OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical manifestation and diagnosis of ganglioneuroma in spine and investigate the clinical effect of surgical treatment.

METHODSThe clinical data of 6 patients underwent a surgery for ganglioneuroma in spine from January 2008 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 males and 2 females, aged from 2 to 63 years old with an average of 34.6 years. The courses of disease were from 3 days to 17 years. Five patients complicated with superficial hypesthesia in correlative level of tumor, and the muscle strength under tumor plane had decreased at different levels, with the strength of grade II-IV. Two cases complicated with hypermyotonia and positive bilateral Hoffmann's and Babinski sign. Five cases were sporadic lesion in correlative spinal canal and one case complicated with the giant occupying lesion in thoracic cavity.

RESULTSSix operations had been performed including 5 en bloc and 1 subtotal resection. Postoperative pathological results showed tumor cells scattered or fasciculated inserted into Schwann cells in the stroma. In 2 patients complicated with radiculalgia before operation, 1 case was relieved and 1 was invariant after operation. All 4 patients with preoperative dyscinesia in the limbs obtained improvement after operation. All the patients were followed up from 0.3 to 6.8 years with an average of 2.5 years. At the final follow-up, according to ASIA grade, 5 cases were good and 1 case was invariant. During the follow-up, only 1 patient experienced chemoradiation because of merging ganglioneuroblastoma and receiving subtotal resection. No recurrence in other 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONGanglioneuroma is a benign and rare tumors in spine. Clinically, radicular pain and sensory-motor disorders are the main manifestations. Its diagnosis depends on pathological examination. Prognosis of surgical treatment is good.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioneuroma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery

To investigate the application of a recently developed metallic oxide semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET)detector for use in vivo desimetry.Methods The MOSFET detector was calibrated for X-ray beams of 8 MV and 15 MV,as well as electron beams with energy of 6,8,12 and 18 MeV.The dose linearity of the MOSFET detector was investigated for the doses ranging from 0 up to 50 Gy using 8 MV X-ray beams.Angular effect was evaluated as well in a cylindrical PMMA phantom by changing the beam entrance angle every 15?clockwise.The MOSFET detector was then used for a breast cancer patient in vivo dose measurement, after the treatment plan was verified in a water phantom using a NE-2571 ion chamber,in vivo measurements were performed in the first and last treatment,and once per week during the whole treatment.The measured doses were then compared with planning dose to evaluate the accuracy of each treatment.Results The MOSFET detector represented a good energy response for X-ray beams of 8 MV and 15 MV,and for electron beams with energy of 6 MeV up to 18 MeV.With the 6 V bias,Dose linearity error of the MOSFET detector was within 3.0% up to approximately 50 Gy,which can be significantly reduced to 1% when the detector was calibrated before and after each measdurement.The MOSFET response varied within 1.5% for angles firm 270?to 90?.However,maximum error of 10.0% was recorded comparing MOSFET response between forward and backward direction.In vivo mea surement for a breast cancer patient using 3DCRT showed that,the average dose.deviation between measurement and calculation was 2.8%,and the maximum error was less then 5.0%.Conclusions The new MOSFET detector,with its advantages of being in size,easy use,good energy response and dose linearity,can be used for in vivo dose measurement.

Objective To determine if Shenfu injectio(SFI)has any analeptic action in patients emerging from general anesthesia.Methods Eighty-six ASAⅠorⅡadult patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=43 each):SFI group and control group.The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1g and atropine 0.5mg.Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg?kg~(-1),fentanyl 4-5?g?kg~(-1) and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg~(-1) and maintained with propofol infusion(2-4 mg?kg~(-1)?h~(-1)),0.5%-1.0% isoflurane inhalation and intermittent i.v.boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium.The patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated.The propofol infusion and isoflurane inhalation were stopped during skin closure.The patients were still unconscious and on mechanical ventilation at the end of surgery and transferred to PACU with a tube in trachea.As soon as the patients reached the PACU,SFI 1 ml?kg~(-1) in Ringer's solution 100 ml was infused over 10 min.In control group the patients received Ringer's solution 100 ml without SFI.The following times were recorded:(1)the time when the patients opened their eyes on command;(2)the time when mechanical ventilation was stopped;(3)the time when oxygen inhalation was stopped;(4)the extubation time;(5)the time of staying in PACU.Venous blood samples were taken before(T_0) and 5,15 and 45 min(T_(1,2,3))after SFI infusion for determination of plasma?-endorphin concentration.Results The awakening time,the mechanical ventilation time,oxygen inhalation time,extubation time and duration of PACU stay were significantly shorter in SFI group than in control group.There were no significant differences in MAP and HR after SFI between the two groups.The plasma?-endorphin concentration was significantly higher in group SFI than in control group.Conclusion Shenfu injectio can make patients emerging from general anesthesia faster.

Objective To observe the action of narcotrend monitoring for perioperative anesthesia management in donor and acceptor with living donor renal transplantation. Methods 80 pairs of receptor and donor haing electie living donor renal transplantation surgery, 28 ~ 56 years. The ASA of receptor Ⅲ ~ Ⅳ, and the donerⅠ ~ Ⅱ. The receptor and donor were randomly divided into four groups , the narcotrend monitoring receptor group (R-N), the clinical experience receptor group (R-C), the narcotrend monitoring donor group (D-N), and the clinical experience donor group (D-C). Record the vital signs, the last time of anesthesia induction, operation , extract the endotracheal catheter , and the observation time in post anesthesia care unit , the dosage of propofol and dopamine, the adverse reaction, and postoperative visual analogue scale. Results The dosage of propofol in R-N group is less then the R-C group (P < 0.05). The time of extract the endotracheal catheter,and the observation time in post anesthesia care unit in R-N group was shorter then the R-C group (P < 0.05). No statistical differences between the D-N group and D-C group. Conclusions Narcotrend monitoring can significantly reduce the dosage of propofol , the observation time in post anesthesia care unit , and the postoperative adverse reactions. But there is little effect to the donor.

AIM:To compare the efficiency of fibrin glue to suture technique in pterygium surgery performed with limbal autograft under different methods of anesthesia.
METHODS: A prospective randomised clinical trial was carried out in 60 eyes of 55 patients operated for primary nasal pterygium, which were divided into two groups randomly: experimental group ( 30 eyes in 27 patients ) was under surface anesthesia ( oxybuprocaine ) and control group ( 30 eyes in 28 patients ) was under local anesthesia ( 20g/L lidocaine ). Autologous limbal graft taken from the superotemporal limbus was used to cover the sclera by a fibrin tissue adhesive after pterygium excision. Patients were followed up at least for 6mo. Time of operation, matching degree of graft and VAS score were mainly observed and recorded.
RESULTS: In experimental group the average surgery time was shorter (P=0. 008) and matching degree of graft ( 93%) was better than control group ( 83%) , the differences had statistical significance(P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: The surface anesthesia is enough when using fibrin glue for graft fixation in pterygium surgery, which will shorten surgery time and get better matching degree of graft.

Objective The present study was to explore association of PvuⅡand XbaⅠpolymorphism in ER-?gene with genetic susceptibility for breast cancer without BRCAl/2 gene mutation. Methods 113 BRCA1/2 negative hereditary breast cancer patients from independent families and 113 agematched healthy control subjects were analyzed. Genotype analysis was conducted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then DNA direct sequencing. The odd-ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated by unconditional logistic regression model. Results The frequency of PvuⅡpolymorphism CC(PP) ,CT(Pp) ,TT(pp) genotype in patients was found in 16 cases(14.2% ), 58 cases(51. 3% ) , and 39 cases (34. 5% ). The distribution of AA (xx) , AG (Xx) , GG (XX) genotype of XbaⅠpolymorphism were found in 76 cases ( 67. 2% ) , 34 cases ( 30. 1% ), and 3 cases ( 2. 7% ) among patients. Among premenopausal women, CT genotype of PvuⅡconfered a significantly increased risk for breast cancer compared with CC genotype ( adjusted OR = 2. 07; 95% CI, 0. 68 - 6. 30) ; Carriers of GG of XbaⅠhad a decreased risk for breast cancer (adjusted OR =0. 11; 95 % CI, 0. 01 - 1. 27) compared with AA genotype. Furthermore, combined analysis of two polymorphisms indicated individuals carrying PvuⅡCT and XbaⅠAA genotype were at increased risk for breast cancer as compared with those with PvuⅡCC and XbaⅠGG genotype (Oft = 11.43, 95% CI, 1.12-116.7) among premenopausal women. Conclusions PvuⅡand XbaⅠpolymorphisms in ER-?gene could be a candidate locus for low penetrance breast cancer susceptibility in Chinese population, especially among premenopausal women.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of berberine on the proliferation and apoptosis of HL-60 cells, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in HL-60 cells. Berberine (6 - 96 µg/ml) was added to the HL-60 cell line culture medium, the CCK-8 method was used to reveal the inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, the flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis rate and cell cycle in HL-60 cells treated with berberine. The expression of VEGFR2 mRNA and protein were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The results showed that the berberine inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 cells and induced their apoptosis in dose- and time-dependent manners. With the increased concentration of berberine, the percentage of HL-60 cells in G(1) phase of cycle increased significantly, and the percentage of HL-60 cells in S phase decreased significantly. The expression of mRNA and protein of VEGFR2 decreased with the increased concentration of berberine. It is concluded that the berberine can inhibit HL-60 cell proliferation and induce HL-60 cell apoptosis. The expression of mRNA and proteins of VEGFR2 decreased after treatment with berberine.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Berberine ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism

Background and purpose:Perioperative anesthetic management is thought to be critical to the success of free flap breast reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to discuss intraoperative fluid, hemodynamic and temperature management in patients undergoing deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction.Methods:From Jun. 2011 to Dec. 2015, 126 patients underwent DIEP lfap breast reconstruction. Postoperative complications were reviewed. Intraoperative fluid infusion rate was analyzed. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and core temperature were measured before induction (T0), after lfap elevation but before lfap transfer (T1), 15 min after flap revascularization (T2), and at the end of surgery (T3).Results:Nine patients developed flap compromised: 7 were salvaged and 2 failed. The mean intraoperative lfuid infusion rate was (5.44±1.66) (mL?kg-1)/h. MAP at T0, T1, T2 and T3 were (87.45±8.90), (74.19±8.63), (74.60±8.71) and (79.62±7.88) mmHg, respectively. Core temperature at T0, T1, T2 and T3 were (36.69±0.14), (36.36±0.18), (36.27±0.14) and (36.21±0.15)℃, respectively. Conclusion:Standard practice focusing on intraoperative lfuid management, hemodynamic adjustment and temperature control in microsurgical reconstruction of the breast should be established to further improve free lfap outcome.

This editorial briefly reviewed the history of andrology, its rapid development in recent years, the conception of male health, international andrology studies, the achievements of Chinese andrologists and the existing problems. It is highly necessary for Chinese andrology community to strengthen the international academic communication, join the International Society of Andrology and attend its activities actively.
Andrology ; trends ; Biomedical Research ; trends ; China ; Humans ; Male