Objective:To investigate the different expression of NK cells between patients with advanced small cell lung cancer and with non-small cell lung cancer , as well as providing available reference for clinical treatment.Methods: Peripheral blood was taken from 65 patients with advanced lung cancer which was included 14 cases of small cell lung cancer and 51 cases of non-small cell lung cancer,20 cases normal controls.The expression of NK cells was analyzed with flow cytometry.Results: We found that the percentage of NK cells in advanced small cell lung cancer patients was much more than that of normal controls .There was no significant variation in the percentage of NK cells between advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients and normal controls.The percentage of NK cells was negatively correlated with the percentage of CD 4+T cells in patients with advanced lung cancer .Conclusion:The percentage of NK cells in advanced small cell lung cancer patients was higher than normal controls ,the innate immunity could become a powerful supplement to the cellular immunity which was severely damaged .But the hypothesis needs to be further research.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of computer graphics imaging technology in combination with CT urography in the diagnosis of postoperative complications of kidney stone.Methods 1 7 patients with postoperative complications of kidney stones underwent 64-detector CT urography examination.The images were transferred by network to a separate workstation to perform volume rendering (VR),maximum intensity projection (MIP),multiplanar reconstruction (MPR)and curved planar re-construction (CPR).All the postprocessing images were retrospectively analyzed.Results Postoperative complications were found in 1 7 patients including 13 with urinary residual stones,1 with severe hydronephrosis and twisted ureter,1 with residual stone in du-plex kidneys,1 with renal parenchyma rupture,1 with ureter rupture,1 with urine leakage of postcaval ureter,1 with renal hemor-rhage,1 with pleural effusion,and 1 with residual stone of multiple renal cysts.Conclusion Postoperative complications of kidney stones can be clearly demonstrated by computer graphics imaging technology in combination with CT urography,which may provide more information for treatment.

Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Reference Values ; Vitamin D ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency

Objective To evaluate the performance of an improved skin prick test in infantile eczema.Methods A self-controlled study was carried out in 248 infants with eczema.Improved and conventional skin prick tests were conducted with 8 allergens on the left and right flexural forearm of the subjects,respectively.Results Positive results of skin prick test were found in the left flexural forearm of 38.3％ of the infants,and in the right flexural forearm of 38.7％ of the infants,with no significant difference between the two methods in the detection rate of allergens (P ＞ 0.05).The most common sensitizing allergens were house dust mite and Dermatophagoides culinae as shown by both methods.Conclusions The improved skin prick test displays an acceptable performance with simple and safe procedure in the detection of allergens in infants with eczema,and can provide reliable evidence for clinical diagnosis.

Objective To estimate the effect of bacille calmette-guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid(BCG-PSN)on skin prick test(SPT)reactions,and to assess the clinical efficacy and therapeutic mechanism of BCG-PSN combined with mizolastine,in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria.Methods A non-randomized,openlabel clinical trial was carried out.Totally,168 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria were divided into 2 groups to be treated with mizolastine 10 mg once a day combined with BCG-PSN injection at a dose of 2 ml every other day(experiment group,n =85)or mizolastine 10 mg once a day only(control group,n =83).All the patients underwent SPT,and were evaluated by symptom score at the baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment.Statistical analysis was performed by using the SPSS 10.0 software,t test and Chi-square test were used to analyze the intra-and inter-group differences in symptom score reducing index(SSRI)and SPT results.Results After 12-week treatment,SSRI was significandy higher in the experiment group than in the control group(0.92 ± 0.33 vs.0.74 ± 0.35,t =2.39,P ＜ 0.05).In the experiment group,50 patients were cured,28 patients received a marked response,with a total response rate of 92.0％;meanwhile,32 patients were cured and 30 patients received a marked response in the control group with a total response rate of 74.6％;there was a significant difference in the total response rate between the experiment group and control group(x2 =5.62,P ＜ 0.05).The percentage of positive SPT to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae was 24.7％ and 17.6％ respectively at the baseline,9.4％ and 5.9％ respectively after treatment,in the experiment group,24.1％ and 16.9％ respectively at the baseline,24.1％ and 15.7％ respectively after treatment,in the control group.Significant differences were observed in the percentage of positive SPT between the control group and experiment group after treatment(x2 =5.82,P ＜0.05),but not at the baseline.A statistical decrease in the percentage of positive SPT was induced by the combined therapy with BCG-PSN and mizolastine(x2 =4.56,P＜ 0.05),but not by mizolastine alone.Conclusions BCG-PSN combined with mizolastine appears superior to mizolastine alone in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria,with a decrease in the percentage of positive SPT reactions and in the sensitivity to allergens.

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease.Its invasion and metastasis,recurrence and part of the chemotherapy drug tolerance are currentlv difficulties of treatment.Breast cancer stem cells have the ability of selfrenewal,proliferation and differentiation potential,which may correlate closely with breast cancer recurrence,treatment failure.This assay aims to briefly analyse markers and significance of breast cancer stem cells,and the relationship between the treatment of breast cancer and breast cancer stem cells.

Objective To perform a meta-analysis on the association of of genotype B/C and HBV DNA conversion of negative or HBeAg clearance to lamivudine therapy.Methods Several databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and CNKI Database) were searched from 1966 to 2012 for all publications on the association between genotype B/C and response to LAM therapy.The articles were selected according to the protocol previously designed.Meta analysis using Revman 5 software.Results Finally, 19 RCTs were retrieved involving 3148 patients for the subsequent meta-analysis. Among them, 10 articles (n=1860) look at HBV DNA and 9 (n=1288) at HbeAg clearance.For HBV DNA conversion of negative, the overall RR (95% CI) associated with genotype B/C was 1.07(0.98-1.17). Of the nine analyzed trials, HBeAg clearance was observed in genotype B group as compared with that genotype C group, the overall RR (95% CI) was 1.27 (0.94-1.71).Conclusion Meta-analysis indicates that genotype B/C is not associated with response to LAM therapy.Further mechanism researches are required to clarify.Large-scale population studies in multicountries are also necessary to evaluate the influence of HBV genotypes in hepatitis B progression and antiviral treatment.

Naive and chronically infected C57BL/6 mice were challenged percutaneously over the ear pinna with Schistosoma japonicum cercariae. After 15 hours, the number of EOS increased significantly in the skin of chronically infected mice. Inflammatory cells aggre-gated in the vicinity of schisto.somula or entrapped intact and disintegrated schistosomula, forming granulocytic micro-abscesses in both groups. Ultrastructure studies revealed that flattened EOS tightly attached to the schistosomulum surface and degranulated. Local tegument damage occurred in the area of attacbment. NEU adherence did not seem to be as intimate as EOS, and degranulation was not seen. The tegument of the attached schis-tosoniulum remained normal. The result suggested that EOS appeared to be the efficient killer cell against skin phase schistosomula of S. japonicum (Figs. 1-6).

Objective To investigate the comparability of K + ,Na+ and Cl- measurement between Cobas8000 analyzer and AU640 analyzer .Methods According to the EP9‐A2 document of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards ,the precision of AU640 analyzer for the detection of K + ,Na+ and Cl- was evaluated ,and the correlation between the detected results of the two analyzers were also analyzed .Results AU640 analyzer were with high precision for the detection of K + ,Na+ and Cl- ,in‐tra‐assay and inter‐assay coefficient of variation of which were both less than 2% .The correlation coefficients of the two analyzers were higher than 0 .975 .Conclusion Cobas8000 analyzer and AU640 analyzer might be with fine comparability for the detection of K+ 、Na+ and Cl- ,both of which could provide accurate detected results .

Objective To screen specific mutations on extracellular regions of membrane proteins ( extracellular membrane protein mutations ) in tumor cells and provide the reference information for target searching in cancer precision medicine .Methods Somatic mutations on extracellular regions of membrane proteins of 7042 tumor samples were collected to screen all specific extracellular membrane protein mutations, and the overall distribution of these mutations were obtained by statistical analysis.Genes, gene site and cancer types occured high frequency of extracellular membrane protein mutations were identified.Results 97193 specific extracellular membrane protein mutations were obtained from 4938362 somatic mutations in 7042 tumor samples (30 cancer types), the statistical analysis showed that 4347 genes and 65532 sites were involved in these specific mutations.The study further analyzed five genes (MUC16、LRP1B、CSMD3、RYR2、USH2A), one site (17:37868208) and six cancer types (including colorectal cancer, melanoma, uterine cancer, brain lower grade glioma, lung adenocarcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma) which occured high frequency of extracellular membrane protein mutations.Conclusion An information library of specific mutations on extracellular regions of membrane proteins was established and the distribution of these specific mutations was obtained which can provide reference information for target detection in targeted cancer therapy and immunological therapy.