Objective To investigate the clinical effects of the pulse indicator continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) in goal-optimized fluid management on patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure.Methods A total of 71 AECOPD patients with respiratory failure who were hospitalized in department of Critical Care Medicine in our hospital were selected from October 2010 to September 2013.The PiCCOtechnology was applied to monitor intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBI) and extravascular lung water index (ELWI).We compared the relationship of ELWI with ITBI and oxygenation index,and a simple correlation analysis was used for statistical analysis.Results A significantly negative correlation was found between ELWl and oxygenation index (r=-0.743,P＜0.01).ELWI =14 ml/kg was defined as the cutoff value for the subgroup analysis.A negative correlation still was found between ELWI and oxygenation index in the subgroup with ELWI ＜ 14 ml/kg,but it had no significant difference (r=-0.533,P=0.080),while a significantly negative correlation was found in the subgroup with ELWI≥14 ml/kg (r=-0.961,P＜0.01).There was no significant correlation between ELWI and ITBI (r=0.477,P=0.072).ITBI=1 000 ml/m2 was defined as the cutoff value for the subgroup analysis.There is no significant correlation between ELWI and ITBI in the subgroup with ITBI＜1 000 ml/m2(r=0.338,P=0.116),but in the subgroup with ITBI≥1 000 ml/m2,a significantly positive correlation between ELWI and ITBI was found (r=0.677,P＜ 0.01).Conclusions The results suggest that when ELWI is higher than 14 ml/kg,ELWI becomes an important influencing factor for oxygenation,which can be decreased to improve oxygenation in patients with AECOPD,and when ITBI≥ 1 000 ml/m2,ITBI can be reduced by decreasing ELWI.PiCCO has an important clinical significance on a goal-optimized fluid management in AECOPD patients with respiratory failure.

Objective To explore the effect of early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) according to pulse indicated continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) on septic shock patients.Methods Eighty-two septic shock patients in Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province from January 2009 to December 2012 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table,standard surviving sepsis bundle group (n=40) and modified surviving sepsis bundles group (n =42).The patients received the standard EGDT bundles in standard surviving sepsis bundle group.PiCCO catheter was placed in modified surviving sepsis bundles group.Fluid resuscitation was guided by intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI) with the aim of 850-1 000 mL/m2.Dobutamine was used to improve the heart function according to left ventricular contractile index (dPmax) and stroke volume index (SVI).The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was maintained 65 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) or above with norepinephrine.Extra-vascular lung water was monitored for the titration of liquid and diuretics.The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score,sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score,the number of patients needed vasopressor,serum procalcitonin (PCT),lactic acid and lactate extraction ratio,the amount of fluid resuscitation,duration of mechanical ventilation,duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay,hospital mortality were recorded in both groups.Results After treatment,the APACHE Ⅱ score,SOFA score and the number of patients needed vasopressor were gradually reduced in both groups,and those in modified surviving sepsis bundle group were significantly lower than those of standard sepsis bundle group at 72 hours (APACHE Ⅱ score:13.1 ± 6.5 vs.20.9 ± 7.5,SOFA score:8.8 ± 4.3 vs.14.6 ± 4.9,the number of patients needed vasopressor:8 vs.17,all P＜0.05).Arterial blood lactate clearance rate was gradually increased after treatment in both groups.Lactate clearance rate in modified surviving sepsis bundle group was significantly higher than that of standard surviving sepsis bundle group [6 hours:(18.2 ± 8.3)％ vs.(10.8 ± 7.5)％,t=-6.036,P=0.001 ; 12 hours:(22.6 ± 7.3)％ vs.(12.4 ± 8.1)％,t=-4.536,P=0.001 ; 24 hours:(27.8 ± 5.6)％ vs.(16.4 ± 9.5)％,t=-5.882,P=0.000].The amount of fluid resuscitation within 6 hours in modified surviving sepsis bundle group increased significantly compared with standard surviving sepsis bundle group (mL:3 608 ± 715 vs.2 809 ± 795,t=-3.865,P=0.033).The amount of fluid resuscitation within 24,48 and 72 hours in modified surviving sepsis bundle group was significantly less than that of standard modified surviving sepsis bundle group with the nadir at 72 hours (mL:918 ± 351 vs.1 805 ± 420,t=5.907,P=0.037).Duration of mechanical ventilation (hours:98.4 ± 20.3 vs.143.3 ± 29.6,t=9.766,P=0.001) and ICU stay (days:7.1 ± 3.1 vs.9.5 ± 2.5,t=2.993,P=0.004) were significantly reduced in modified surviving sepsis bundle group compared with standard surviving sepsis bundle group.The hospital mortality in modified surviving sepsis bundle group was slightly lower than that in standard surviving sepsis bundle group [16.7％(7/42)比 17.5％(7/40),x2=0.010,P=0.920].Conclusions Modified surviving sepsis bundle treatment according PiCCO can reduce the severity of disease in patients with septic shock,can make more accurately guide fluid resuscitation,and can reduce lung water and duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay.It has great clinical significance.

