Objective To study the effect of atlantoaxial pedicle and lateral mass screw in treat-ment of atlantoaxial instability. Methods A retrospective analysis was done on 11 eases of aflantoaxi-al instability treated with atlantoaxial pedicle and lateralmass screw from June 2006 to December 2007. Results The postoperative radiographs verified good position of all screws, with satisfactory atlantoaxial reduction. Follow-up for 3-21 months (average 12 months) showed no spinal cord and vertebral artery in-jury or interfixation failure. Conclusion Atlantoaxial pediele and lateral mass screw technique is a convenient method with solid fixation for treatment of atlantoaxial instability.

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features of hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) secondary to brainstem hemorrhage. Methods The clinical data of one patient with HOD secondary to brainstem hemorrhage was retrospectively analyzed. Results The patient was hospitalized with paroxysmal and body involuntary jitter and other extrapyramidal symptoms. After admission, MRI scan showed bilateral inferior olive nucleus of medulla oblongata were localized hypertrophy. Conclusion The main clinical manifestation of HOD secondary to brainstem hemorrhage is extrapyramidal symptom. The imaging features are abnormal signals and localized hypertrophy at inferior olive nucleus.

This study was aimed to observe the analgesia of curing-injury Cataplasma and discuss the Nav1 . 7 expression in dorsal root ganglion ( DRG ) in model rats with formaldehyde-induced inflammatory pain . A total of 36 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups, which were the blank control group (n = 12), model group ( n = 12 ) , and treatment group ( n = 12 ) . The blank control group was without any treatment . The model group was injected with 0 . 1 mL 5% saline formalin on the left rear foot . The treatment group was applied with curing-injury Cataplasma on the left rear foot 24 h before the injection of 0 . 1 mL 5% saline formalin in the establishment of animal model . The behavior reactions to pain of model rats were observed . Dubuisson score was recorded and compared . Meanwhile , L3-6 DRG was collected from rats in each group . The expres-sion of Nav1 . 7 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot . The results showed that the pain reaction integral in the treatment group was lower than the model group ( P < 0 . 05 ) . Results from the real-time quantitative PCR showed that the relative expression of Nav1 . 7 mRNA in the model group was more than the treatment group . And the relative expression of Nav1 . 7 mRNA in the treatment group was more than the blank control group . There was significant difference among three groups ( P < 0 . 05 ) . There was no statistical difference at the three time points within three groups. Results from the western blot showed that the relative expression of Nav1 . 7 in the model group was more than the treatment group . And the expression of Nav1 . 7 in the treatment group was more than the blank control group . There was significant difference among three groups (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference at the three time points within three groups. It was concluded that the curing-injury Cataplasma can alleviate inflammatory pain response in rats, and have certain analgesia effect . Meanwhile , it can influence Nav1 . 7 expression in DRG in model rats with formaldehyde-induced inflam-matory pain .

Objective:To investigate effects of tumor specific TCR gene Vα12.2-Vβ7.1 modification on recognition of tumor antigen and activation of anti-tumor reactivity of T cells.Methods: T cells were transduced using recombinant Ad 5F35-TRAV-TRBV adenovirus ,and multiplicity of infection was optimized.Specific lysis of T cells was evaluated by calcein release assay.The frequency of apoptotic cells in target cells was detected by Annexin V /PI double-labeled FACS.The expression of FasL on T cells was analyzed by FACS.The secretion of cytokine IFN-γand IL-2 of T cells was determined by ELISA assays.Results: The highest tranduce efficiency was obtained at MOI 100 by recombinant Ad5F35-TRAV-TRBV adenovirus.The frequency of TCRVα12+Vβ7+cells reached above 25%3 days after transduction.TCR gene modification enhanced the ability of T cells to lyse HLA-A2+AFP+target cells(P<0.001), the ability of T cells to induce HepG-2 apoptosis(P<0.001),and expression of FasL on T cells(P<0.001).TCR gene modification also enhanced T cells to secret IFN-γafter coculture with antigen positive tumor cells ( P<0.001 ).Conclusion: Specific TCR gene modification by recombinant adeno virus effectively promotes T cells to recognize antigen positive tumor cell and exert anti -tumor reac-tivity.

