Fungal polyketide synthases are responsible for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as pigments, mycotoxins, and they are very important in pharmacology , food science and agriculture. The recent advances in the methods for the isolation and manipulation of multiple classes of polyketide synthase genes from fungi were introduced. It is useful for discovery of novel fungal polyketide synthase gene clusters. These methods can also be useful for revealing the genetic potential of fungi to produce multiple types of bioactive polyketide.

Objective　To analyse the development of mouse kidney. Method　Sterological methods were used in this study.Results　The nephrogenic zone appeared in 14th day's kidney of the fetus development, medulla could be found in the late stage of fetus development kidney and developed after birth. Inner medulla were observed on 21st day after birth, nephrogenic zone disappeared on 7th day after birth. Morphometric analysis proves that medulla developed mainly after birth, cortex volume also developed rapidly after birth, especially after 21st day postnatally, the development of corpuscle number was finished before 7th day postnatally. Conclusion　The development of mouse kidney begins on 14th day of embryo and stops on 21st day after birth, the period of the medulla development is between E 18 days and 21 days after birth.

Objective To study the expression levels of SCCA1 and SCCA2 mRNA in tissues of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. To investigate the role of this gene in the clinical diagnosis, evaluation of treatment and observation of prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of SCCA1 and SCCA2 mRNA in tissues of 60 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and those of 30 cases of normal cervical tissues. Results The expression level of SCCA2 mRNA in tissues of 30 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma was higher than in those of 15 cases of normal cervical tissues (4.405 ± 2.310, 9.088 ± 2.195) (t =-6.513, P ＜0.001), while the expression level of SCCA 1 mRNA did not significantly differ between normal and malignant tissues (P ＞0.05). The expression of SCCA2 mRNA was relevant to FIGO stages and there was a tendency for this gene to increase with the stage getting worse (F =8.313, P ＜0.05). Moreover, the overexpression of SCCA2 mRNA was significantly correlated with lymph node metastases (t =2.853, P ＜0.05). The expression of SCCA2 mRNA was not correlated with age and pathological grading (P ＞0.05). However, the expression of SCCA1 mRNA was not correlated with age,FIGO stages, lymph node metastases and histological grade (P ＞0.05). Conclusion The expression of SCCA2 mRNA may provide help for more accurate diagnosis on the clinical stages and lymph node metastases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To study blood lipids levels of patients with ischemic cerebral vascular disease (ICVD).Methods The blood lipids levels were measured in 2886 subjects with ICVD enrolled from 1991 to 2004,in which 1430 subjects from 2000 to 2004 were classified into a sub-group;400 healthy persons receiving physical examination were enrolled as controls.Results The blood TC,TG and LDL-C levels were significantly higher in the sub-group than those in the control group.Both in males and females, the morbidity of abnormal blood lipid metabolism and blood lipids level gradually increased with the age and the lapse of decades.Total cholesterol level of male younger than fifty,averaging (4.43?0.51) mmol/L, increased to (4.96?0.85) mmol/L after fifty years old.The same thing happened to females,from (4.30?0.49) mmol/L to (5.01?0.90) mmol/L.TG and LDL-C increased in patients older than fifty compared with those younger than fifty.In the groups above 50 years old,the blood lipids levels of females were significantly higher than those of males.The morbidity of abnormal blood lipid metabolism of male increased from 24.5% in (1991 to 1994) to 38.1% (2001 to 2004) and of female from 22.3% (1991 to 1994) to 38.5% (2001 to 2004).Conclusions Abnormal blood lipid in Foshan is one of the most important reasons to ICVD.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the status quo of medication compliances and problems in the medication of patients with tuberculosis so as to direct their use of drugs.METHODS:Information on medication compliances of tuberculosis patients who experienced regular physical examinations was investigated by interview and questionnaires,and which were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Of the562cases investigated,54%followed or almost followed medication directions;46%failed to follow normal drug therapy for different reasons.CONCLUSION:The pharmacists should do their utmost to expand the range of pharmaceutical care so as to improve patients'medication compliances.

0.05). The protein abundance of leptin receptor in rat hepatic cells was significantly decreased compared with the control after incubated with palmitate and oleate for 36 hours( P 0.05),but significantly decreased after 24 or 36 hours( P

Objective To synthesize 99Tcm- (hydrazinonictinamide- [Lys3] -bombesin) (tricine)(trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3',3"-trisulfonate) ((HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS) (tricine) (TPPTS)) and evaluate its biodistribution and binding capability with tumor tissue in Balb/c nude mice bearing human pancreatic cancer xenografts. Methods HYNIC was conjugated to the [Lys3] -BBS at pH = 9.0 with SnCl2 as reducing agent and both tricine and TPPTS as coligands for 99Tcm-labeling. 99Tcm-HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS)(tricine) (TPPTS) was purified by Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and was analysed by HPLC. The radiochemical purity and radiolabeling yield were measured. The stability of 99Tcm-(HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS) (tricine)(TPPTS) in serum, biodistribution (% ID/g) in the normal mice and imaging of the Balb/c nude mice bearing human pancreatic cancer xenografts in vivo were studied. Results The radiolabeling yield was (90 ±2)% and the radiochemical purity was over 95%. The radiochemical purity after 4 h in serum was over 85%. The distribution in normal mice showed rapid clearance from blood (the uptake was (0.07 ±0.01) %ID/g at 2 h postinjection). 99Tcm-(HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS) (tricine) (TPPTS) was excreted mainly via the kidney with little radioactivity accumulation in the liver and gastrointestinal tract (the uptake of liver, stomach, intestine was (0.27 ±0.03), (0.06 ±0.03), (0.04 ±0.00) %ID/g at 2 h postinjection). Marked uptake of radioactivity was found in tumor tissue of the Balb/c nude mice bearing human pancreatic cancer with maximum T/NT ratio of 3.71 ± 0.57 at 2 h postinjection. Conclusions 99Tcm-(HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS)(tricine) (TPPTS) can be easily prepared with high radiolabeling yield and radiochemical purity. The stability in serum and good biodistribution charateristics make it useful for the diagnosis of human pancreatic cancer with over-expression of the gastric-releasing peptide(GRP) receptor.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and relationship of cognitive function and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF)in childhood and adolescence-first-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD).Methods Twenty-four childhood and adolescence-first-onset OCD patients (patient group) and thirty-three age/gender/education-matched healthy controls (healthy control group) were enrolled in this study.The participants' cognitive function was tested with trail making test (TMT),symbol coding,Hopkins verbal learning test-revised (HVLT-R),brief visuospatial memory test-revised (BVMT-R),verbal fluency test (VF),digital span test,maze test and Stroop test.Then a resting-state fMRI scan was conducted for each participant.Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation approach was used to explore the differences of resting-state brain function between patients and controls,and analyze the significant brain regions by adopting t test.The cognitive functions of patients and healthy control group in the significant brain regions were compared by using Pearson correlation analysis.Results The patient group had lower scores than healthy control group in symbol coding,BVMT-R and digital span test,and the differences were statistically significant [(45.24 ± 10.32)scores vs.(56.85 ± 9.57) scores,(21.94 ± 6.99) scores vs.(30.58 ± 3.92) scores,(64.06 ± 20.00) scores vs.(78.03 ±18.08) scores;t =3.96,4.90,2.50;all P ＜ 0.05].Corrected by Alphasim,patient group showed significantly increased ALFF in the left and fight temporal lobe,left and fight posterior lobe of cerebellum,right middle temporal gyrus,but ALFF decreased in the area of left and right lenticula,left putamen compared with the healthy control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The patients group showed that TMT scores were positively correlated with the value of ALFF in the right temporal lobe (r =0.67),and color scores were positively correlated with the value of ALFF in the right middle temporal gyrus (r =0.53),but colour scores were negatively correlated with the value of ALFF in the right tcmporal lobe (r =-0.54);the healthy control group showed that BVMT-R and digital span test scores were positively correlated with the value of ALFF in the left temporal lobe (r =0.47,0.41),but digital span test scores were negatively correlated with the value of ALFF in the right temporal lobe (r =-0.49),and colour scores were negatively correlated with the value of ALFF in the left temporal lobe (r =-0.35),while word and color-word scores were negatively correlated with the value of ALFF in the right middle temporal gyrus (r =-0.39,-0.36);the correlation coefficient above had statistical significance (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The childhood and adolescence-first-onset OCD patients had cognitive impairment,including speed of processing,visual learning and memory,working memory;and the patients showed abnormal spontaneous neural activity at some brain regions.The cognitive dysfunction may be associated with abnormal spontaneous neuronal activity in childhood and adolescence-first-onset OCD.

Compared with living spray method, it focused on the investigation of different inoculation methods, various inoculation concentration and the influence of different seeding age on soft rot-resistance in Jinxianlian. The results showed that (1) Inoculated with dropping connection, the difference of disease index between A. roxburghii and A. formosanus was grate, so that the disease-resistance could be obviously distinguished. (2) When the inoculation concentration was 1.0 x 10(7) cfu x mL(-1), the difference of disease index was relatively obvious and the disease-resistance could be differentiated well. (3) At the moment of 4-month seeding inoculation, a certain difference of the disease index between A. roxburghii and A. formosanus was existed, so, relatively, it could accurately reflect the resistance difference between various species. With the inoculation of dropping connection, A. roxburghii and A. formosanus of 4-month seeding age was put in the bacteria suspension of inoculation concentration of 1.0 x 10(7) cfu x mL(-1). The identification was taken up after 5 days in the incubator under the condition of 14 h daylight and 28 degrees C. The identification result was conformed with that of the living spray method. To investigate the identification method of in vitro evaluation of soft rot-resistance of Jinxianlian so as to provide the foundation for germplasm utilization and excellent cultivars breeding.
Plant Diseases ; microbiology

BACKGROUND:Based on the integration of virtual reality technology with acupoints, acupuncture can be expressed three-dimensional y.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the structure of points through reconstructing digitalized three-dimensional visualization of Neiguan (PC6) structure based on VOXEL-MAN and Micro-XCT.
METHODS:Muscles and other tissues adjacent with Neiguan (PC6) were segmented and merged based on the VOXEL-MAN system combined with the anatomical knowledge of acupoints;nerves and blood vessels were performed with three-dimensional reconstruction;the needle-inserting animation of Neiguan (PC6) was obtained by running script file. Three-dimensional visualization and virtual needle-inserting researches of Neiguan (PC6) were performed. Nature of the acupoints was detected by the Micro-XCT-200 machine additional y.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The visualization of the anatomical structure of local Neiguan (PC6) was completed, and the localization and expression of Neiguan (PC6) in the digitized virtual human were realized. The Neiguan (PC6) structure was researched with Micro-XCT-200, and showed there was no new tissue. Local three-dimensional reconstruction of the acupoint structure could help to display the anatomical structure of acupoints and simulate the acupuncture process. It could also help to observe the relationship between the needle body and the surrounding tissues during needle-inserting, which supplying a good basis not only for exploring the security of needle-inserting, but also for improving the clinical effect of acupuncture. The research on the structure of acupoint Neiguan (PC6) by Micro-XCT-200 provides further experimental evidence for the hypothesis of three-dimensional acupoint.