Adult ; Amides ; adverse effects ; Benzene ; adverse effects ; Burns, Chemical ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitro Compounds ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

Objective In order to understand the relationship between myoblast and Schwann cell,our purpose was to investigate the effects of biological characters of myoblasts co-cul tured with Schwann cells and pro vide the basic theory for constructing artificial muscle involving artificial nerve.Methods After sterilizing with iodine tincture and alcohol,the brachial plexus,sciatic nerve and triceps surae muscle of neonatal SD rat were harvested and peeled off their membranes,blood vessels and fat tissues under operating microscope thor oughly.The nerve and muscle tissues were cut in pieces by microscis sors,and then digested and isolated by collagenase and pancreatin in20and15minutes respectively.DMEM medium was employed to culture my oblasts and Schwann cells.After co-culturing myoblasts of rats with Schwann cells in vitro,the morphological characteristics and the growth condition of two cells were observed under inverted phase contrast mi croscope,the effects of Schwann cells secretion for proliferation of myoblasts were detected by 3 HTdR iso topic tracing and expressed by disintegration per minute(DPM),formation rate of myotubes was counted under micro scope and statistic data was analyzed,the functional differentiation degree of my oblasts affected by Schwann cells was analysed by?-sarcomeric actin immunohistochemistry(SABC)and imaging analysis tech nique.Results Co-cultured myoblasts proliferated,and myotubes ap peared earlier.Comparing with sole-cultured my oblasts,the shape of myobutes from co-cultured myoblasts tended to be elongating and robust.The value of DPM far-exceeded the control group,and reached its peak of 2500(just800for con-trol group).The positive cells of ?-sarcomeric actin appeared in brown red color.However,syn thesis and excre tion of a-sarcome ric actin in co-cultured myoblasts were much greater than control group,and the gray ash value between two groups was of a significant difference.Conclusion Primary rat myoblasts co-cultured with Schwann cells in vitro is beneficial in regulating its the growth,proliferation and the differentiation.

Objective To study the clinical significance of the serum angiopoietin-2(Ang-2) in the diagnosis,recurrence,invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.Methods The serum Ang-2 and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) levels in 158 patients with gastric cancer (gastric cancer group) and 30 normal controls(control group) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) technique respectively.The serum Ang-2 and CEA levels were also measured 2 weeks after operation in gastric cancer group and reexamined in the recurred gastric cancer patients in 2 years after operation (recurred and metastasis group).The correlation between the serum Ang-2 level and pathologic c haracterization of gastric cancer was evaluated.Results The serum Ang-2 and CEA levels in gastric cancer group [ (331.8 ±64.3),(42.6 ±37.3)μg/L] and recurred and metastasis group [(318.7 ±72.9),(40.5 ±36.7)μg/L] were significantly higher than those in control group [ (187.4 ± 32.7),(4.2 ± 3.1 )μ g/L] (P ＜ 0.01 ),and the serum Ang-2 level 2 weeks after operation [ (211.6 ± 75.1 ) μ g/L ] was significantly decreased to the control group (P ＞ 0.05 ),while the serum CEA level [ (33.4 ± 30.6) μ g/L ] was still significantly higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.01 ).The sensitivity of the serum Ang-2 for diagnosis of gastric cancer was markedly higher than that of the serum CEA (P ＜ 0.01 ).There was correlation between serum Ang-2 and degree of tumor differentiation,TNM pathological staging,lymphatic metastasis,invasion depth and tumor size (p ＜0.01 ),but there was no correlation between serum Ang-2 and tissue classification and location of gastric cancer (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The serum Ang-2 level is suggested to be a valuable gastric cancer marker and conduce to the diagnosis of gastric cancer,the monitoring of recurrence after operation and evaluation of prognosis.