Objective To explore the clinical observation experience and nursing care for patients in checking of adenosine infusion 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging.Methods Fifty cases performed check of adenosine infusion 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging following strict indications and contraindication and strengthened mental health education.Patients' electrocardiogram,blood pressure and adverse reaction were closely monitored after adenosine was injected.Meanwhile,patients' complaints were highly concerned and first aid or prevention for complication were prepared.Results Among 50 cases,9 cases had no adverse reaction,39 cases had mild adverse reactions,2 cases had obvious adverse reaction,and no patients had serious adverse reaction such as arrhythmia,acute myocardial infarction,bronchial asthma and so on.Fifty cases went through the check without unexpected event.Conclusions It is important to strengthen patients' observation and nursing care in the checking of adenosine infusion 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging,so that we can help patients complete the check successfully and ensure their security.

Background Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)is a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)hereditary disease,so it is significant to understand the influence of DNA mutation on the occurrence of LHON.Objective This survey was to evaluate the role of mtDNA mutation in the development of LHON.Methods This survey study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command and written informed consent was obtained from each subject before the relative medial examination.Seventy-two matrilineal relatives from a family with LHON were collected for a pedigree analysis and mutation screening.Regular eye examination was performed on 11 patients,13 mutant gene carriers and 49 individuals with normal phenotype,and the degree of visual damage was graded as follows: ＞0.3 was normal,0.1-0.3 was mild damage,＜0.05-0.1 was moderate damage,＜0.02-0.05 was severe damage and ＜0.01 was very severe damage.Clinical characteristics of LHON was evaluated.The periphery blood sample of 2-4 ml was collected from individuals to separate the mononuclear cells,and the mtDNA was extracted by modified high salt method.MtDNA was amplified by PCR and the mutation loci was sequenced.Results PCR amplification product sequencing of mutant gene showed that both G11778A and T14502C mutations were detected in 24 of 72 matrilineal relatives,but only 11 of 24 carriers developed LHON.No abnormal clinical findings were seen in the 13 carriers,showing a less 50％ penetrance in this family.There was no G11778A or/and T14502C mutation in the normal phenotype individuals of this family.The onset age for vision impairment in 11 affected matrilineal relatives varied from 8 to 50 years old,with the mean age of 24.36 years old,showing a significantly lower age than that of the 13 carriers (5-72 years old,mean 40.38 years old) (t =2.102,P=0.049).Conclusions This study suggests that the Gl1778A and T14502C mutation in mitochondrial DNA is one of causes in the development of LHON.The primary G11778A mutation together with T14502C mutation in mtDNA is a factor for the occurrence of LHON,hut it is not sufficient to the development of LHON.An effective “second hit” process will play an inducing role for LHON.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) through Wiltse approach and posterior midline approach in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.Methods A total of 37 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis were treated between March 2008 and March 2010,including 23 patients managed by TLIF via posterior midline approach ( posterior midline approach group) and 14 by TLIF via Wiltse approach ( Wiltse approach group).The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and visual ltanalogue scale (VAS) before and after operation,and the interbody fusion condition in both the Wiltse approach group and posterior midline approach group were reviewed and the clinical outcomes of both groups were compared.Results The follow-up lasted for 6-26 months ( mean,15.7 months),during which both groups had obvious relief in clinical symptoms like pain of waist and legs.X-ray photographs showed good spondylolisthesis reduction and interbody fusion,with no loosening or breakage of the internal fixators.The fusion rate of Wiltse approach group and posterior midline approach group at the last follow-up were 86％ and 87％,respectively.The operation time of Wiltse approach group and posterior midline approach group was ( 117.8 +25.6) minutes and ( 128.5 ± 38.7 ) minutes respectively ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The intra-operative blood loss of Wiltse approach group and posterior midline approach group was (203.5 ± 16.4) ml and (284.4 ±27.6) ml respectively (P ＜0.05).Both groups presented significant decrease of JOA score post-opera-tively (P ＜ 0.05).Also,the two groups sbowed significant difference concerning the VAS score in low back pain one week post-operatively (P ＜ 0.05),but no significant difference in terms of VAS score in leg pain at one week after operation (P＜0.05) and VAS score in pain of low back and legs at the final follow-up ( P ＞0.05).Conclusions In the management of lumbar spondylolisthesis,TLIF via Wiltse approach and via posterior midline approach can both achieve satisfactory interbody fusion rate and clinical outcomes,but the Wiltse approach results in relatively less intra-operative blood loss and faster postoperative recovery.

