than its parents. The content of polysaccharides and alkaloids in two-year-stem and three-year-stem of hybrid were close to that of D. huoshanense.

CONCLUSIONThe hybrid integrates superiority of parents on growth and accumulation of medicinal components opens vast vistas for development and utilization.

Alkaloids ; analysis ; Chlorophyll ; analysis ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Photosynthesis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; growth & development ; Polysaccharides ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical and physical factors that might give rise to radiation-induced esophagitis in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer.

METHODSTo collect the clinical and physical records and follow-up information of 106 NSCLC patients without undergoing surgery in our hospital. χ(2) test, linear tendency test and analysis of variance were employed to analyze the relationship between occurrence of radiation-induced esophagitis and clinical and physical treatment. Logistic analysis was also used for multivariate analysis.

RESULTSAmong the 47 cases of radiation-induced esophagitis, 31 cases were of grade I, 11 of grade II, 5 of grade III, and with a total occurrence rate of 44.3% (47/106). Radiation-induced esophagitis was correlated with Karnofsky scores, radiation sensitization and tumor location (χ(2) = 11.30, 8.45, 7.67, P < 0.05). Radiation-induced esophagitis was correlated with the length of irradiated esophagus and average dose of irradiated esophagus (F = 20.82, 83.08, P < 0.001). With the increase of the irradiated volume percentage from V20, V30, V40 up to V50, the occurrence rate of radiation-induced esophagitis was also increased, almost with a linear trend (P < 0.05). Application of all the above factors to logistic model indicated that radiation sensitization,length of irradiated esophagus, average dose and V50 were all statistically significant foactors in the occurrence of radiation-induced esophagitis (OR = 0.321, 2.850, 7.307 and 8.558, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSRadiation sensitization,length of irradiated esophagus, average dose of irradiated esophagus and V50 are independent factors in the occurrence of radiation-induced esophagitis. V50 is of greater importance in the judgement of occurrence of radiation-induced esophagitis.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; radiotherapy ; Esophagitis ; etiology ; Esophagus ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Radiation Injuries ; etiology ; Radiation Tolerance ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Retrospective Studies

AIMTo study the fingerprint of Ezhu by GC-MS.

METHODSGC-MS analysis was performed for 18 samples of three species of Curcuma used as Ezhu. TIC profiles were evaluated by "Computer Aided Similarity Evaluation System" (MATLAB5.3 based, Ver. 1.240, developed by Research Center for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Central South University). The characteristic peaks in chromatograms were identified by comparing mass data with literatures. Hierarchical clustering analysis was performed by SPSS based on the relative peak area (RPA) of identified peak to germacrone in 18 samples.

RESULTSResemblance values of 18 samples of Ezhu were pretty low. The mutual mode fingerprint plots of Ezhu were failed to develop. However, 18 samples were divided into two main clusters based on hierarchical clustering analysis, Curcuma wenyujin cluster and Curcuma phaeocaulis cluster, but the samples of Curcuma kwangsiensis were dispersive. Therefore, based on hierarchical clustering analysis, two mutual mode fingerprint plots of Curcuma wenyujin and Curcuma phaeocaulis were developed. But that of Curcuma kwangsiensis was failed because of low resemblance among samples.

CONCLUSIONThe mutual mode fingerprint is the basis for quality control of Chinese materia medica from multi-origins. Development of GC-MS fingerprint of Ezhu was failed, which indicates that the chemical components in different species of herbs used as one Chinese materia medica may be significantly different. The relationship of chemical components and pharmacological activities should be further studied so as to elucidate the rationality of Chinese materia medica from multi-origins.

Cluster Analysis ; Curcuma ; chemistry ; classification ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Phylogeny ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sesquiterpenes ; analysis ; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane ; analysis

Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein complex Ⅱ (gC Ⅱ ) consists of two glycoproteins, gM and gN. Although gC Ⅱ specific IgG purified from HCMV positive patient sera can neutralize HCMV, there has been no report on the generation of virus-neutralizing antibodies by immunizing with one epitope of gM. The epitope, termed MAD, was screened from random phage peptide library by subtractive strategy. The peptide sequence of MAD was highly homologous with 32~38 amino acids of HCMV gM. Mice immunized with MAD coupled with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) could produce specific antibodies against MAD, and the antibodies obtained could bind not only native HCMV particles, but also the recombinant gM30～78 peptide. ELISA analysis results showed that MAD could specifically bind HCMV-positive human serum samples. Virus-neutralizing assay results demonstrated that the antibodies against MAD could inhibit HCMV strain AD169 entering the human embryonic lung cells. The results suggested that MAD could be used as a new potential protective antigen in the development of HCMV vaccine.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effective methods for the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures.

METHODSFrom May 2008 to April 2011, 28 patients with complex tibial plateau fractures were treated indirect reduction techniques, bilateral locking plate fixation combined with autologous bone grafts. There were 21 males and 7 females, with an average age of 43 years ranging from 21 to 65. There were 11 cases in Schatzker type V, 17 in VI. The effect was evaluated by Rasmussen standard on clinical and radiological.

