1.Shanghai mode of precise control of imported cold-chain food for during the COVID-19 epidemic
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):363-365
In order to strictly control and prevent the risk of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission through imported cold-chain foods, Shanghai has implemented many multiple countermeasures, including “Three PointsIntermediate Sites, One Transit Cold Storage” and “Four Drive Linkage”. Shanghai cold-chain information traceability system and other operating mechanisms have been established, according to the guidance of “One Single Plan”. The multilevel, overall, traceable, life cycle and whole processand closed-loop control regulatory system, called “Shanghai mode of control” for imported cold-chain food has been basically formed, which would facilitate precise regulation and management of create an accurate management system for imported cold-chain foods.
2.Analysis on unqualified items of infant formula food by supervision and sampling inspection in China
Sheng-hao YU ; Yi-qi LI ; Shao-jie PENG
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):366-371
Objective:To describe the unqualified situation of infant formula food by supervision and sampling inspection in China, and then recommend appropriate countermeasures. Methods:The results of supervision and sampling inspection of infant formula food were summarized from 2015 through 2020 in China, and the unqualified items were classified and analyzed. Results:From 2015 through 2020, a total of 30 252 batches of infant formula food were sampled and examined in China, in which 187 batches were determined to be unqualified with an overall unqualified rate of 0.62% (187/30 252). Content of items in 82 batches of samples did not meet the national standards for food safety, accounting for 43.85% (82/187) of the total number of unqualified batches. Labels in 105 batches were unqualified, accounting for 56.15% (105/187). Generally, the unqualified rate of infant formula food showed an overall downward trend over years, with a 1.8% of decrease between 2020 (0.03%) and 2015 (1.83%). The main problems in the unqualified infant formula food in China were minerals, vitamins, optional ingredients, microorganisms and conventional nutrients, which accounted for 39.50% (94/238), 15.97% (38/238), 14.29% (34/238), 10.50% (25/238) and 10.08% (24/238) of the total unqualified items, respectively. Conclusion:Food manufacturers should strictly implement the principal responsibility of food safety, and government regulatory sectors should continue to strengthen the supervision to ensure the quality and safety of infant formula food.
3.Identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus based on the concatenated DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene
Zhen FENG ; Zhi-hua ZHANG ; Shan-shan XIAO ; Huan ZHANG ; Feng QIN ; Mei-cheng YANG
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):372-376
Objective:To establish the concatenated DNA sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (
4.Health risk assessment of multiple antibiotic residues in meat and meat products in Shanghai from 2016 to 2020
Bao-zhang LUO ; Lu-xin QIN ; Hua CAI ; Jing-jin YANG ; Li-bei XIONG ; Hong LIU
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):377-385
Objective:To determine the current status of multiple antibiotic residues in meat and meat products in Shanghai based on a 5-year surveillance, and perform the health risk assessment. Methods:We performed the examination in accordance with the Manual for National Food Contamination and Harmful Factor Risk Monitoring, and conduct health risk assessment according to the national limit standards on the monitoring data of 2016‒2020. Results:The total detection rate of multiple antibiotics in meat and meat products in Shanghai was determined to be 16.03%, in which the total unqualified rate was 1.97%. Moreover, the detection rate of quinolones was 2.78% and its unqualified rate was 0.83%. The unqualified rate of loxacin in cooked meat products was 2.12%. The detection rate of tetracyclines was 17.06% and its unqualified rate was 0.34%, in which the highest detection rate was identified in doxycycline (11.64%). The detection rate of sulfonamides was 3.16%, in which the highest detection rate was in sulfamethazine (1.05%). The detection rate of florfenicol was 5.15% and its unqualified rate was 0.12%. The difference of ofloxacin residues between diverse food categories (
5.Comparative analysis of the detection and control standards for quinolone residues in animal-derived foods and supervision among multiple regulatory sectors
Ying PAN ; Chen-yue FAN ; Ren-ping TONG ; Su-jie XIA
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):386-390
In order to compare the standards for quinolone residues in animal-derived food in China and supervision among multiple regulatory sectors
6.Food safety risk monitoring ability of institutions for disease control and prevention in a province
Jian-hui SHI ; An LU ; Ruo ZHANG ; Yin-qi SUN ; Hai-xia ZHANG ; Yi-ning ZHANG ; Ming-yuan YONG ; Yi-wen ZHANG ; Qun ZUO ; Qi LI
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):391-396
Objective:To determine the current situation of food safety risk monitoring ability of centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) in a province, and provide reference for strengthening the construction of food safety monitoring ability in the future. Methods:A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 14 CDCs who are responsible for food safety risk monitoring in the province in 2018. Results:The ratio of food inspection staff with senior, middle, and primary professional titles was 1∶1∶1. The educational background of food inspection staff at the provincial and municipal levels was mainly bachelor degree or above, while that of county level directly under the administration of the province was mainly college degree. The age composition of the staff at the provincial level tended to be elder; however, there were more staff with less working experience at the county level. The qualification proportion of laboratory area was 50%. The distribution proportion of food inspection equipment in the CDC at all levels was 83.3%, 79.5% and 36.3%, respectively. In total, 14 CDCs completed the monitoring task as required. They were all accredited with laboratory qualifications; however, one CDC did not conduct re-evaluation after the certification of food inspection qualification expired. Each CDC ensured the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data through the supervision in food testing. Conclusion:The food safety risk monitoring ability of the CDCs in the province is continuously improved, which can meet the needs of routine monitoring. However, the composition of professional titles of food inspection staff is not very reasonable. There is still a gap between the equipment configuration and the national requirements. The ability of food inspection needs to be improved, in which quality management and laboratory qualification should be further strengthened.
