Arthritis, Juvenile ; classification ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a very practical subject, which has its unique theoretical system and clinical characteristics. In the course of clinical practice, the exact clinical efficacy is the key of existence and development. But the existing evaluation system is difficult to objectively evaluate the clinical efficacy of TCM. Therefore, how to objectively evaluate the clinical efficacy and get definitive evidence is the focus of the evaluation of clinical efficacy of TCM. Relative to modern medicine, TCM is more concerned about the changes of feelings and clinical symptoms of the patient in the course of the evolution of the disease. Soft targets mainly used for the evaluation of the clinical efficacy of symptoms and functional activity of the disease. The level in soft targets of processing technology is often used methods in clinical evaluation. But it has often produced the phenomenon which the results of the evaluation is mutual contradiction, which will ultimately affect the effect of evaluation of clinical efficacy of TCM. In order to better evaluate the clinical efficacy of TCM, in the process of adoption of soft targets, it clearly identify it's role, highlighting the characteristics of interventions on disease, and as much as possibly avoid the level in soft targets of processing technology to real assess clinical efficacy of TCM.
Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Research Design ; Treatment Outcome

Anemia, Macrocytic ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Cri-du-Chat Syndrome ; Humans ; Trisomy

Objective To synthesize 99Tcm- (hydrazinonictinamide- [Lys3] -bombesin) (tricine)(trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3',3"-trisulfonate) ((HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS) (tricine) (TPPTS)) and evaluate its biodistribution and binding capability with tumor tissue in Balb/c nude mice bearing human pancreatic cancer xenografts. Methods HYNIC was conjugated to the [Lys3] -BBS at pH = 9.0 with SnCl2 as reducing agent and both tricine and TPPTS as coligands for 99Tcm-labeling. 99Tcm-HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS)(tricine) (TPPTS) was purified by Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and was analysed by HPLC. The radiochemical purity and radiolabeling yield were measured. The stability of 99Tcm-(HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS) (tricine)(TPPTS) in serum, biodistribution (% ID/g) in the normal mice and imaging of the Balb/c nude mice bearing human pancreatic cancer xenografts in vivo were studied. Results The radiolabeling yield was (90 ±2)% and the radiochemical purity was over 95%. The radiochemical purity after 4 h in serum was over 85%. The distribution in normal mice showed rapid clearance from blood (the uptake was (0.07 ±0.01) %ID/g at 2 h postinjection). 99Tcm-(HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS) (tricine) (TPPTS) was excreted mainly via the kidney with little radioactivity accumulation in the liver and gastrointestinal tract (the uptake of liver, stomach, intestine was (0.27 ±0.03), (0.06 ±0.03), (0.04 ±0.00) %ID/g at 2 h postinjection). Marked uptake of radioactivity was found in tumor tissue of the Balb/c nude mice bearing human pancreatic cancer with maximum T/NT ratio of 3.71 ± 0.57 at 2 h postinjection. Conclusions 99Tcm-(HYNIC-[Lys3]-BBS)(tricine) (TPPTS) can be easily prepared with high radiolabeling yield and radiochemical purity. The stability in serum and good biodistribution charateristics make it useful for the diagnosis of human pancreatic cancer with over-expression of the gastric-releasing peptide(GRP) receptor.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the outcome of Titanium elastic intramedullary nailing (TEN) for the treatment of displaced midclavicular fractures.

METHODSBetween February 2010 and February 2013, 62 patients with displaced midclavicular fractures were treated by TEN, including 27 males and 35 females with an average age of 37.6 years old ranging from 15 to 67 years. The course of disease was from 1 to 9 days (means 2.7 days). Thirty-nine cases were treated by closed reduction and 23 cases by assistant small incision. Based on OTA (the Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification) classification, 31 cases of simple fractures involved 5 cases of 06-A1,15 cases of 06-A2,11 cases of 06-A3; 31 cases of wedge fractures involved 4 cases of 06-B1,12 cases of 06-B2,15 cases of 06-B3. Postoperative pain relief were evaluated by VAS score,and operation time,fracture healing time were recorded. After 6 weeks and after removing internal fixation shoulder joint function was evaluated by Constant score, and shoulder joint function were assessed by Herscovici score after 6 weeks.

RESULTSExcept 2 cases were lost to follow-up, 2 cases did not remove internal fixation, 3 cases' fractures were nonunion, the remaining 55 patients received follow-up for an average time of 11.4 months. The average preoperative VAS score was 5.20±0.71, and it turned to be 1.550.59 at 3 days after operation. The average operative duration was 40 min (15 to 65 min). The average bone healing time was (2.71±0.54) months (2 to 5 months). No difference about bone healing time was found between simple fractures and wedge fractures,and between the patients treated by closed reduction and assistant small incision. According to Herscovici standard, the shoulder function was excellent in 49 cases, good in 4, fair in 1, and poor in 1. Simple fractures achieved better Constant score than wedge fractures at 6 weeks postoperatively, whereas no difference was found at 4 weeks after fixation removal.

