The microenvironment of lymphoma is an important factor affecting the development of lymphoma, which is involved in regulating the recognition and immune response of lymphoma cells by the immune system. In the era of immunotherapy of lymphoma, the state of microenvironment also affects the effect of monoclonal antibodies, small molecular compounds and other immune targeting drugs on lymphoma cells. Among them, microenvironment-related immune escape is one of the key factors leading to the failure of lymphoma treatment. This article reviews some microenvironment factors such as stromal immune cell subsets, vascular proliferation, hypoxia, immune checkpoint and the recent research progress of immune escape.