Objective　 To investigate the profile of telomerase and telomerase RNA expression in nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis (NPC) induced by N,N'dinitrosopi perazine (DNP) and examined histolofically. Methods Nasopharyngeal carcinomas o f rats were induced by DNP and examined histologically. PCR-ELISA and nested R T -PCR were used to assay telomerase and telomerase RNA expression at different s tages in the nasopharyngeal tissues of rats. Results　 During the carcinogenesis p rocess, telomerase activity increased along with the formation of a nasopharynge al carcinoma. Telomerase expression was positively related with nasopharyngeal c arcinogenesis. Telomerase RNA expression was present and did not change during t he NPC process. Expression of telomease RNA was earlier than telomerase activat ion. Telomerase activation and telomerase RNA expressin were also detected in th e pre-cancerous nasopharyngeal lesions. Conclusion　 Telomerase activation may p articipate in the onset and progression of NPC, and is an early step in NPC.

Objective:To identify a novel reassortant H3N2 avian influenza virus using nanopore sequencing technology and analyze its genetic characteristics.Methods:The positive samples of the H3N2 avian influenza virus, collected from the external environment in the farmers' market of Guangzhou, were cultured in chicken embryos. The whole genome was sequenced by targeted amplification and nanopore sequencing technology. The genetic characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatics software.Results:The phylogenetic trees showed that each gene fragment of the strain belonged to the Eurasian evolutionary branch, and the host source was of avian origin. The HA gene was closely related to the origin of the H3N6 virus. The NA gene was closely related to the H3N2 avian influenza virus from 2017 to 2020. The PB1 gene was closely related to the H5N6 avian influenza virus in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Fujian Province from 2016 to 2022 and was not related to the PB1 gene of the H5N6 avian influenza epidemic strain in Guangzhou. The other internal gene fragments had complex sources with significant genetic diversity. Molecular characteristics indicated that the strain exhibited the molecular characteristics of a typical low pathogenic avian influenza virus and tended to bind to the receptors of avian origin. On important protein sites related to biological characteristics, this strain had mutations of PB2-L89V, PB1-L473V, NP-A184K, M1-N30D/T215A, and NS1-P42S/N205S.Conclusions:This study identified a novel reassortant H3N2 avian influenza virus by nanopore sequencing, with the PB1 gene derived from the H5N6 avian influenza virus. The virus had a low ability to spread across species, but further exploration was needed to determine whether its pathogenicity to the host was affected.

Objective To examine whether sleep problems are related to both emotional and behavioral problems in children aged 3-6 years.Methods A large cross-sectional study was conducted in Anqing,Wuhu,Tongling and Yangzhou from March to June 2015.A total of 8 900 preschool aged children were included.Sleep problems were obtained by using adapted BISQ completed by the parents or the people who took care of children.Emotional and behavioral problems of the children were accessed by using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ),and multivariate logistic regression model was used for statistical analyses.Results The detected rates of emotional symptoms,conduct problems,hyperactivity problems,peer problems,total difficulties and prosocial behavior in preschool aged children were 9.0％,13.9％,18.9％,25.5％,13.6％ and 16.2％ respectively.All the detected rates were higher in boys than in girls except the higher rate of emotional symptoms.The proportions of children with high sleep quality,moderate sleep quality and poor or worse sleep quality were 3.9％,52.9％ and 43.2％ respectively.After controlling the confounding factors of demographic variables,including gender,age,delivery mode,birth weight,birth height and patent' s educational level,multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of emotional symptoms,conduct problems,hyperactivity problems,peer problems,total difficulties and prosocial behavior in children with longer sleep duration was lower than that in children with shorter sleep duration,the ORs were 0.86 (95％CI:0.77-0.95),0.85 (95％CI:0.78-0.93),0.85 (95％CI:0.79-0.92),0.87(95％CI:0.81-0.93),0.83 (95％CI:0.76-0.91) and 0.82 (95％CI:0.76-0.89) respectively.Compared with the children with good sleep quality,the risk of emotional symptoms,conduct problems,hyperactivity problems,peer problems,total difficulties and prosocial behavior were higher in children with poor or worse sleep quality,the ORs were 3.26 (95％CI:2.40-4.42),2.86 (95％CI:2.16-3.78),2.60 (95％ CI:2.00-3.38),1.96 (95％ CI:1.52-2.54),4.02 (95％ CI:3.06-5.27) and 2.56 (95％ CI:1.96-3.35) respectively.Conclusion There was a negative impact of shorter sleep and poor or worse sleep on emotional and behavioral problems of preschool aged children.