7.Risk management of imported cold-chain foods during the COVID-19 pandemic
Yi-fei WANG ; Jing-he XIE ; Shu-guang LI ; Qing-wu JIANG ; Bo CHEN
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):397-403
Since July 2020, nucleic acids of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 were frequently detected in cold chain food imported to China, making imported food being a potential risk to the COVID-19 outbreak. Based on the epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, imported cold-chain food and their packaging may become the carriers of SARS-CoV-2 in long-distance cross-border transportation. In each aspect of stakeholders including governmental supervision, manufacturers and consumers, China should strengthen the risk management of imported cold-chain food to ensure the safety, especially pay attention to the health protection of industry workers in close contact with cold -chain food.
8.Health and economic evaluation of entervirus 71 vaccine immunization on HFMD in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2016 to 2018XU Zhi-yin1, WANG Xi1, ZHANG Li-ping1, LÜ Jing1, LI Xu-cheng1, LIU Nian1, LU Jia1, SU Hua-lin1, ZENG Mei2, WU Min1 1.Minghang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201101, China; 2.Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201101, China
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):404-409
Objective:To investigate the prevention and control effect of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) after entervirus (EV) 71 vaccine immunization, evaluate economic benefit of EV71 vaccine immunization,and provide evidence for developing HFMD vaccine immunization strategies. Methods:Descriptive analysis was performed on comparing epidemiological characteristics of HFMD before and after EV71 vaccine immunization. Cost-benefit analysis was conducted, in which disease burden of HFMD, coverage of EV71 vaccine immunization, and costs of EV71 vaccine immunization were collected to evaluate the benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Results:The average incidence of HFMD was 202.17/10 million from 2017 to 2018, which decreased by 43.8% compared with the average of the previous six years(
9.Attenuation of anti-measles antibody in the healthy population aged 1-14 years old in an urban district, Shanghai
Shu-hua LI ; Cheng-xiao WANG ; Xi-hong TANG ; Xia GAO ; Chun-zhu WU ; Fan-di XIE ; Yu CHEN
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):410-413
Objective:To determine the level of anti-measles antibody in healthy population aged 1-14 years old in Shanghai, and project the risk of measles incidence in adult population in the future, which may provide evidence for enhancing the measles immunization strategy. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect the serum of healthy people aged 1-14 years old in an urban district hospital in Shanghai. Serum concentration of anti-measles IgG antibody was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dynamics of IgG antibody was compared. Results:The prevalence of anti-measles antibody in healthy people aged 1-14 years old was determined to be 95.29%, and the antibody protection rate was 61.86%. There was no significant difference in the distribution of antibody between men and women (
10.Development of planned immunization program in Jiading District,ShanghaiZHANG Qian,ZHONG Pei-song,ZHANG Shu-zhi,ZHANG Wei, PENG Qian, SHAO Yue-qin, FEI JieJiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(5):414-419
Planned immunization program in Jiading District has experienced nearly 70 years,and basically established a relatively complete vaccination service system. Vaccination clinics have experienced four rounds of construction,which facilitates scientific,standardized,and informationized clinics. Moreover, it has trained a great deal of public health professionals in immunization program. Vaccines are able to be ordered and distributed uniformly,achieved with cold-chain equipment and real-time monitoring of temperature. Through a networking of vaccination information system, five-code linkage, which means vaccine traceability code, vaccine producing code,cold-chain equipment code,vaccinated child code,and vaccinating doctor code, has been achieved. Vaccines for expanded program immunization developed quickly, from 7 categories for preventing 8 diseases to 12 categories for preventing 13 diseases. In addition, number of self-funded vaccines are increasingly available. Currently, Jiading District is the first district implementing vaccination compensation insurance in Shanghai. Vaccine-preventable diseases are effectively controlled. However,challenges remain in the insufficient supply of self-funded vaccines and thorough elimination of measles.