This paper analyzes the amputation reasons of 74 cases on lower limb amputator, recovery condition after fitted artificial limb and fitted time. The result shows; the most common reason on lower limb amputation in industrial accidents and traffic accidents; patients' whole function almost all rise from 3 level to 4 level; Amputators basically can conduct their daily life. Also the paper discusses some social etyical problems such as reducing industrial accident and traffic accident, strengthening the support and help on maimed persons by early fitting temporary artificial limb.

Personality vulnerability refers to some parts of personality,because of which an individual can not cope with pressure,thus violating individual's physical and mental health.The mechanism of disease triggered by personality vulnerability includes psychological-physiological and behavioral mechanisms.The problems in this field need to be further studied.

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between how long to use peripheral vein catheter and bacterium colonization,then to make an approach to the optimal time duration of using peripheral vein catheter in summer season from infection prevention viewpoint.METHODS To divide the patients into four groups according to the different time duration of using peripheral vein catheter,and select 20 samples at random in every group.Make bacterial culture from skin(before sterilization,after sterilization and withdrawal of needles) and the catheter,and compare the colony number and strain distribution.RESULTS There was bacterium colonization on punctured skin after using peripheral vein catheter for a long time.The longer it was,the higher the positive rate was.After 96 hours there was bacterium colonization in vein catheter(10%) and after 120 hours positive rate was obviously higher(40%).CONCLUSIONS After using peripheral vein catheter for 96 hours in summer season,there is bacterium colonization in catheter,increasing the risk for infection,so the optimal time duration of using peripheral vein catheter in summer is 72-96 hours.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the training of clinical pharmacists in specialized hospitals. METHODS:Based on the characteristics of psychiatric patients,diseases and drugs ,we have discussed from the related links of the trained per-sons,the training targets,the training modes ,the training courses and so on .We have quantified the work of the trained pharma-cists to finish the training period. RESULTS:The cultivation of psychiatric clinical pharmacists take young pharmacists of high com-prehensive quality as the trained persons. They should study in the department of special clinical characteristics,be trained by the teaching team of physicians and pharmacists. After training they can better complete drug cases writing,drug education and other quantitative work. CONCLUSIONS:It shows that the training mode is in accordance with the characteristics of the state psychiatric hospital. This training mode is worth promoting.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of job burnout of clinical nurses,and to analyze its relationship with self-efficacy and the environmental factors.MethodsMaslach Burnout Inventory,General Self-Efficacy Scale,Nursing Work Index-Revised and Nurses'Job Stressor Scale were used to investigate 239 clinical nurses from 2 tertiary first-class hospitals of Lianyungang City.Correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between all the dimensions of nurse burnout,self-efficacy,professional nursing practice environment and job stressor.ResultsThe scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were ( 23.95 ± 11.11 ) and (7.90 ± 6.58 ) respectively,indicating medium level of burnout.The score of decreased personal accomplishment was reverse coded,and the score was ( 27.51 ± 10.96),indicating a high level of burnout.Both work environment and self-efficacy were related to job burnout (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).Environment played bigger roles in influencing emotional exhaustion and depersonalization,and self-efficacy influenced personal accomplishment more significantly.ConclusionMore attention should be paid to the improvement of nurses' self-efficacy and work environment in order ot reduce nurses'job burnout.

Objective:To solve the key material quality of blood control requirements, quality and strengthening the key material confirmation, control of nonconforming products produced, the introduction of the Deming cycle method (PDCA) for process management, improve the management level, to ensure the safety of blood transfusion work. Methods: In accordance with the relevant laws and regulations made provisions for key materials management in blood station and operation guide, the use of PDCA circulation method in daily work carried out the whole quality tracking management. Design quality control scheme is feasible and measures, measures for effect before and after the implementation of the analysis and comparison of the. Results: The quality control through the key materials of the blood, the blood bank purchased key material input of qualified acceptance rate and quality department quality sampling pass rate reached 100%. Conclusion:The responsibility of quality control key material major, quality control should be implemented, through the whole process of fine tracking management, and continuously improve the management method, ensure the blood quality, blood safety and the safety of clinical blood transfusion.

Objective To translate the English version of Nursing Activities Scale (NAS) into Chinese,and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of NAS.Methods A total of 520 nurses were tested by the Chinese version of NAS.SPSS17.0 and AMOS 17.0 were used to test the reliability and validity.Results The correlations between the items and total scale ranged from 0.232 to 0.732 (P＜0.01).Four factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis and they could explain 52.251％ of the total variance.The confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good model fit,and the fit indices were x2/df =1.145,GFI =0.962,AGFI =0.933,RMR =0.028,RMSEA =0.017,NFI =0.957,CFI =0.994.Conclusion Chinese version of NAS is reliable and valid,and can be used to assess the level of professional nursing practice.

Objective To explore the change of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α(8-iso-PGF2α),serum ferritin (SF) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in serum from children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP) and severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(SMPP),and investigate the correlation between the severity of lung injury induced by oxidative stress(OS) and the severity in children with SMPP.Methods Sixty cases with MPP,30 cases with SMPP and 20 health children were selected in our study.The level of 8-iso-PGF2α,SOD and SF in serum were detected.Results (1) There were no significant difference regarding of 8-iso-PGF2α levels between the MPP group and the healthy control group ((6.01 (13.14)) ng/L vs.4.33 (2.42)) ng/L,P ＞ 0.05).The 8-iso-PGF2α level in patient of the SMPP group was 24.20 (24.05)) ng/L,significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (P ＜ 0.01) and MPP group (P ＜ 0.01).(2) There were no significant difference between the MPP group μg/L] and the healthy control group in terms of SF level((80.91 (54.57) μg/L vs.(82.48 (70.60)) μg/L,P ＞ 0.05).The SF level in the SMPP group was 139.69 (120.98)) μg/L,significantly higher than that in the healthy control group(P ＜ 0.01) and MPP group(P ＜ 0.O1).(3) The level of SOD in the MPP group was 138.60(25.20)) kU/L,significantly higher than that in the healthy control group ((123.10(11.28)) kU/L; P ＜ 0.01).The level of SOD in the SMPP group was 94.43 (63.58)) kU/L,significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (P ＜ 0.05).And level of SOD in the MPP group was significantly higher than that in the SMPP group(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The severity of lung injury induce by OS was related with the severity of the children with SMPP.OS may be a important factor in patients with SMPP exacerbation of lung injury.

Objective To research the important of prenatal diagnosis and effect of intervention to fetal hydrothorax. Methods The cases of fetal hydrothorax (n=5) were obtained from the Shengjing Hospital,China Medical University between December 2014 and May 2015. All pregnancies were uncomplicated, excluded congenital organic and chromosomal abnormalities during prenatal diagnosis and with a 37 average gestational weeks. The case 1, 2, 4 were unilateral hydrothorax and the case 3, 5 were bilateral. We performed an antenatal thracocentesis to case 1, 2, 3. In case1, the hydrothorax increased rapidly after 5 days, and the patient underwent a cesarean section and ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT);in case 2, the fetal heart rate was decreased to 40-50 bpm suddenly during thracocentesis, and we performed an emergent cesarean section and EXIT for the patient; in case 3, the patient underwent thracocentesis and a meanwhile cesarean section and EXIT procedure. We performed a conservative management to case 4, 5, the hydrothorax resolved spontaneously during the pregnancy and after birth, both patients underwent cesarean section. Results All fetuses were survived, the neonates of case 1, 2 and 3 underwent assited mechanical ventilation, thoracic close drainage, then discharged after hydrothorax resolved and feeding tolerance;in case 4, there was no respiratory distress and hospital treatment;in case 5, the neonate underwent assited mechanical ventilation and conservative management, the hydrothorax has resolved gradually. Conclusions The prenatal diagnosis and antenatal intervention (thracocentesis) may play an important role in fetal hydrothorax treatment. In clinical, we should choose different plan according to the gestation weeks and classification of hydrothorax of the patient.

Objective To study the effect of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)on the expression of IRF-3 and IFN-β during the inflammatory reaction induced by cerebral ischemia reperfusion in mice.Methods Totally 144 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:(1)ischemia reperfusion group(I group):the mice were subjected to 12 minutes ischemia by bilateral common carotid arteries(CCA)occlusion,and reperfusion without additional intervention;(2)TLR4 blocking group(T group):after 10 minutes of bilateral CCA occlusion,TLR4 antibody was injected slowly into right CCA within 2 minutes;(3)sham group(S group):no CCA occlusion was performed.At 1,2,3 and 4 d after ischemia reperfusion,the expression levels of TLR4,IRF-3 and IFN-β protein in the cortex was respectively examined by Western blot.Results In the right cortex,the expression levels of TLR4,IRF-3 and IFN-β of I group were distinctly higher than that of S and T gtoup(P<0.05);the expression levels of the 3 protein of T group were significantly higher than those of S group(P<0.05).Conclusion The cerebral ischemia reperfusion could activate TLR4 expression in the cortex of the mice.TLR4 might participate in the cerebral ischemia reperfusion through upregulating the expression of IRF-3 and IFN-β.