Objective To explore the role of PLC/PIP2 signal pathway in the changes of mouse thymus CD4 + CD25 + NRP1 + Treg and TGF-β1 after different doses of X-ray irradiation Methods 36 ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to the irradiation doses of 0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 and 6.0 Gy,respectively.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of NRP1 + Treg,and ELISA was used to detect the expression of TGF-β1 in mouse thymocytes at 16 h post-irradiation.The EL-4 cells were irradiated by X-rays at the dose of 4.0 Gy after co-cultured with the PMA and TMB-8 for 2 hours.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of NRP1 + Treg,and ELISA was used to detect the changes of TGF-β1 at 48 h post-irradiation.Results The NRP1 + Treg appeared a transient decrease at both 0.5 and 1.0 Gy irradiation and reached its valley value at 1.0 Gy (t =6.96,P ＜ 0.01),then showed a dosedependent increase and reached its peak at 6.0 Gy (t =6.70,P ＜ 0.01).The TGF-β1 level decreased after 0.5 Gy X-rays (t =12.53,P ＜0.01),then increased at a dose-dependent manner and reached its peak at 4.0 Gy (t =10.40-19.56,P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the sham-irradiation,NRP1 + Treg was decreased significantly after PMA treatment (t =3.06,P ＜ 0.01),while it was up-regulated significantly after irradiation in the presence of PMA (t =8.27,P ＜ 0.01).TGF-β1 was reduced in the presence of PMA with or without irradiation (t =10.46-39.69,P ＜ 0.01).NRP1 + Treg and TGF-β1 were increased significantly after TMB-8 treatment (t =5.53-44.26,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions NRP1 + Treg cells and TGF-β1 were up-regulated after a high dose radiation,and the PLC/PIP2 signal pathway may participate in the regulation.

BACKGROUND:The linkage and synergistic effect of adaptor proteins can effectively regulate signal transduction of T cel s, which can form a limit or amplification cascade to realize the complex immune function of T cel s. C-terminal Src kinase (Csk)-binding protein (Cbp) is an adaptor protein, which mainly exert the negative feedback regulation of Src kinase activity. This negative feedback effect depends on Y317 of Cbp, which may be involved in the SH2 domain of Csk. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of high expression of Cbp on ultrastructure and related biological function of Jurkat cel s. METHODS:The virus particles were constructed with expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) only and Cbp-EGFP fusion protein to transfect Jurkat cel s. There were untransfected group (Jurkat group), negative control group (transfected with expression of EGFP virus only), and Cbp group (transfected with Cbp-EGFP virus). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Confocal microscope showed that cel transfection efficiency was more than 95%and Cbp was located on the cel membrane. Optical microscope showed after transfection with Cbp-EGFP virus, more Jurkat cel s shrunk, with poor size uniformity. Apoptosis detection showed that after transfection with Cbp-EGFP virus, the number of apoptotic and necrotic cel s was greatly increased. Cbp mRNA expression was increased, Csk expression was decreased obviously and lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase expression was increased. So, in Jurkat cel s, the high expression of Cbp can decrease the uniformity of cel s and increase the necrosis cel s, thus inhibiting the signal transduction.

BACKGROUNDSevoflurane and propofol are effective cardioprotective anaesthetic agents, though the cardioprotection of propofol has not been shown in humans. Their roles and underlying mechanisms in anesthetic postconditioning are unclear. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening is a major cause of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Here we investigated sevoflurane- and propofol-induced postconditioning and their relationship with MPTP.

METHODSIsolated perfused rat hearts were exposed to 40 min of ischemia followed by 1 h of reperfusion. During the first 15 min of reperfusion, hearts were treated with either control buffer (CTRL group) or buffer containing 20 micromol/L atractyloside (ATR group), 3% (v/v) sevoflurane (SPC group), 50 micromol/L propofol (PPC group), or the combination of atractyloside with respective anesthetics (SPC+ATR and PPC+ATR groups). Infarct size was determined by dividing the total necrotic area of the left ventricle by the total left ventricular slice area (percent necrotic area).

RESULTSHearts treated with sevoflurane or propofol showed significantly better recovery of coronary flow, end-diastolic pressures, left ventricular developed pressure and derivatives compared with controls. Sevoflurane resulted in more protective alteration of hemodynamics at most time point of reperfusion than propofol. These improvements were paralleled with the reduction of lactate dehydrogenase release and the decrease of infarct size (SPC vs CTRL: (17.48+/-2.70)% vs (48.47+/-6.03)%, P<0.05; PPC vs CTRL: (35.60+/-2.10)% vs (48.47+/-6.03)%, P<0.05). SPC group had less infarct size than PPC group (SPC vs PPC: (17.48+/-2.70)% vs (35.60+/-2.10)%, P<0.05). Atractyloside coadministration attenuated or completely blocked the cardioprotective effect of postconditioning of sevoflurane and propofol.

