OBJECTIVE To prepare the Graves disease (GD) mouse model through porcine thyroid globulin (PTG) injection and investigate the morbidity and stability of the model. METHODS C57BL6/N mice in model group received multi-point subcutaneous injection of PTG 25μg each week,six times in all. After the end of immunization,their heart rate and oxygen consumption were measured and serum triiodothyronine(T3)level was determined every two weeks. A model was considered successful if serum T3 level was higher than x+3s of the control group. Observation of the model lasted 12 weeks. At the 12th week,spleen and thymus gland indices,serum thyroid globulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies were measured,and the thyroid glands were taken for pathological observation. RESULTS After six times of immunization,mice in model group showed increased heart rate(P<0.01),oxygen consumption(P<0.01)and T3 level(P<0.01)compared with control group. The morbidity was 77.7%for male mice and 88.8%for females. In addition,T3 level in model group remained higher than that in control group within 12 weeks after immunization. The T3 level tended to decrease in male mice,but remained at a relatively stable higher level in females. CONCLUSION This method is suitable for GD modeling due to its short model-making time,high morbidity and long durability.

Background It has found that ischemic postconditioning (IPO) might decrease pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion (I/ R) injury,which is one of the main reasons of lung injury caused by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).It was found that aquaporins (AQPs) play a role in the maintenance of fluid homeostasis.But it is still unclear whether IPO influences the expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1).This study was designed to investigate whether IPO can reduce CPB-related lung injury and affect the expression of AQP1 of lungs.Methods Twelve healthy dogs were divided into control group (C group) and ischemia postconditioning group (IPO group).CPB procedures were implemented.Ten minutes later,the left pulmonary artery was separated and blocked.Postconditioning consisted of two cycles of 5-minute pulmonary artery reperfusion/5-minute reocclusion starting at the beginning of reperfusion.The 2×4 cm tissues of both sides of pulmonary apex,superior,middle and inferior lobe were taken before CPB (T1),before occlusion and reopening of left pulmonary artery (T2,T3),and 2 hours after CPB (T4).Samples were used to evaluate lung injury degrees and to detect the expression of AQP1.At T1 and T4,blood was collected from femoral artery to calculate pulmonary function.Results At T4,each pulmonary function showed significant deterioration compared with T1.Lung injury could be found at the onset of CPB.However,the expression of AQP1 decreased and wet to dry weight ratio (W/D) increased after T2.In the left lung of C group,the worst pulmonary function and structures were detected.The slightest changes were discovered in the right lung of C group.A close relationship between W/D and lung injury score was found.The lung injury score was negatively related with the expression of AQP1.It was found that the expression of AQP1 was negatively connected with W/D.Conclusions In dog CPB models,lung injury induced by CPB was related with down regulated expression of AQP1.AQP1 is believed to be involved in the mechanisms of lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by CPB.IPO increases the expression of AQP1,provides a protective effect on lung suffering from CPB,and alleviates CPB-related lung injury.

Objective To examine the kinetics of plasma S100A12 and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in infants and young children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB),and to investigate whether they could protective the occurrence of noninfectious pulmonary complication (NPC) after cardiac surgery.Methods This was a case-control study.The subjects included all children aged ＜3 years old who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB during the period from June 1st to July 31st 2011.The patient who showed pulmonary inflammation or had abnormal liver or renal function before surgery was excluded.The remain patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether they had developed NPC postoperatively.Twenty patients were grouped into NPC because they developed the complications of pleural effusion,chylothorax,partial lung collapse,pulmonary hypertensive crisis,airway disorders,pneumothorax,pneumomediastinum,or phrenic nerve palsy.Forty patients were categorized into the no-NPC group.Plasma concentrations of S100A12 and sRAGE were measured using ELISA at baseline,before CPB,immediately after CPB,1 h,12 h and 24 h after operation.Differences concentrations between two groups were analyzed with t test.A stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to indentify the independent risk factor for NPC.A P value ＜0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Plasma levels of S100A12 and sRAGE dramatically increased immediately after CPB ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The levels of sRAGE dropped to lower than baseline level (P ＜0.05),while S100A12 was still at high level 24h after operation (P ＜0.01 ).Levels of S100A12 and sRAGE immediately after CPB in NPC group were significantly higher than the no-NPC group (P ＜ 0.05).Twenty-four hours after operation,levels of S100A12 were still higher in NPC group than no-NPC (P ＜ 0.01 ),while levels of sRAGE were similar in the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).In the stepwise logistic regression analysis,plasma S100A12 level immediately after CPB remained as a independently predictor for postoperative NPC (OR =1.042,95％ CI:1.010 ～ 1.076,P =0.011 ).Levels of S100A12 immediately after CPB were positively associated with mechanical ventilation time ( r =0.47,P ＜ 0.01 ),duration of surgical Intensive Care Unit ( r =0.407,P =0.002) and hospital stay ( r =0.421,P =0.01 ).Conclusions Plasma levels of S100A12 and sRAGE were significantly increased immediately after CPB and the elevated plasma S100A12 immediately after CPB served as an early reliable biomarker of the occurrence and the prognosis of NPC after CPB in infants and young children.

