OBJECTIVE :To give sonic references for improving the quality of drug use and the regulations of pharmacy in China. METHODS: In this paper. OBRA - 90 and the situation of drug use review in America are introduced and analyzed,and inadequate insurance in drug use in China is pointed out.RESULTS & CONCLUSION :The drug use review system in USA is quite successful in ensuring the safety of drug use in public, and we can learn something from it to improve the quality of medication in China.

Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome

To observe the changes in hemorheology, endotoxin and TNF ? in blood after hemoperfusion(HP) with adsorbent immobilized polymyxin B (PMB) on sepsis in rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:LPS+HP+PMB,LPS+HP and LPS. All the rats received intravenously injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, Escherichia coil O111:B4,1mg/kg). Plasma of the rats in the group of LPS+HP+PMB was passed through a column containing sepharose coated activated charcoal immobilized polymyxin B at the 4th hour after LPS injection. The treated plasma was transfused bak after being mixed with blood cells. In LPS+HP group, the column did not contain immobilized polymyxin B. The animals of LPS group received LPS only. Quantitative endotoxin determination in blood was done with limulus amebocyte lysate test,TNF ? of the plasma assayed with ELISA, and hemorheology parameters were also observed after hemoperfusion. In LPS+HP+PMB group, the concentration of plasma was significantly decreased after hemoperfusion, but it was still significantly higher than the baseline value, and there was a decrease of blood cell ratio after hemoperfusion. The results suggest that specific adsorbent could remove endotoxin in the circulation and improve hemorheology.

Conducting polymers play important roles in tissue engineering and biomaterials. This paper introduces their syntheses and applications to medical engineering.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve ; surgery ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; complications ; Neurilemmoma ; complications ; Neurofibromatosis 2 ; complications

BACKGROUND:Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), a main cytokine inducing chondrocyte apoptosis of osteoarthritis, plays a regulatory role in the process of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE:To compare the rat models of chondrocyte apoptosis induced by different mass concentrations of TNF-α, thus providing theoretical basis for further study on the regulation of drugs on chondrocyte apoptosis. METHODS:Chondrocytes were isolated from the knee cartilage of 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats of clean grade by mechanical l col agenase digestion and were then incubated with different mass concentrations of TNF-αto induce apoptosis. The morphology of chondrocytes was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, cel s were identified using immunohistochemical staining of type II col agen, as wel as the cel viability and apoptosis were detected by MTT and DAPI, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) In vitro, the cytoplasm of chondrocytes was stained brown-yel ow by using immunohistochemical staining of type II col agen. (2) At 48 hours, the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes induced by 10, 20 and 30μg/L TNF-αwas significantly higher than that of the 0μg/L TNF-α(P<0.01), and the apoptosis rate of chondrocytes induced by 40μg/L TNF-αwas significantly higher than that of the 10μg/L TNF-α(P<0.01). (3) The viability of chondrocytes induced by 10, 20 and 40μg/L TNF-αwas significantly lower than that of the 0μg/L TNF-α(P<0.01). In detail, the viability of chondrocytes induced by 20μg/L TNF-αwas lower than that of the 10μg/L TNF-α(P<0.05);the viability of chondrocytes induced by 40μg/L TNF-αwas significantly lower than that of the 10 and 20μg/L TNF-α(P<0.01, P<0.05). (4) These results suggest that 20μg/L TNF-αcan successful y induce the chondrocyte apoptosis model.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of 2 mg/d and 4 mg/d of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Methods A total of 120 BPH patients were randomly divided into 2 groups receiving 2 mg or 4 mg terazosin per day for 2 months. Arterial blood pressure, International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) and peak flow rate (Qmax) before and after treatment were compared while side effects were estimated. Results Forty-six patients receiving 2 mg and 54 patients receiving 4 mg terazosin completed this study. Patients' age and pre-treatment blood pressure, IPSS and Qmax had no difference between the 2 groups. The improvement of IPSS (including obstructive score, irritating score and total IPSS) and Qmax was significantly better in 4 mg group. The percentage of patients experiencing greater than 30% improvement in Qmax in the 4 mg treatment groups was significantly higher than that of the 2 mg group (46.3% vs 23.9%, P=0.02). Side effects were rare and mild in both groups.Conclusion The improvements of IPSS and Qmax are significantly greater in 4 mg treatment of terazosin than that of 2 mg with no obvious increase of side effects.

Xiangxi (the western part of Hunan province) Liu's infantile tuina,as one main school of current infantile tuina in China,highlights the compatibility of the specific points of Wujing in children,the idea of treatment by syndrome differentiation,and produces unique efficacy in the treatment of common diseases in children.Exogenous fever in children can be treated with this method with excellent efficacy.Based on the clinical experience and effective cases treated by this tuina school,the authors elaborated the clinical thought and experience from the perspective view of tuina,for the promotion of Xiangxi Liu's infantile tuina in clinic.

CAS (Chrome azurol S) assay was a universal method for detecting the bacterial siderophores, and Sugar-Asn liquid medium has been applied to the studies on siderophores from Pieudomonas. In this paper, Asp has been substituted for Asn, and MSA-CAS agar plate was developed by integrating the MSA (sugar-Asp) medium and CAS bright blue dye, which has been used in the universal CAS assay. On the aspect of siderophores detection , 8 strains of 7 species from Pseudomonas had been screened on MSA-CAS agar plates and universal CAS assay respectively. The results showed that MSA-CAS agar was higher-sensitive and lower basic fluorescent than universal CAS assay.