CONCLUSIONPostconditioning of sevoflurane and propofol has cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury of heart, which is associated with inhibition of MPTP opening. Compared to propofol, sevoflurane provides superior protection of functional recovery and infarct size.

Anesthesia ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Heart ; drug effects ; Hemodynamics ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Methyl Ethers ; pharmacology ; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins ; physiology ; Perfusion ; Propofol ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tetrazolium Salts ; pharmacology

Objective To detect the Yersinia pestis plasmid and molecular weight along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.Methods Yersinia pestis plasmids molecular weight detected and analyzed using alkaline lysis,phenol-chloroform extraction of Yersinia pestis plasmid by agarose gel electrophoresis.Results The 18 Yersinia pestis strains of Qinghai-Tibet Railway contained 6×106,45×106,52×106,65×106,92×106plasmid,varing in the range of the 52×106-92×106.Conclusions The Yersinia pestis of Qinghai-Tibet Railway has a standardplasmid graphics,with the biggest Yersinia pestis plasmid changing in a certain regular degree,which providessignificance in the study of plague natural foci of the spatial structure and the genetic.characteristics of Yersiniapestis.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and the application values of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for the assessment of meniscal injury and in distinguishing meniscus degeneration and tears.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 70 patients suspected of meniscus injury and scheduled for arthroscopy in Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University from November 2019 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty age-and sex-matched healthy subjects were also examined as controls. All subjects received knee joint QSM and routine MR imaging. According to the results of arthroscopy, the patients was divided into meniscus degeneration and meniscus tear groups, respectively. The conventional MR was evaluated by two radiologists. The meniscus injury area was delineated on the original QSM magnitude images (the central area of the posterior corner of the lateral meniscus was selected in the healthy controls) and mapped to the corresponding QSM maps, and the magnetic susceptibility values were measured. Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to analyze the magnetic sensitivity values of meniscal degeneration, meniscal tear and healthy control groups; and Bonferroni was used to correct the pairwise comparison. ROC curve was established to evaluate the threshold and efficacy of magnetic susceptibility value in the diagnosis of meniscal tear. The results were compared with those of conventional MRI. Results:The magnetic susceptibility values of meniscus of healthy controls, meniscal degeneration and meniscal tear groups were (0.035±0.016)ppm, -0.031(-0.040,-0.005)ppm, and(-0.122±0.115)ppm, respectively, with significant difference found among the three groups (χ2=44.419, P<0.05). The magnetic susceptibility values of meniscus of healthy controls was significantly higher than those of meniscus degeneration patients and meniscus tear patients (χ2=-23.843, -48.253, P<0.05). The magnetic susceptibility values of meniscus of meniscus tear group was significant lower than those of meniscus degeneration group (χ2=-24.410, P<0.05). Taking magnetic susceptibility values of -0.062 5 ppm as threshold, the area under the ROC curve for the diagnosis of meniscal tears was 0.949, with the sensitivity as 87% and the specificity as 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of conventional MRI in the diagnosis of meniscal tears were 86.8% and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusion:QSM can quantitatively evaluate meniscus injury and can be used as an effective supplement method to conventional MRI, which is helpful to improve the diagnosis of meniscus tear.

Objective To investigate the effect of enriched environment (EE) on behavior and expression of mitogenactivated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) in hippocampus of depression rats induced by chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUS) and to provide clues for the molecular mechanism of treating depression.Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group,CUS group,fluoxetine group and EE group,with 10 rats in each group.The rats in CUS group,fluoxetine group and EE group were given 8 weeks of CUS,and from the fifth week,the rats in EE group and fluoxetine group were given EE and fluoxetine for 4 weeks,respectively.The changes of behavioristic of the rats in the four groups were evaluated by body mass gain,open field test,and sucrose preference.The expression of MKP-1 in hippocampus was detected by Western blot.Results There was no significant difference in body mass,distance of horizontal movement,the number of upright,the times of passing through the grid and sucrose preference index among the four groups(P ＞ 0.05).After modeling,compared with the control group,the body mass gain,distance of horizontal movement,the number of up-right,the times of passing through the grid and sucrose preference index in the CUS group,fluoxetine group and EE group were decreased significantly(P ＜ 0.05);there was no significant difference in the body mass gain,distance of horizontal movement,the number of up-right,the times of passing through the grid and sucrose preference index among the CUS group,fluoxetine group and EE group(P ＞ 0.05).After intervening by fluoxetine and EE,the body mass gain,distance of horizontal movement,the number of up-right,the times of passing through the grid and sucrose preference index in the CUS group were lower than those in the control group(P ＜0.05);but there was no significant difference in the body mass gain,distance of horizontal movement,the number of up-right,the times of passing through the grid and sucrose preference index between the control group and the fluoxetine group and EE group(P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the CUS group,the body mass gain,distance of horizontal movement,the number of up-right,the times of passing through the grid and sucrose preference index in the fluoxetine group and EE group were higher(P ＜ 0.05);there was no significant difference in the body mass gain,distance of horizontal movement,the number of up-right,the times of passing through the grid and sucrose preference index between the fluoxetine group and EE group (P ＞ 0.05).The expression of MKP-1 in hippocampus of CUS group and EE group was higher than that in the control group (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of MKP-1 in hippocampus between the fluoxetine group and control group(P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the CUS group,the expression of MKP-1 in hippocampus in the fluoxetine group decreased (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of MKP-1 in hippocampus between the EE group and CUS group(P ＞0.05).Compared with the fluoxetine group,the expression of MKP-1 in hippocampus in the EE group was higher(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion EE can significantly improve depressive symptoms in rats,but it has no significant effect on MKP-1 protein expression in hippocampus,and EE may not act on depression by affecting MKP-1.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratin-5 ; metabolism ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prostate ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

BACKGROUNDProteasome subunits (PSMB) and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) loci are located in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class II region play important roles in immune response and protein degradation in neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PSMB and TAP and Parkinson's disease (PD).

METHODSA case-control study was conducted by genotyping SNPs in PSMB8, PSMB9, TAP1, and TAP2 genes in the Chinese population. Subjects included 542 sporadic patients with PD and 674 healthy controls. Nine identified SNPs in PSMB8, PSMB9, TAP1, and TAP2 were genotyped through SNaPshot testing.

RESULTSThe stratified analysis of rs17587 was specially performed on gender. Data revealed that female patients carry a higher frequency of rs17587-G/G versus (A/A + G/A) compared with controls. But there was no significant difference with respect to the genotypic frequencies of the SNPs in PSMB8, TAP1, and TAP2 loci in PD patients.

CONCLUSIONChinese females carrying the rs17587-G/G genotype in PSMB9 may increase a higher risk for PD, but no linkage was found between other SNPs in HLA Class II region and PD.

ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 2 ; genetics ; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 3 ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigen Presentation ; Case-Control Studies ; Cysteine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; immunology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; genetics

Objective To observe the brain activation of interictal epiletiform discharges(IEDs) and to localize the epileptogenic foci of epilepsy.Methods The electroencephalogram(EEG)and functional MRI data of 12 focal epileptic patients were acquired using a combination of EEG and functional MRI simultaneously.The IEDs onset time detected with EEG were set as the time parameters in an event- related paradigm of functional MRI analysis.The spatial and temporal characters of IEDs activation were analyzed in detail.In order to confirm the consistency of this method,all patients were scanned repeatedly and the results were correlated with clinical evaluation.Results Of the 12 patients,valid data from EEG- fMRI were obtained from 10 patients in a total of 18 sessions..Compared with the structural foci,the epileptic foci localization results of eleven sessions were good,five sessions were fairly good,and two sessions were poor.The results obtained from six patients in two separate sessions were concordant.respectively.Moreover,thalamic activation was detected in ten sessions,cerebellar activation was detected in all sessions,and the deactivation was found in the default mode loci in nine sessions. Conclusion The method of performing EEG and fMRI simultaneously can potentially be a useful tool in epilepsy research.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of fixation of Kirschner needle and thread cancellous bone screw through the sinus tarsi interstice for the treatment of calcaneal fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to December 2012,20 patients with calcaneal fracture were treated by minimally invasive Kirschner wire and threaded cancellous bone screw fixation and bone graft,including 12 males and 8 females with an average age of 39 years old ranging from 21 to 65. Among them, 8 cases were left foot, 12 were right foot. According to Sanders's classification, 8 cases were type II, 10 cases were type III, 2 cases were type IV.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 16 months with an average of 12 months. The incision were healed. Böhler angle were increased from preoperative (17.75 +/- 4.22) degrees to postoperative (26.85 +/- 7.37) degrees (t = 4.308, P = 0.000). Gissane angle were reduced from preoperative (137.05 +/- 24.91) degrees to postoperative (113.75 +/- 13.17) degrees (t = 7.083, P = 0.000). At 3 months after operation, the scores of AOFAS were 85.50 +/- 7.99; the results were excellent in 5 feet and good in 11 feet, fair in 3 feet, and poor in 1 foot.

CONCLUSIONMinimally invasive fixation of Kirschner needle and thread cancellous bone screw fixation is a simple operation, it can get reliable fixation, easy to remove, low cost, less postoperative complications, and it is a good treatment of calcaneal fracture.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Screws ; Bone Wires ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged