BACKGROUND: Proximal humeral fractures are one of the most common types of upper limb fractures In adults. With the aging of the population, the Incidence of proximal humeral fractures has been increasing in recent years, and its treatment is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of locking plate and intramedullary nail in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures using meta-analysis. METHODS: We retrieved PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP database to collect studies on intramedullary nail and locking plate in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures. In accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies were included. Data were extracted from the included studies. Continuous variables (Constant score, operation time, blood loss) and binary classification variables (total complications, postoperative infection, screw cutout and internal fixation failure, humerus head necrosis, secondary surgery, and acromial impact) were analyzed, and considered as evaluation indexes for the meta-analysis. Statistical software Stata12.0 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 8 articles and 891 patients were included, and 9 data were analyzed. (2) The amount of blood loss (SMD=-1.82, 95%C/: -2.77—0.87, P < 0.001) and operation time (SMD=-1.47, 95%C/: -2.13—0.80, P < 0.001) in the intramedullary nail group were superior to those in the locking plate group. The remaining results were not statistically significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) These results confirmed that intramedullary nailing is superior to locking plate in operation time and intraoperative blood loss in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures. The results were similar in total complication rate, common complication rate and postoperative recovery of shoulder joint function between the two groups.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare the self-assembled nanoparticles of the reduction-response dihydroartemisinin prodrug and study its pharmacokinetics. METHODS: Dihydroartemisinin as raw material, lauryl as the carrier, a dihydroartemisinin prodrug was designed and synthesized with disulfide bond as a connected arm. Molecular self-assembled technique was adopted to prepare the self-assembled nanoparticles of the dihydroartemisinin prodrug (DSCNs). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observed the nanoparticles morphology. Melvin granularity instrument measured the particle size, size distribution and Zeta potential. The properties of the optimized prescription were investigated, and their pharmacokinetics were evaluated. RESULTS: DSCNs were spherical with uniform size, the coating rate, drug loadings, average particle size, PDI and Zeta potential were (96.75±0.03)%, (80.60±2.6)%, (128.5±3.0) nm, (0.151±0.044) and (-16.6±0.9)mV, respectively. Vitamin E-TPGS (TPGS) was selected as the stabilizer of DSCNs to prevent the accumulation of nanoparticles, and DSCNs remained stable after 12 weeks. In vitrostudy showed that the release of DHA in prodrug was increased with the increase of the concentration of glutathione (GSH). Pharmacokinetic studies showed that DSCNs could significantly increase the blood concentration of DHA. CONCLUSION: The optimized preparation has long-term stability, which could be the basis for the further application of self-assembled nanoparticles to the drug sustained release system.

To explore the allergen sensitization status of patients with respiratory allergic diseases in Shanxi Province, and to provide a basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergic diseases. It is a cross-sectional study, a total of 1 680 patients with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma diagnosed at the Department of Allergic Reaction of Shanxi Bethune Hospital from July 2021 to June 2023 who underwent allergen sIgE testing and/or skin prick test were retrospectively enrolled.There were 772 males and 908 females.The age range was 3 to 88 years. The median age was 35 years.There were 108 cases in the child group (≤12 years old), 102 cases in the adolescent group (13-17 years old), 819 cases in the youth group (18-40 years old), 498 cases in the middle-aged group (41-65 years old), and 153 cases in the elderly group (>65 years old). There were 333 cases in the allergic rhinitis group, 827 cases in the allergic asthma group, and 520 cases in the allergic rhinitis with asthma group. There were 1 254 urban patients and 426 rural patients.There were 253 cases in the northern Shanxi region, 1 195 cases in the central Shanxi region, and 232 cases in the southern Shanxi region. Statistical analyses were performed using the χ ² test or Fisher's exact probability method to compare the differences in allergen sIgE positivity rates by sex, age, disease, living environment, and geography. The results showed that 1 027 patients (61.1%) were positive for at least one allergen sIgE, with Artemisia having the highest rate of positivity (603/1 680, 35.9%), followed by ragweed (302/1 680, 18.0%) and dust mite combinations (245/1 680, 14.6%). The number of individuals with single-allergen sIgE positivity was 357 (357/1 027, 34.8%), with the highest number of single-allergen sIgE positive results associated with Artemisia (114/357, 31.9%). The number of multiple-allergen sIgE positive results was 670 cases (670/1 027, 65.2%), with the highest number of patients having 2 allergen sIgE positive results (243/670, 36.3%). The overall positivity rate for allergen sIgE was significantly higher among males than among females (65.7% vs. 57.3%, χ²=12.405, P<0.001). Overall positivity for inhalant allergen sIgE was higher in the child and adolescent groups (88.0% vs. 88.2% vs. 59.8% vs. 40.2% vs. 19.0%, χ²=223.372, P<0.001), and food allergen sIgE positivity was highest in the child group (54.6% vs. 36.3% vs. 26.0% vs. 18.9% vs. 21.6%,χ²=66.383,P<0.001). The sIgE positivity rate of inhalant allergens was significantly higher in the allergic rhinitis group and the allergic rhinitis with asthma group than in the allergic asthma group, except for cockroaches and molds (P<0.05). The overall positive rate of allergen sIgE was significantly higher among urban patients than among rural patients (66.2% vs. 46.2%, χ²=53.230, P<0.001). The difference in the overall positive rate of allergen sIgE among patients from different regions was not statistically significant (56.1% vs. 62.0% vs. 62.1%, χ²=3.140, P=0.208). The sIgE positivity of dust mite combinations was significantly higher in the central Shanxi region and the southern Shanxi region than in the northern Shanxi region (15.5% vs. 18.1% vs. 7.1%,χ²=14.411, P=0.001). In conclusion, artemisia was the most important sensitizer for respiratory allergic diseases in Shanxi Province. The types of allergens and positivity rates were different for different sexes, ages, diseases, living environments, and regions. Therefore, patients with allergic diseases should be tested for allergens to help with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergic diseases.
Adolescent ; Child ; Aged ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Adult ; Child, Preschool ; Young Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Allergens ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Asthma ; Hospitals

To explore the allergen sensitization status of patients with respiratory allergic diseases in Shanxi Province, and to provide a basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergic diseases. It is a cross-sectional study, a total of 1 680 patients with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma diagnosed at the Department of Allergic Reaction of Shanxi Bethune Hospital from July 2021 to June 2023 who underwent allergen sIgE testing and/or skin prick test were retrospectively enrolled.There were 772 males and 908 females.The age range was 3 to 88 years. The median age was 35 years.There were 108 cases in the child group (≤12 years old), 102 cases in the adolescent group (13-17 years old), 819 cases in the youth group (18-40 years old), 498 cases in the middle-aged group (41-65 years old), and 153 cases in the elderly group (>65 years old). There were 333 cases in the allergic rhinitis group, 827 cases in the allergic asthma group, and 520 cases in the allergic rhinitis with asthma group. There were 1 254 urban patients and 426 rural patients.There were 253 cases in the northern Shanxi region, 1 195 cases in the central Shanxi region, and 232 cases in the southern Shanxi region. Statistical analyses were performed using the χ ² test or Fisher's exact probability method to compare the differences in allergen sIgE positivity rates by sex, age, disease, living environment, and geography. The results showed that 1 027 patients (61.1%) were positive for at least one allergen sIgE, with Artemisia having the highest rate of positivity (603/1 680, 35.9%), followed by ragweed (302/1 680, 18.0%) and dust mite combinations (245/1 680, 14.6%). The number of individuals with single-allergen sIgE positivity was 357 (357/1 027, 34.8%), with the highest number of single-allergen sIgE positive results associated with Artemisia (114/357, 31.9%). The number of multiple-allergen sIgE positive results was 670 cases (670/1 027, 65.2%), with the highest number of patients having 2 allergen sIgE positive results (243/670, 36.3%). The overall positivity rate for allergen sIgE was significantly higher among males than among females (65.7% vs. 57.3%, χ²=12.405, P<0.001). Overall positivity for inhalant allergen sIgE was higher in the child and adolescent groups (88.0% vs. 88.2% vs. 59.8% vs. 40.2% vs. 19.0%, χ²=223.372, P<0.001), and food allergen sIgE positivity was highest in the child group (54.6% vs. 36.3% vs. 26.0% vs. 18.9% vs. 21.6%,χ²=66.383,P<0.001). The sIgE positivity rate of inhalant allergens was significantly higher in the allergic rhinitis group and the allergic rhinitis with asthma group than in the allergic asthma group, except for cockroaches and molds (P<0.05). The overall positive rate of allergen sIgE was significantly higher among urban patients than among rural patients (66.2% vs. 46.2%, χ²=53.230, P<0.001). The difference in the overall positive rate of allergen sIgE among patients from different regions was not statistically significant (56.1% vs. 62.0% vs. 62.1%, χ²=3.140, P=0.208). The sIgE positivity of dust mite combinations was significantly higher in the central Shanxi region and the southern Shanxi region than in the northern Shanxi region (15.5% vs. 18.1% vs. 7.1%,χ²=14.411, P=0.001). In conclusion, artemisia was the most important sensitizer for respiratory allergic diseases in Shanxi Province. The types of allergens and positivity rates were different for different sexes, ages, diseases, living environments, and regions. Therefore, patients with allergic diseases should be tested for allergens to help with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergic diseases.
Adolescent ; Child ; Aged ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Adult ; Child, Preschool ; Young Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Allergens ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Asthma ; Hospitals

Objective: To analyze the clinical symptoms of spinal tuberculosis in children and the effect of surgical treatment. Methods: From October 2012 to October 2017, 60 cases of spinal tuberculosis admitted to Shanxi Dayi Hospital were selected, including 31 male children and 29 female children.The age of the children was (7.92±2.93)years old; 4 children with cervical vertebra lesions, 3 children with cervical thoracic junction lesions, 23 children with thoracic vertebra lesions, 28 children with lumbar vertebra lesions, and 2 children with lumbar sacral vertebra lesions.There were 27 children with neurological damage.Among them, 2 children with Frankel classification of A, 4 children with B, 7 children with C, and 14 children with D. All children were treated by surgery, and standing full spine X-rays were taken before and after operation.The sagittal deviation distance and sagittal Cobb angle of the children's trunk were measured, and spinal fusion and fixation of all children were recorded. Results: In 52 cases (86.67%), the main symptoms were pain or radiation pain, 45 cases (75.00%) showed local palpable mass, and 7 cases (11.67%) had palpable paraspinal or abdominal mass.There were 37 cases (61.67%) with kyphosis and different degrees of spinal bulge, 11 cases (18.33%) showed abnormal sensation and limb numbness.There were 11 cases (18.33%) with walking difficulty.All 60 cases of spinal tuberculosis had abnormal X-ray manifestations.There were abnormal physiological curvature or kyphosis in the diseased area of children, the intervertebral space of children became narrow, and the edge of vertebral body was blurred, there were widening, flattening or wedge-like changes.The operative time was (184.29±23.28)min, and the intraoperative bleeding was (475.39±30.28)mL.The fusion fixation segment was (10.27±1.92) and the sagittal plane was (10.27±1.92). Cobb angle was 106.7°, postoperative correction was 31.3°, the correction rate was 76.21%, the mean preoperative correction of thoracic kyphosis was 76.7°, postoperative correction was 15.7 °, the average correction was 55.9°, the mean sagittal deviation distance of trunk was -15.42 mm, postoperative correction was 0.63 mm, and the average correction was 20.68 mm. Conclusion Pain is the first symptom of spinal tuberculosis in children, most of them will be complicated with severe kyphosis.Surgical treatment of children with spinal tuberculosis can get better clinical results, and it is worthy of popularizing in clinic.The choice of surgical approach and fusion range is the key to the treatment process.