AIMTo evaluate the Rap1A mRNA expression and its significance in the testes of normal and azoospermic subjects.

METHODSA cDNA microarray that contained Rap1A and some other genes such as RBM, EIF1AY was used to identify the differential gene expression profiles between the normal and azoospermic testes. cDNA probes were prepared by labeling mRNA from azoospermic and normal testicular tissues through reverse transcription with Cy5-dUTP and Cy3-dUTP, respectively. The mixed cDNA probes were then hybridized with cDNA microarray (each containing 4096 unique human cDNA sequences). The fluorescent signals were scanned and the values of Cy5-dUTP and Cy3-dUTP on each spot were analyzed and calculated. In situ hybridization was employed to detect the expression of Rap1A in the testes of 10 fertile and 39 azoospermic subjects.

RESULTSOne hundred and twenty-eight differentially expressed genes were found to be possibly related to azoospermia, of which 56 were up-regulated and 72, down-regulated genes. The mRNA expression of Rap1A in the spermatogenic cells of azoospermic was stronger than that in those of the fertile testes.

CONCLUSIONRap1A may play certain roles in the development of azoospermia.

Adult ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Oligospermia ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Spermatozoa ; chemistry ; Testis ; chemistry ; rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo explore the protective effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) on the germ cell apoptosis in the rat cryptorchid.

METHODSImmature rats (22 day-old Sprague Dawley) were subjected to unilateral cryptorchid. Thirty rats were divided into three groups: sham operation group (testes still in the scrotum after operation); operation group; operation + L-NAME group(given L-NAME 10 mg/kg after operation, dip). Seven days after operation germ cell apoptosis was detected by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated-dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL). Biochemical parameters (NO, NOS) were evaluated with spectrophotometric determination.

RESULTSAt the 7th day after the operation, compared with the control, the number of apoptotic germ cells in the cryptorchid testis was increased significantly, but the testis weight was decreased predominantly(P < 0.01). The levels of NO and NOS in the cryptorchid were significantly higher than the control.

CONCLUSIONSThe levels of NO and NOS might be involved in the germ cell apoptosis in the cryptorchid; L-NAME could protect the germ cell from apoptosis in experimentally cryptorchid rats by reducing the activity of NOS and reducing the level of NO in the testis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cryptorchidism ; pathology ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Male ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; physiology ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spermatozoa ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the differential gene expression profiles between the normal and aspermia human testes by genechips.

METHODSProbes were prepared from mRNA extracted from both normal and aspermia testes and employed on Biostar H-40s genechips to detect the differential gene expression profiles. A distinctly up-regulated gene RAP1A was analyzed by bibliogrphic retrieval.

RESULTSSix hundred and twenty-three differential expressed genes were found, among which the distinctly up-regulated gene RAP1A was closely related to human sperm regulation.

CONCLUSIONSScreening the differential gene expression profiles between the normal and aspermia human testes by genechips can be used in the study of aspermia-related genes.

Adult ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Oligospermia ; genetics ; rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins ; genetics