CONCLUSIONTitanium elastic nails (TEN) for treatment of displaced midclavicular fractures has advantages of good clinical effect,rapid pain relief,fast recovery of shoulder joint function. For OTA classification type B patients with comminuted fracture can replace steel to achieve very good effect, but to grasp the appropriate.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Clavicle ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical results of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for posterior Pilon fracture through posterolateral approach.

METHODSSeventeen patients with posterior Pilon fracture were treated through posterolateral approach from February 2010 to April 2013. Among them,including 11 males and 6 females aged from 29 to 59 with an average of 43.4 years old. All fractures were associated with more than 20% of articular surface of distal tibial. The causes of injury included falling down (11 cases), traffic accident (4 cases) and sports injury(6 cases). Fracture classification was based on posterior pilon fracture by YU Guang-rong, including type I (6 cases), type II (2 cases) and type III (6 cases). Fracture healing time, fracture reduction and postoperative complications were observed, AOFAS score were applied to evaluate clinical efficacy.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 13 to 24 months with an average of 20.5 months. All incisions were healed at stage I, and fractures obtained healing,the time of fracture healing ranged from 12 to 21 weeks with an average of 15.2 weeks. No incision infection, neurovascular injury, bone ununion and fracture deformity were found after operation. Postoperative AOFAS score was 92.0 ± 10.2, and 14 cases got excellent results, 2 good and 1 moderate.

CONCLUSIONPosterior pilon fracture through posterolateral approach could obtain effective reduction, stable fixation. It is a safe, simple and effective operation for treating posterior Pilon fracture, and it is worth popularizing.

Adult ; Ankle Fractures ; surgery ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of combination of Lumbrukinase Capsule (LC) and Probucol Tablet (PT) in treating cerebral infarction (CI) patients' unstable atheromatous plaque of the carotid artery.

METHODS150 patients were randomly assigned to the PT group and the LC group, 75 cases in each. Patients in the PT group took 0.5 g PT each time, twice daily. On the basis of PT, patients in the LC group also took 600 thousand U LC, thrice daily. The treatment course was 12 months for all. The serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, fibrinogen (FIB), and changes of the carotid atherosclerotic plaque were measured before treatment, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Meanwhile, adverse events were recorded.

RESULTSThe serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C were all lower 6 months after treatment than before treatment in the two groups, showing statistical significance (P < 0.05). The serum level of HDL-C was higher 6 months after treatment than before treatment in the two groups, showing no statistical significance (P > 0.05). When compared with before treatment in the same group, the serum level of FIB significantly decreased after treatment. Besides, there was statistical difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the serum levels of blood lipids or FIB between 12-month treatment and 6-month treatment in the same group (P > 0.05). The plaque effective rate in the LC group was superior to that of the PT group, showing statistical significance (P < 0.01). During the treatment period, the occurrence of cerebrovascular event was lower in the LC group than in the PT group (P < 0.05). Partial patients in the two groups had gastric discomfort.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination of LC and PT could prevent and treat arteriosclerosis, stabilize the plaque, effectively lower the occurrence of ischemic events. Its clinical application did not increase the risk of hemorrhage. It was safe and effective, worthy of spreading. It was necessary to further observe whether combination of LC and PT could increase side effects of the digestive tract.

Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Biological Products ; therapeutic use ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; drug therapy ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Materia Medica ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Oligochaeta ; enzymology ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; drug therapy ; Probucol ; therapeutic use ; Serine Endopeptidases ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

To investigate the metabolic rate and metabolites of 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide, which is the main active ingredient in Xiyanping injection, by using the in vitro rat liver microsome incubation system. 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide was incubated together with liver microsome mixed with NADPH. Its metabolic rate was studied by determining its residual concentrations with the UHPLC-MS/MS method; Its metabolites were identified by the UPLC-TOF-MS(E) method. The results showed that 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide was metabolized faster than rat liver microsomes mixed with coenzymes, with t½ and CL of (19.7 ± 0.5) min and (35.1 ± 0.8) mL x min(-1) x g(-1) (protein), respectively. Based on the high resolution mass spectrum data and information from literatures, altogether nine metabolites of 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide were identified in the incubation system, particularly hydroxylated and dehydrogenized products. The results of identification would provide a basis for screening out more active andrographolide derivatives.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diterpenes ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Microsomes, Liver ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Rats ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry