ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical efficacy ofYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine for children with recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI).Methods CNKI, VIP, WANFANG DATA, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the clinical and immune effects ofYupingfeng Granules in children with RRTI from inception to October 2015. Two researchers independently screened studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of included studies. Then Meta analysis was performed through the software RevMan 5.3.Results A total of 8 articles involving 550 patients were included. The results of Meta analysis showed effective rate ofYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine for children with RRTI [OR=4.16, 95%CI (2.49, 6.95),P<0.000 01], IgA level [MD=0.52, 95%CI (0.26, 0.78),P<0.000 1], IgG level [MD=2.75, 95%CI (1.25, 4.25),P=0.000 3], CD4+ level [MD=6.15, 95%CI (4.76, 7.54),P<0.000 01], CD4+/CD8+ level [MD=0.36, 95%CI (0.25, 0.47),P<0.000 01]. All of the above were superior to single western medicine treatment. There was no statistical significance in levels of IgM and CD8+(P>0.05). ConclusionYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine can improve effective rate, antibody level and T-cell level in the treatment of children with RRTI. The overall clinical efficacy is better than single western medicine treatment. However, RCTs with large samples, multiple centers and high quality are needed for further verification.

Objective: To explore the impact of antibiotic exposure on human fertility, so as to provide the reference for related research on risk factors and prevention of infertility. Methods: Publications pertaining to antibiotic exposure and human fertility were retrived in CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from inception to March 2024. Two reviewers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. A qualitative analysis was performed to investigate the effect of antibiotic exposure on human fertility. Results: A total of 11 623 articles were retrieved, and 31 of them were finally included. Among them, 19 were quasi-experimental studies (4 high-quality and 15 medium-quality), 6 were observational studies (5 high-quality and 1 medium-quality), and 6 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with high risks of implementation bias and measurement bias. Sixteen quasi-experimental studies and five RCTs found that the use of sensitive antibiotics such as doxycycline for the treatment of reproductive system infections improved female pregnancy rates or male semen quality. Two quasi-experimental studies and one RCT suggested that antibiotics (such as sirolimus or sulfasalazine) used to treat other systemic diseases might cause adverse effects on the reproductive system. Four observational studies indicated that exposure to antibiotics such as sulfonamides, macrolides, and tetracyclines increased the risk of infertility or prostate cancer. Two observational studies found a dual effect of antibiotics on infertility. Conclusions Antibiotic exposure appears to have either beneficial or harmful effects on fertility, depending on the antibiotic types, doses, and indication. However, these studies have limitations such as small sample size, selection bias, and the inability to achieve randomization and blind methods. Further research with optimized designs is necessary to explore the relationship between antibiotic exposure and fertility.

Objective To assess the optimal visiualization capacity of brachial plexus with three-dimensional nerve-sheath signal increased with inked rest-tissue rapid acquisition of relaxation imaging (3D SHINKEI), exploring the feasibility of preliminary diagnostic value on brachial plexus diseases. Methods MRI scans were performed on 24 healthy volunteers with no history of brachial plexus injury, and 46 patients whose outcomes of lesions had been verified as post-ganglionic brachial plexus injuries by surgery or clinical follows-up . The scan series consist 3D SHINKEI, STIR in the coronal plane as well as DW-MRN in the axial plane using a 3.0 T MR system. The source and post-processed images of 3D SHINKEI and DW-MRN were scored according to the optimal visibility on brachial plexus, in the meanwhile, contrast-to-noise ratio of the original images in the 3D SHINKEI and STIR sequences were calculated separately. Two radiologists blindly compared the detection rate of positive brachial plexus injuries between 3D SHINKEI and STIR in 46 patients. And then analyze the outcomes by means of Kappa test, Mann-Whitney test , independent sample t test, and Chi-square test. Results Post-ganglionic brachial plexus showed high intensity in the 3D SHINKEI sequence. In the 24 healthy volunteers, the scores by the two radiologists were 3.6 ± 0.6, 3.5 ± 0.6, 3.0 ± 0.2, 2.9 ± 0.1, respectively. There was statistical difference between the two sequences (Z=2.667,P=0.008,P<0.05). And the Kappa was 0.8 and 0.6 with favorable consistency. The CNR of 3D SHINKEI and STIR were 0.61 ± 0.07, 0.42 ± 0.03 (t=12.78, P=0.001, P<0.05). The positive detection rates of post-ganglionic brachial plexus injuries on 3D SKINKEI and STIR were, 78.3%, 52.2%(χ2=9.421, P<0.05). Conclusions 3D SHINKEI sequence demonstrates robust visibility consistently and can clearly display the structures and signals of post-ganglionic abnormality, compared with DW-MRN and STIR. This technique can be helpful to provide more complementary information to further confirm the diagnosis of brachial plexus injuries.

Objective To evaluate the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)in the assessment of uterine fibroids by analyzing uterine fibroids and normal myometrium.Methods Forty-four patients with uterine fibroids confirmed by surgery were included in this study.DTI was performed using double gradient GE HDxt 3.0T and HD Cardiac coil.All data were transferred to GE AW4.5 Workstation software for data processing.Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC),fractional aniso(FA),volume ratio aniso(VRA)and T2-weighted trace of uterine fibroids and normal myometrium were recorded.Diffusion tensor tractography (DTT)of uterine fibroids and normal myometrium were reconstructed and observed.The ADC,FA,VRA and T2-weighted trace of different regions of interest (ROI)were compared between uterine fibroids and normal myometrium.Results The ADC,FA,VRA and T2-weighted trace of uterine fibroids and normal myometrium were (1.65±0.32)×10 -9 mm2/s and (1.21±0.97)×10 -9 mm2/s,0.20±0.08 and 0.28±0.08,0.05 ± 0.05 and 0.09±0.07,344.22±66.1 9 and 318.97±98.48,respectively.The ADC of normal myometrium was higher than that of uterine fibroids (P =0.009).The FA and VRA of normal myometrium were lower than those of uterine fibroids (P =0.000,P =0.005). There was no statistically significant difference of T2-weighted trace between uterine fibroids and normal myometrium (P =0.1 74). There were obvious differences between uterine fibroids and normal myometrium in direction,arrangement and number of fibers. Conclusion DTI can be used to evaluate the structure difference between uterine fibroids and normal myometrium,which has the potential to improve assessment value of MRI for uterine fibroids.

Objective:To study the application of HL-60 monocyte activation test in the pyrogen detection of vaccines. Methods:HL-60 cells were incubated with the standard pyrogen(endotoxin,zymosan and lipoteichoic acid)solution and the sample solution at different concentrations,and then IL-6 level was detected using ELISA kit. According to the concentration of standard pyrogen solution and the level of IL-6,the standard curve and linear relationship were obtained. Based on the IL-6 value from the sample solution,the pyrogen content of the sample was calculated. The standard pyrogen solution at middle concentration of the standard curve was used as the interference sample,and the interference assay was performed referring to the bacterial endotoxin test in Chinese pharmacopoeia. The pyrogen recovery rate and the content were detected using HL-60 / IL-6 assay in seven kinds of vaccines such as influenza vaccine(Split Virion),inactivated;hepatitis A(live)vaccine,freeze-dried;rabies vaccine(Vero Cell)for human use,freeze-dried;lyophilized human measles and rubella combined vaccine,live;measles and mumps combined vaccine, live; haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome bivalent vaccine, inactived; group A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Results:① The linear relationship between the pyrogen concentration and the IL-6 level was good,and R2 value was 0. 996,0. 993 and 0. 997,respectively. ② The recovery rate of pyrogen in the above vaccines ranged from 50% to 200% . ③ The endotoxin concentration of 10 batches of group A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine was detected using HL-60 / IL-6 assay,and the average value of 6 batches from factory A was 134. 73 EU·ml-1 ,and that of 4 batches from factory B was 40. 75 EU·ml -1 . The pyrogen in the other vaccines was all negative. Conclusion:The HL-60 / IL-6 assay is suitable for the pyrogen detection of the seven kinds of vaccines.

This study was aimed to investigate the association between dyslipidemia and thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). We evaluated the relationship between dyslipidemia and TAO in 218 patients with Graves′ disease (GD) and found that the serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the GD subjects with TAO (n=110) were significantly increased [(5.32±1.39) mmol/L vs. (3.18±2.12) mmol/L, (2.98±0.75) mmol/L vs. (1.25±0.98) mmol/L] than those in the GD subjects without TAO (n=108). TC and LDL-C were positively correlated with the Clinical disease activity score (CAS) [TC (r=0.7, P=0.03),LDL-C (r=0.82, P=0.03)], and the levels of TC (OR=2.56, P=0.02) and LDL-C(OR=2.01, P=0.015) were positively associated with TAO. These suggested that high serum cholesterol level is a novel risk factor for TAO, and management of blood lipids should be included in the treatment of TAO.

Contracture and spasticity of ankle joints were major sources of disability in neurological impairment including stroke and cerebral palsy, etc. The manual stretching used in physical therapy might be laborious and time-consuming to the therapists and the outcome was dependent on the experience and the subjectiveend feelingof the therapists. A device was developed that could safely stretch the an-kle joint to its extreme positions with quantitative control of the resistance torque and stretching velocity. Furthermore, it could satisfy a strong need for quantitative and objective measures of the impairment and rehabilitation outcome. This was just the meaning intelligent stretching referred to. This article described the origin of the concept of intelligent stretching and its definition, operational principle, and su-periority and weakness, as well as its application in ankle joint spasticity and contracture in patients with stroke and cerebral palsy.

Objective: To investigate the current status of screen time in preschoolers during the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the influences of parent-child active play and school online education on screen time. Methods: A total of 2 370 preschoolers were chosen through clustering sampling from 7 kindergartens in Wuxi urban areas. Questionnaire survey was administered to parents for child screen time, active play, online education as well as characteristics information. Results: A total of 1 428(60.3%) preschoolers reported more than 1 hour screen time a day, and 1 915(80.8%) preschoolers reported more than 20 minutes consecutive screen time. Compared with the weekend before the COVID-19 outbreak, 1 551(65.4%) preschoolers reported an increase of 10 minutes in screen time perday, and 1 444(60.9%) reported an increase of 5 minutes for one sersion. Logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for confounding factors, high frequency of parent-child active play, parents’ exercise habits, online education from kindergartens and children’s active participation in the online education were negatively associated with preschoolers’ excessive and increased screen time during this period(OR=0.39-0.79, P<0.05). Conclusion During the COVID-19 outbreak, preschoolers’ media use in Wuxi city is worrisome. Parent-child active play, parents’ exercise and online education from kindergartens may play a positive role in reducing preschoolers’ media use.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of asthma and the characteristics of acute attacks in children aged 3-14 in different administrative areas of Wuxi, and to analyze the correlation of asthma with the outdoor environmental factors.Methods:A total of 10 175 children aged 3-14 were randomly selected from 5 different administrative regions in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province for childhood asthma epidemiological survey from January to December in 2017.Results:The complete questionnaires were collected from 8 318 children with a response rate of 81.70%.There were 6 734 valid questionnaires.Asthma occurred to 259 children, and the prevalence rate was 3.84%.The prevalence of asthma in male and female children was 4.89% (163 cases) and 2.82% (96 cases), respectively.The ratio of male patients to female patients was 1.70∶1.00, and the difference was significant ( χ2=19.72, P<0.01). Children were most prone to suffer from asthma attacks at the turn of seasons (87/259 cases, 33.59%). The frequency of asthma was the lowest from June to August (9/259 cases, 3.47%). Among 244 cases attacked by acute asthma, the prevailing time period of acute attacks was irregular in 88 patients (36.07%), bedtime in 64 cases (26.23%). In different regions of the city, the lowest prevalence rate of asthma was found in Binhu District (50/1 830 cases, 2.73%), the highest prevalence rate of asthma was found in Xinwu District (71/1 502 cases, 4.72%), the difference between the highest and lowest prevalence rates of asthma was significant ( χ2=13.19, P<0.05). In terms of the air quality in different admi-nistrative regions of Wuxi, the nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) concentration, the carbon monoxide (CO) concentration, PM 10 and PM 2.5 in Binhu District were lower than other 4 regions.In different seasons in Wuxi city, the sulfur dioxide(SO 2) concentration, the NO 2 concentration, the CO concentration, PM 10 and PM 2.5 from June to August were significantly lower than those in other months.The prevalence of asthma in children in different administrative districts of Wuxi was weakly positively correlated with the SO 2 concentration, the NO 2 concentration and PM 10 ( r=0.10, P<0.01; r=0.22, P<0.01; r=0.06, P<0.01, respectively). The prevalence of asthma was weakly negatively associated with the ozone(O 3) concentration ( r=-0.06, P<0.01). Acute asthma attacks were weakly positively correlated with the SO 2 concentration ( r=0.22, P<0.01), the NO 2 concentration ( r=0.28, P<0.01), the CO concentration ( r=0.23, P<0.01), PM 10 ( r=0.18, P<0.01) and PM 2.5 ( r=0.18, P<0.01), and weakly negatively correlated with the O 3 concentration ( r=-0.40, P<0.01). Conclusions:The prevalence of asthma in Wuxi is higher in boys than in girls, and the frequency of asthma attacks is related to the season.The SO 2, NO 2, CO, PM 10, PM 2.5 and O 3 concentration affect the prevalence and acute attacks of asthma.

Objective To investigate the effects of decorin (DCN) on apoptosis and oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells (LECs) under high glucose condition.Methods HLE-B3 cells were cultured in vitro and the effect of DCN with different concentrations on HLE-B3 viability was determined by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8).The cultured cells were divided into normal control group,DCN group,high glucose group and DCN + high glucose group.Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate and the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cells.Microplate spectrophotometer was used to measure total superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and the radio of glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG).Western blot was used to detect the expressions of bax and bcl-2 proteins.Results HLE-B3 cells were spindle shaped,with centered and clearly visible nuclei and neatly cell arrangment.According to CCK-8 method,survival rates of HLE-B3 in all groups were more than 90％.Different concentrations of DCN showed no significant effect on HLEoB3 survival rate (all at P＞0.05).After 48 hours of cell culture,the apoptosis rate of high glucose group was significantly higher than that of normal control group,and the apoptosis rate of DCN+high glucose group was significantly lower than that of high glucose group (both at P =0.000).The mean fluorescence intensity of intracellular ROS in the high-glucose group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group,and the mean fluorescence intensity of ROS in the DCN group was significantly higher than that in the high glucose group (both at P=0.000).The total SOD activity in the high glucose group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group and DCN group (P =0.007,0.004).The GSH/GSSG ratio of the high-glucose group was significantly lower than that of the normal control group and DCN group (both at P=0.000).Conclusions DCN can inhibit the apoptosis and oxidative stress of HLE-B3 under high glucose,which provides the basis for the treatment of diabetic cataract.