Objective To isolate and study the phenotype and biological characteristics of chronic myelogenous leukemia-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Methods Cultivate the mesenchymal stem cells from chronic myelogenous leukemia in vitro, identify the immunophenotype by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), and detect the bcr-abl fusion gene by RT-PCR and FISH. Results The mesenchymal stem cells from chronic myelogenous leukemia can express the bcr-abl fusion gene. Conclusion These findings provide the evidence that the rearrangement of bcr-abl gene might happen at least more primitive than CD+34 CD-38 cells.

Background Blindness and low vision represent significant public health issues in China.Late diagnosis is the major reason for the irreversible vision impairment.A feasible,cost-effective screening and referral program is very important for the eye health care,prevention and treatment of blindness in China.Objective This study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a health examination center-based opportunistic eye disease screening program.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Subjects undergoing a routine physical examination at the health examination center of the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang were invited to attend this program.Presenting visual acuity,intraocular pressure,and nonmydriatic fundus photography were obtained.Optic diso photographs were evaluated independently by two ophthalmologists.Blindness and moderate to severe vision impairment were defined based on the criteria of World Health Organization Visual Impairment Classification in 2009.Glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy (DR) and other suspected eye diseases were diagnosed according to the fundus photography and intraocular pressure.This study was approved by Ethic Committe of the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang,the informed consent of each subject was obtained.Results Totally,15 303 subjects were enrolled and 15 197 of them finished the exanimations,giving a response rate of 99.3％.The overall percentage of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment was 0.08％ (12/15 197) and 2.34％ (355/15 197).Two hundred and twenty-eight (1.50％) subjects were defined as glaucoma suspects and 80 individuals (0.53％) were diagnosed as epimacular membrane.Other suspected eye diseases included DR (0.41％),branchial retinal vessel occlusion (0.24％),macular degeneration (0.09 ％),and macular hole (0.06％).More than 95 ％ of the eye disease suspects have never been previously diagnosed or treated.A total of 358 subjects (2.36％) were defined as ocular hypertension suspects.Conclusions This health examination center-based opportunistic eye disease screening shows a good efficiency and feasibility.It may become an optional program in the national eye health care project,as well as the work of prevention and treatment of blindness.

Objective To investigate the effect of dysfunction of T lymphocytes on clonal haematogenesis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Methods The cytogentics, the subsets of lymphocytes and their activation in 76 patients with MDS were analyzed. Results There were 36 patients with normal karyotype and 40 patients with abnormal karyotype. The incidence of abnormal karyotype were 52.6 %. There were 24 cases (60.0 %) with trisomy 8 (+8) in 40 cases of abnormal karyotype. The expression rates of CD+3 CD-19 cells, CD+3 CD-4 CD+8 cells and CD+3 HLA-DR+ cells in MDS were significantly increased, and CD-3 (CD16CD56)+ cells were significantly lower than that in control group. The expression rates of CD+3 (CD16CD56)+ cells in MDS with abnormal karyotype were significantly higher than that in control group. The expression rates of CD+3 CD+4 CD-8 cells in +8 MDS were significantly lower than that in MDS patients with normal karyotype and with other abnormal karyotype. The ratio of CD4/CD8 in +8 MDS were significantly lower than that in control group. Conclusion The abnormalities of T cell subsets and functions in patients with MDS were observed and the proliferation of malignant clone was prevalent which indicated a poor prognosis in MDS with abnormal karyotype. Dysfunction of immunosurveillance was more aggravated in +8 MDS, which led to excess proliferation of malignant clone and over inhibition of remaining haematogenesis.

Objective To observe the value of automated net water uptake(CTP-aNWU)based on CT perfusion(CTP)for predicting neurological prognosis of acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods A total of 145 AIS patients due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion were retrospectively enrolled,and the clinical data at admission and follow-up were collected.Alberta stroke program early CT score net water uptake(ASPECTS-NWU)was analyzed,and CTP-aNWU of the infarct core was obtained based on CTP and non-contrast CT(NCCT).According to modified Rankin scale(mRS)score 90 days after the onset of infarction,the patients were divided into favorable prognosis group(mRS score≤2,n=54)and poor prognosis group(mRS score＞2,n=91).The clinical data and imaging data were compared between groups,and the independent predictors of neurological prognosis of AIS were evaluated,and the predictive efficacies were assessed.Results There were significant differences in age,admission NIHSS score and admission ASPECTS of patients,as well as in ASPECTS-NWU,CTP-aNWU,infarct core volume,hypoperfusion factor of the lesions between groups(all P＜0.05).The infarct core volume(OR=0.977[0.963 to 0.992],P=0.002)and CTP-aNWU(OR=0.876[0.793 to 0.969],P=0.010)were independent predictors of neurological prognosis of AIS.The area under the curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristic curve of CTP-aNWU alone for predicting neurological prognosis of AIS patients 90 days after the onset was 0.634(95％CI[0.550,0.713]),which was 0.790(95％CI[0.714,0.853])of CTP-aNWU combined with infarct core volume,and the latter was better than the former(Z=3.500,P＜0.001).Conclusion CTP-aNWU was an independent predictor of neurological prognosis 90 days after the onset of AIS.Combining CTP-aNWU with infarct core volume could improve the predicting efficacy.