Parkinson's disease(PD)is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease,with high morbidity and high disability rate.Since the early symptoms of PD are not typical and often similar to those of normal aging or other diseases.It is easy to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis,which seriously affects the diagnosis and treatment of this disease and aggravetes the burden on the patients' life.MicroRNAs(miRNA)are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation by binding to target messenger RNAs(mRNA).They are highly conserved,short,easy to obtain,and can stably exist in peripheral body fluids.They have been used as biomarkers for a variety of diseases.Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNA play an important role in the development of PD.This paper reviews the recent research progress of miR-7/124/155,three mature miRNA in PD,aiming to provide reference for clarifying the pathogenesis and guiding the diagnosis and treatment of PD.
Humans ; Parkinson Disease ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Biomarkers/metabolism*

We used CRISPR/Cas9 to delete plin1 of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte, to observe its effect on lipolysis in adipocytes and to explore regulatory pathways. We cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, and the plin1 knockout vectors were transfected by electroporation. Puromycin culture was used to screen successfully transfected adipocytes, and survival rates were observed after transfection. The optimized "cocktail" method was used to differentiate 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The glycerol and triglyceride contents were determined by enzymatic methods. The changes in lipid droplet form and size were observed by Oil red O staining. The protein expression of PLIN1, PPARγ, Fsp27, and lipases was measured by Western blotting. RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of PLIN1 and lipases mRNA. After the adipocytes in the control group were induced to differentiate, the quantity of tiny lipid droplets was decreased, and the quantity of unilocular lipid droplets was increased and arranged in a circle around the nucleus. Compared with the control group, the volume of unilocular lipid droplets decreased, and the quantity of tiny lipid droplets increased after induction of adipocytes in the knockout group. The expression of PLIN1 mRNA and protein in the adipocytes was significantly inhibited (P<0.05); glycerol levels increased significantly (0.098 4±0.007 6), TG levels decreased significantly (0.031 0±0.005 3); mRNA and protein expression of HSL and ATGL increased (P<0.05); PPARγ and Fsp27 expression unchanged in adipocytes. The above results indicate that the knockout of plin1 enhances the lipolysis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes by exposing lipids in lipid droplets and up-regulating lipases effects.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes ; metabolism ; Animals ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Lipase ; metabolism ; Lipolysis ; genetics ; Mice ; Perilipin-1 ; genetics ; metabolism

Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; Patella ; Patellar Dislocation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

Objective: To study the median effective dose of ketorolac tromethamine combined with different doses of sufentanil. Methods: From February 2016 to June 2017, 60 cases of cesarean section were selected.According to the random number table method, they were divided into two groups, with 30 cases in each group.Group I was treated with sufentanil 0.75μg/kg+ dexmedetomidine 200μg, while sufentanil 1μg/kg+ dexmedetomidine 200μg was used in group II.The first two groups were added to pump 150 mg ketorolac tromethamine, gradually increased or decreased in accordance with 30mg effect according to satisfaction or dissatisfaction.The median effective dose of ketorolac tromethamine in the two groups was analyzed. Results: After operation, the systolic blood pressure[(112.5±9.6)mmHg vs.(122.5±8.4)mmHg, (114.2±9.9)mmHg vs.(124.1±8.2)mmHg]and heart rate[(80.6±13.5)times/min vs.(90.5±16.5)times/min, (77.6±15.5)times/min vs.(88.2±18.8)times/min]in the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation (t=4.587, 5.248, 4.214, 3.983, all P<0.05). The VSA scores of the two groups decreased significantly[(6.8±2.4)points, (3.4±1.4)points, (2.1±0.9)points, (6.9±3.1)points, (3.5±1.7)points, (2.2±0.7)points], the difference was statistically significant at different time points (F=4.977, P<0.05). ED50 and 95% confidence interval of ketorolac tromethamine in the group I was 91.75mg, 78.69-106.98mg, which in the group II was 72.44mg, 60.40-86.90mg. Conclusion Ketorolac tromethamine combined with sufentanil has good analgesia effect, less adverse reaction.When sufentanil was given at 0.75 and 1μg/kg, the ED50 of ketorolac tromethamine were 91.75mg and 72.44mg.

As a common disease, stroke seriously impairs human health. Interleukin (IL) is an important type of inflammatory mediators, which is involved in the pathogenesis of stroke. With the study of genomics, we discovered that some gene loci of IL were associated with stroke, such as IL-1α-889 C/T, IL-1RN rs380092 and IL-10-1082 G/G. Meanwhile, some gene loci of IL might become independent risk factors of stroke, such as IL-4 C582T and IL4-589C>T. Therefore, the IL gene polymorphism had become a research focus in pathogenesis of stroke. Our paper describes the relationship between IL subtype and its gene polymorphism with stroke. We look forward to provide a useful information for further research.