Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of 3D BRAVO and TRICKS for detecting cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and to explore the MR scanning methods on CVST.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 patients who were diagnosed with CVST in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2011 to June,2014.All the patients underwent TRICKS scan and 3D BRAVO examination and were classified into 3 groups based on dural venous sinuses,deep cerebral vein and superficial cerebral vein.Detection rates of TRICKS and BRAVO were evaluated and the results were analyzed.Result Detection rates of dural venous sinuses by TRICKS and BRAVO were 98.0％ and 100％ respectively.Detection rates of deep cerebral vein were 92.9％ and 100％ respectively.No significant difference was found (P＞0.05).Detection rates of superficial cerebral vein were 66.7％ and 100％ respectively.Significant difference was found between the two (P＜0.05) Conclusion BRAVO technology can clearly demonstrate the details of CVST,especially in superficial cerebral vein.With the combination use of TRICKS sequences,it will be of higher diagnostic value.

Adult ; Air Pollutants ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Military Medicine ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Noise, Occupational ; adverse effects

To evaluate the regulating effect of Buyang Huanwu decoction and its simple prescription (Naojian tablet) on CDK4/Cyclin D1 expression in hippocampus tissues of rats with cerebral ischemia, SD rats were divided into the sham-operation group, the model group, the Buyang Huanwu decoction group (ig, 3.15 g · kg⁻¹) and the simple prescription group (ig, 2.41 g · kg⁻¹). Each group was further divided into five subgroups based on time points after the administration, i. e. 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 28 d, respectively. CDK4/Cyclin D1 expressions of the group at different time points were examined by using immunohistochemistry and real-time qPCR. According to the results, the cerebral ischemia model group showed higher CDK4/Cyclin D1 expression than the sham-operation groups (P < 0.05), suggesting that the cell cycle signal pathway would be activated by the cerebral ischemic injury. Both Buyang Huanwu decoction and simple prescription groups showed significantly lower cyclin expression than the model group at 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 28 d (P < 0.05), indicating both Buyang Huanwu decoction and its simple prescription could play the neuroprotective effect through the cell cycle signal pathway.
Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cyclin D1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on ischemia damage to nerve tissue and discuss the possibility of GDNF in repair of spinal cord injury based on the development of microencapsulation technology.DATA SOURCES: A search of Medline from January 1996 to October 2000 was performed for the English articles related to GDNF, ischemia damage to nerve tissue, spinal cord injury and microencapsulation technology by using the key words "glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, ischemia damage to nerve tissue, spinal cord injury". Meanwhile, we retrieved Wangfang database for search of the related articles in Chinese by using the same keywords in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: Articles including intervention group and control group were selected after first review, and those which were significantly non-randomized researches were excluded. Then, the full-texts of the enrolled articles were retrieved. Inclusion criteria: ①randomized controlled study; ②the experiment/clinical research including horizontal control group. Exclusion criteria: duplicated researches.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 300 articles were selected but only 15 were in coincidence with conclusion criteria. 285 articles were excluded, 264 of them were duplicated and non-randomized researches, and 21 were review articles.DATA SYNTHESIS: GDNF can provide nutrition to dopamine nerve cell in rat's middle brain, so as to decrease dopamine nerve cell's death. Also GDNF can protect dopamine nerve cell in cerebral infarction rats from ischemic injury, inhibit the produce of nitrogen monoxide and reperfusion injury after ischemia. GDNF is an effective protective factor against ischemia damage. Microencapsulation technology has a bright future in treating endocrinopathic neural diseases, and GDNF can play a great role in the development of microencapsulation technology.CONCLUSION: GDNF is a protective factor against ischemia damage to nerve tissue, which can be enhanced by microencapsulation technology.There is a bright future for the research on GDNF in the clinical repair of spinal cord injury.

Objective To investigate the changes of gastric emptying in awake rats after acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods The male Wistar rats were submitted to thoracotomy followed by or not by occlusion of the left coronary artery. After 24 h, AMI(n=12)and sham groups (n=9)were fed in gavage(1 ml)with ~(99m)-Tc-DTPA labeled test meal. Half gastric emptying time (GET1/2) and 50min residual rate were measured by single photon emission computed tomography. The rats of AMI group were sacrificed after 50 min. Plasma level of motilin was measured by radioimmunoassay in AMI and sham group respectively(n=9). Results GET1/2 was significantly higher in AMI group[(23.1?4.7)min] than in sham group[(16.0?4.0)min](P

0.05); the levels of LL, LI, RRS in CBA group and CBA+IBT group were significantly lower than those in control group(P

AIM: To evaluate the results of preservative free sodium hyaluronate and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) eye drops in the treatment of dry eyes after eye operation.·METHODS: One hundred and thirty two patients of dryeyes underwent 149 different eye surgeries. The Schirmer test Ⅰ and tear break up time (BUT) were performed prior to surgery and post operatively after 2 weeks and after 4 weeks when the patients were using Oflaxacine, Tobramycin-dexamethasone eye drops. In addition, preservative free sodium hyaluronate and bFGF eye drops were given post operatively. The antibiotic-cortisone eye drops were stopped after the requirted period depending on the type of eye surgery done, and preservative free sodium hyaluronate and bFGF eye drops were stopped after 4 weeks.Then, after 5 weeks Schirmer test Ⅰ and BUT were done.·RESULTS: The Schirmer test Ⅰ and BUT results prior to surgery and after eye surgery showed a statistically significant improvement of the dry eye condition.·CONCLUSION: Usage of preservative free sodium hysluronate and bFGF eye drops help definitely in the management of dry eye after ophthalmic surgery.

The 1.23 kb DNA fragment encoding the early protein EP0 of pseudorabies virus (PRV) Ea strain was amplified by PCR technique and cloned into pBluescriptII sk+.Three sequencing plasmids containing the partial fragment of the EP0 gene were constructed and the sequences were obtained by Sanger's sequencing technique. Compared with PRV InFh strain, there were multipile site-mutations and a deleted-mutation in the EP0 gene of PRV strain Ea，and the diversity of amino acid residues also existed.Then, the EP0 gene was inserted into an expression vector, pET-28a, fused into the downstream of the 6ΧHis-Tag in frame, to yield the expression plasmid pETEP0. After induction by IPTG, a high expression of fusion protein was obtained, SDS-PAGE analysis and Western blotting showed that the fusion protein was 62kD and the protein was specific to antisera against PRV Ea strain. This indicated that the EP0 gene be expressed in BL21(DE3) and the expression products have immuno-genicity.

Objective To explore the related risk factors of cerebral hemorrhage complicated with stress ulcer (SU). Methods The clinical data of 1 185 patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted to Department of Emergency Medicine of Nanjing General Hospital from March 2006 to March 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether patients complicated with SU or not. Data was collected within 8 hours after admission in two groups including gender,age,amount of bleeding,the bleeding site (basal ganglia,thalamus, brainstem,brain lobe,ventricle,subarachnoid,and cerebellum),disturbance of consciousness,acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score,systolic blood pressure(SBP),history of hypertension,and history of cerebral hemorrhage. The statistically significant risk factors found using univariate analysis was selected and was analyzed to find independent risk factors with multivariate logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve)was plotted to analyze the independent risk factors and evaluate their power of test. Results 1 185 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were enrolled in the study,293 cases occurred SU,accounting for 24.7%,and 892 cases without SU,which accounted for 75.3%. As shown by univariate analysis,risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage complicated with SU included age,amount of bleeding,the bleeding site,disturbance of consciousness,APACHEⅡscore,SBP. As to the site of bleeding,brain,thalamus,brainstem hemorrhage complicated with SU were higher proportion,45.3%(43/95),39.1%(63/161),36.9%(48/130),which were significantly higher than those of the lobes of the brain 〔26.2% (33/126)〕,cerebellum 〔18.8% (15/80)〕,basal ganglia〔16.1%(78/485)〕,arachnoid the inferior vena cava 〔12.0% (13/108)〕. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that amount of bleeding 〔odds ratio (OR)=3.305,P=0.001,95%confidence interval (95%CI)2.213-48.634〕,the bleeding site (OR=1.762,P=0.008,95%CI 0.123-2.743),SBP (OR=1.223,P=0.034,95%CI 0.245-2.812) were independent risk factors of cerebral hemorrhage complicated with SU. The area under the ROC curve (AUC)of amount of bleeding and SBP were 0.846 and 0.597,suggesting that amount of bleeding has moderate diagnostic value and SBP has low diagnostic value. Conclusions Cerebral hemorrhage patients with large amount of bleeding,the bleeding site in the ventricle,thalamus or brainstem,high SBP are of great risk. We should lower blood pressure and give preventive treatment for SU as soon as possible.

Objective To explore the sleep characteristics of adult partial epilepsy patients. Methods 45 patients newly diagnosed as adult partial epilepsy and 40 cases of healthy controls were monitored with sleep encephalogram (EEG), the sleep parameters were analyzed.Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to evaluate the daytime sleepiness next day. The sleep parameters and ESS score were compared between 2 groups, and the correlation between sleep parameters and ESS score in the patients were analyzed. Results The ESS score was higher in the patients than in the controls (P<0.05); Compared with the controls, the total sleep time decreased (P<0.05), the sleep efficiency reduced (P<0.05), the percentage of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) stages 1 and 2 and the wakefulness stage increased (P<0.05), the percentage of NREM stages 3 and 4 decreased (P<0.05) in the patients; There was no significant difference in total recording time, sleep latency, REM latency, and arousal times between the patients and the controls (P>0.05). The ESS score was higher in the patients who attacked 3 times a month or more (group A) than less than 3 (group B). Compared with group B, the total sleep time decreased (P<0.05), the sleep efficiency reduced (P<0.05), the percentage of NREM stages 1 and 2 and the wakefulness stage increased (P<0.05), the percentage of NREM stages 3 and 4, and REM decreased (P<0.05) in group A. There was no significant difference in sleep latency, REM latency and arousal times between 2 groups (P>0.05). The ESS score of the patients was negatively correlated with sleep efficiency (r=-0.49, P<0.05) and the percentage of NREM stages 3 and 4 (r=-0.54, P<0.05), and was not correlated with other sleep parameters (P>0.05). Conclusion The sleep architecture of patients with adult partial epilepsy is abnormal, and their daytime sleepiness is more than healthy persons. Epileptic seizure can aggravate sleep architecture abnormality and daytime sleepiness. Abnormal sleep parameters are related with ESS score.