Objective To improve the awareness of the CT and/or MRI appearances and clinical presentations of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome(KMS),6 cases were reported.Methods The CT and/or MRI and clinical characters of 6 cases of KMS were reviewed and analyzed.Results Thrombocytopenia,and consumption coagulopathy were presented in all 6 cases.The paravertebral mass of posterior mediastinum, right pericardial lesion,skin and soft tissue of left arm were shown as iso-,hypointensity on T1-weighted image,iso-,hyper-intensity on T_2-weighted image,and with heterogeneous enhancement after contrast administration in three cases.Splenomegaly was presented in one case,it showed homogenous hypoattenuation on unenhanced CT,and diffused heterogeneous enhancement after contrast administration. On MRI,spleen was shown as hypointensity on T_1-weighted image,hyperintensity on T_2-weighted image, and with heterogeneous enhancement after contrast administration.There were lesions in both bones and spleen in one case.Osteopenia and thinned cortex were shown on the metaphyses of upper and lower extremities.Spleen enlarged and showed multifocal hypoattenuation lesions,the peripheral region enhanced on the early phase,and some of the lesions filled on the delayed phase after the contrast administration.One case showed huge hypoattenuation lesion in the left lobe of liver with gradually filling of the mass after peripheral enhancement.Conclusion Thrombocytopenia and consumption coagulopathy suggest the entity of extensive hemangioma.Splenomegaly with diffuse or focal hypoattenation or hypointensity in MRI infers the diagnosis of hemangioma.

Objective To investigate the relationship between HIF-1αand bevacizumab resistant in o-vary cancer,and explore the influence on ovary cancer cell by HIF-1α.Methods The correlation was analyzed between HIF-1αexpression and clinicopathological parameters using immunohistochemistry in 62 patients with ovarian cancer.In addition,the expression of HIF-1αand VEGF were evaluated by real time PCR or Western Blot in SKOV3 and ES-2 cell under CoCl 2 treatment.Results HIF-1αwas overexpressed in cancer tissue, and its high levels were related to CA125(P=0.027)and resistant to bevacizumab(P<0.001).Moreover,CoCl2 could induce high expressions of HIF-1αand VEGF,when compared to normal condition.Conclusion Our findings suggest that HIF-1αis associated with resistant to bevacizumab.It is more chemotherapeutic sensitivity when combined with bevacizumab and HIF-1αantibody.