RESULTSAll patients were followed-up for 7 to 36 months (averaged of 21.5 months). Healing time of fracture was from 3 to 8 months (averaged 5.5 months). The results of Rasmussen scores in clinical was 4.50 +/- 1.32 in pain, 4.32 +/- 1.63 in walking ability, 4.07 +/- 1.34 in knee activity, 4.78 +/- 1.27 in stability of the knee, 4.85 +/- 1.12 in stretch knee; the results in radiation was 5.07 +/- 0.92 in articular surface collapse, 5.00 +/- 0.98 in platform widened, 5.14 +/- 0.85 in knee external varus. The effect result was excellent in 8 cases, good in 15, fair in 3 and poor in 2.

CONCLUSIONThe key for the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures was to fully assess the damage as much as possible to protect the soft tissue, select the appropriate timing of surgery and surgical incision, application of indirect reduction techniques, limited incision and effective internal fixation to restore joint surface smooth and good limb alignment, early exercise, in order to achieve maximum recovery of joint function.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the study of optimal sampling points in clinical pharmacokinetics.METHODS:The literatures about optimal sampling points in clinical pharmacokinetics were searched from CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP,PubMed,Medline,ScienceDirect and other databases during Jan.2011-Jun.2016 using "Bayesian estimate(s)""Bayesian estimator(s) Bayesian analysis" "Limited" "Optimal" "Sparse" "Minimal sampling" as retrieval words.The systematic analysis and evaluation were conducted.RESULTS:A total of 1 Chinese literature and 13 English literatures were involved respectively.The drugs they focused on were mainly immunosuppressive agents,antiviral drugs,antibiotics,pediatric individualized medication,etc.Multiple linear regression (MLR) was still the most widely used method in China,while maximum a posteriori Bayesian (MAPB) method was more popular in foreign studies.MLR equation was simple and easy to use,but the sampling was very strict.MAPB method could be completed with less sampling points and sampling time;it was more suitable for clinical practice,but needed professional software.The precision and accuracy of the two methods were similar.The research methods of optimal sampling strategy were quite different but all included 4 steps as prior information ganining,reference value determination,sampling point optimization,prediction capability verification.CONCLUSIONS:MAPB method requires less sampling points and it results are relatively accurate and reliable.It is more suitable for clinical practice and optimal sampling study of clinical pharmacokinetics.

Objective To understand the variation of thyroid hormones in each trimesters of pregnancy in women.Methods A total of 1 839 pregnant women in different trimesters were enrolled and thyroid hormones including FT3,FT4,TT3, TT4,TSH,TGAb and TPOAb were measured.The reference range of hormone in each trimester was calculated.Results There were statistically differences in all thyroid hormones among all trimesters of pregnancy women (P<0.05 )except for TT4 between the early and middle trimesters (P>0.05 ).The median of FT3 and FT4 were gradually reduced as the pregnant trimester grew up while the median of TSH had the adverse tendency.The median of TT3 was highest during the middle trimester (1.47 nmol/L).TT4 median was lowest during the late trimester (80.67 nmol/L).The TSH level of pregnant women over 30 years old was significantly lower than that of below 30 age group during all trimesters(P<0.05 ). There were significant differences in FT4,TT3 and TT4 level among early and middle trimesters among different ages groups(P<0.05 ).The positive rates of TGAb and TPOAb during late trimester (4.74% and 1.63%)were significantly lower than those of early trimester (1 4.40% and 5.56%)and middle trimester (1 4.40% and 5.56%)(P<0.05 ). Conclusion Significant differences of thyroid hormones are found not only in different stages of pregnancy,but also in different ages.Therefore,establishing trimester-specific reference data of thyroid hormones during different pregnency may be important for clinical practice.

OBJECTIVETo study the changes of platelet in May-Hegglin anomaly (MHA) and the molecular pathogenesis mechanism.

METHODSPeripheral blood was drawn from the MHA proband, her father and her uncle. Platelet count and morphology were examined by automatic blood cell counter and microscopy, respectively. The platelet membrane protein was examined by flow cytometry. Membrane antibodies were determined by ELISA. PCR was used to amplify the exons 25, 31 approximately 32, 38 and 40 of the MYH 9 gene in the MHA patient and her diseased father. Furthermore, PCR products were sequenced, a specific point mutation was identified and inclusions (Dohle's body) in the neutrophil was detected by indirect immunofluorescence technique.

RESULTSIt was proved that in MHA patients, platelet count was higher by cell counter than by microscope (P < 0.01). Giant platelet was 94% but platelet membrane proteins (CD41, CD61, CD42A, CD42b) were in normal range. Membrane antibodies was undetectable. An A5521G mutation (GAG-->AAG) in the exon 38 was found in the proband and her diseased father, resulting in a characteristic change of NMMHC-A1841 (Glutamic acid-->Arginine), which was not found in other members of the family and in normal controls. Spindle-like inclusions with fluorescence were clearly displayed in neutrophil cytoplasm.

CONCLUSIONThe molecular pathogenesis mechanism of May-Hegglin anomaly is the mutation in MYH 9 gene.

Adult ; Base Sequence ; Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Granulocytes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Molecular Motor Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Myosin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Platelet Count ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Thrombocytopenia ; blood ; genetics ; pathology