【Objective】 To help quality control laboratory of blood station select suitable internal quality control rules using Westgard sigma rules. 【Methods】 The accumulated coefficient of variation of internal quality control was used as the measurement imprecision in quality control laboratory of blood station, and the bias of the results of EQA in 2020 was regarded as Bias. The allowable total error (TEa) of WS/T406-2012 was used as the evaluation index to calculate the σvalue of laboratory blood testing items to select reasonable and feasible quality control rules using the Westgard sigma rule. 【Results】 The average σvalues of total protein in the three national EQAS were 14.2, 8.7 and 9.6, respectively. The average σvalues of fibrinogen in two national EQAS were 3.6 and 4.1. The average σvalues of Plt counts and MCHC were <4 and >3, and those of other items were more than 6 in two national EQAS. 【Conclusion】 The rule of 13s, 13s/22s/R4s/41s/ and 13s/22s/R4s/41s/ should be used in total protein, fibrinogen and whole blood cell count testing, respectively, by Westgard sigma rule, which can effectively help the blood quality control laboratory select appropriate quality control rules.

Objective To study the levels of antibodies against bordetella pertussis among pregnant women and neonates in Beijing. Method From December 2016 to March 2017, pregnant women and their newborns from three women and children′s hospitals in Beijing were enrolled in this study. 3 ml of venous blood from the mothers and 3 ml of umbilical cord blood from neonates were drawn.Pertussis bacillus IgG antibody (PER-IgG) and pertussis toxin IgG antibody (PT-IgG) were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. &chi;2 test was used to compare the positive rate of pertussis IgG antibodies in maternal and cord blood in the three hospitals. Correlational analyses of the antibodies levels in each hospital were conducted. The demographic characteristics, history of cough during pregnancy and history of DTaP vaccination of the mothers were collected via questionnaires. Result A total of 612 pairs of venous blood and cord blood samples were collected, including 4 mothers delivered twins and 616 cases of cord blood sample were collected. No history of pertussis were found in the 612 mothers. Among the 616 cases of umbilical cord blood, positive rate of PER-IgG was 13.3％ (82/616), positive rate of PT-IgG was 0.5％ (3/616). Among 612 cases of venous blood from the mothers, positive rate of PER-IgG was 7.7％ (47/612), positive rate of PT-IgG was 0.3％ (2/612). Positive rates of PER-IgG and PT-IgG in the mothers′ venous blood were not correlated with their residences (P=0.676 and 0.544). Positive rates of PER-IgG (r=0.842, P<0.001) and PT-IgG (r=0.619, P<0.001) in the mothers′ blood were positively correlated with the positive rate in umbilical cord blood. Conclusion This study shows that the positive rate of PER-IgG is very low in the maternal and umbilical cord blood in Beijing. Positive correlations of PER-IgG and PT-IgG between mother and umbilical cord blood were existed. Most mothers and their newborns do not have enough protection against pertussis.

BACKGROUNDIt has found that ischemic postconditioning (IPO) might decrease pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which is one of the main reasons of lung injury caused by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). It was found that aquaporins (AQPs) play a role in the maintenance of fluid homeostasis. But it is still unclear whether IPO influences the expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1). This study was designed to investigate whether IPO can reduce CPB-related lung injury and affect the expression of AQP1 of lungs.

METHODSTwelve healthy dogs were divided into control group (C group) and ischemia postconditioning group (IPO group). CPB procedures were implemented. Ten minutes later, the left pulmonary artery was separated and blocked. Postconditioning consisted of two cycles of 5-minute pulmonary artery reperfusion/5-minute reocclusion starting at the beginning of reperfusion. The 2×4 cm tissues of both sides of pulmonary apex, superior, middle and inferior lobe were taken before CPB (T1), before occlusion and reopening of left pulmonary artery (T2, T3), and 2 hours after CPB (T4). Samples were used to evaluate lung injury degrees and to detect the expression of AQP1. At T1 and T4, blood was collected from femoral artery to calculate pulmonary function.

RESULTSAt T4, each pulmonary function showed significant deterioration compared with T1. Lung injury could be found at the onset of CPB. However, the expression of AQP1 decreased and wet to dry weight ratio (W/D) increased after T2. In the left lung of C group, the worst pulmonary function and structures were detected. The slightest changes were discovered in the right lung of C group. A close relationship between W/D and lung injury score was found. The lung injury score was negatively related with the expression of AQP1. It was found that the expression of AQP1 was negatively connected with W/D.

CONCLUSIONSIn dog CPB models, lung injury induced by CPB was related with down regulated expression of AQP1. AQP1 is believed to be involved in the mechanisms of lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by CPB. IPO increases the expression of AQP1, provides a protective effect on lung suffering from CPB, and alleviates CPB-related lung injury.

Animals ; Aquaporin 1 ; metabolism ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Dogs ; Humans ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; methods ; Lung Injury ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; prevention & control