Objective To evaluate the role ofpleth variability index (PVI) by passive leg raising (PLR) test in volume responsiveness and volume status prediction in patients with septic shock.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted.Eighty-seven patients suffering from septic shock undergoing mechanical ventilation in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Subei People's Hospital from June 2012 to September 2014 were enrolled.The hemodynamic changes before and after PLR were monitored by pulse indicated continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) and PVI monitoring.Responsive group:positive fluid response was defined as an increase in cardiac index (CI) ≥ 10％ after PLR.Unresponsive group:negative fluid response was defined as an increase in CI ＜ 10％ after PLR.The hemodynamic parameters,including heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),central venous pressure (CVP),stroke volume variation (SVV),CI and PVI,and the changes in cardiac parameters (△ HR,△ MAP,△ CVP,△ SVV,△ CI,and △ PVI) before and after PLR were determined.The relations between hemodynamic parameters and their changes with △ CI were analyzed by the Pearson analysis.The role of the parameters for volume responsiveness prediction was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results 145 PLRs in 87 patients with septic shock were conducted,with 67 in responsive group and 78 in unresponsive group.There were no statistically significant differences in HR,MAP,CVP and CI before PLR between the responsive and unresponsive groups.SVV and PVI in responsive group were significantly higher than those in the unresponsive group [SVV:(16.9± 3.1)％ vs.(8.4±2.2) ％,t =9.078,P =0.031; PVI:(20.6±4.3)％ vs.(11.1 ±3.2)％,t =19.189,P =0.022].There were no statistically significant differences in HR,MAP,CVP,SVV,and PVI after PLR between the responsive group and unresponsive group.CI in the responsive group was significantly higher than that in the unresponsive group (mL·s-1·m-2:78.3±6.7 vs.60.0±8.3,t =2.902,P =0.025).There were no statistically significant differences in △HR,△MAP,△ CVP between responsive group and unresponsive group.△ SVV,△ CI and △ PVI in responsive group were significantly higher than those in the unresponsive group [△ SVV:(4.6 ± 1.5)％ vs.(1.8 ± 0.9)％,t =11.187,P =0.022;△ CI (mL·s-1·m-2):18.3 ± 1.7 vs.1.7 ± 0.5,t =3.696,P =0.014; △ PVI:(6.4 ± 1.1)％ vs.(1.3 ± 0.2)％,t =19.563,P =0.013].No significant correlation between HR,MAP or CVP before PLR and △ CI was found.SVV (r =0.850,P =0.015) and PVI (r =0.867,P =0.001) before PLR were correlated with △ CI.It was shown by ROC curve that the area under ROC curve (AUC) for SVV fluid responsiveness prediction was 0.948,and cut-off of SVV was 12.4％,the sensitivity was 85.4％,and specificity was 86.6％.The AUC for PVI fluid responsiveness prediction was 0.957,and cut-off was 14.8％,the sensitivity was 87.5％,and specificity was 84.8％.It was higher than other hemodynamic parameters (HR,MAP,CVP).Conclusions PVI and SVV can better predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilating patients with septic shock after PLR.PVI as a new continuous,noninvasive and functional hemodynamic parameter has the same accuracy as SVV.

Objective To explore the correlations of extravascular lung water index (ELWI),oxygenation index and intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBI) in patients with acute exacerbation chronicobstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and examine the significance of ELWI in fluid management.Methods A total of 63 hospitalized AECOPD patients with respiratory failure were recruited from our hospital from October 2010 to April 2013.Pulse indicator continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) technology was employed to monitor ITBI and ELWI.We compared the relationship of ELWI,ITBI and oxygenation index.And simple correlation analysis was used for statistical processing.Results Significant negative correlation existed in ELWI and oxygenation index (r =-0.741,P ＜ 0.01).ELWI 14 ml/kg was defined as a cutoff value for subgroup analysis.A negative correlation existed between ELWI and oxygenation index in the subgroup with ELWI ＜ 14 ml/kg,but there was no significant difference (r =-0.524,P =0.080) ; in the subgroup with ELWI ≥ 14 ml/kg,there was significant negative correlation (r =-0.952,P ＜ 0.01).No significant correlation existed between ELWI and ITBI (r =0.477,P =0.072).ITBI 1 000 ml/m2 was defined as a cutoff value for subgroup analysis.No significant difference existed in the subgroup with ITBI ＜ 1 000 ml/m2 (r =0.332,P =0.117).However,significant positive correlation existed in the subgroup with ITBI≥ 1 000 ml/m2 (r =0.677,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Excessive extravascular lung water is an important factor for acute exacerbation of COPD leading to respiratory failure.

To enhance the immunogenicity of DNA and adenoviral vector vaccines expressing HIV-1 subtype B gp160, human interleukin 15 (hIL15) DNA adjuvant (pVR-hIL15) was constructed. BALB/c mice received DNA prime/protein boost immunization with pVR-HIVgp160/Ad5-HIVgp160 alone or combined with pVR-hIL15. Cellular and humoral immune responses were evaluated by IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Compared with those immunized with vaccines alone, the mice immunized with vaccines combined with pVR-hIL15 had significantly increased specific cellular response and antibody titer (P < 0.05). It suggests that the IL15 DNA adjuvant can enhance the immune responses induced by prime-boost regimen using DNA and adenoviral vector encoding HIV-1 subtype B gp160.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 ; immunology ; HIV Envelope Protein gp160 ; genetics ; immunology ; HIV Envelope Protein gp41 ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Humoral ; Interleukin-15 ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Vaccines, DNA ; genetics ; immunology