Purpose To explore the clinicopathological features, differential diagnosis of solitary bronchial papilloma, and its relation with and human papilloma virus infection.Methods Four cases of SBP were studied by routine histologic,immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization, together with review of the literature.Results One of four lesions was squamous cell papilloma, with focal malignant change of squamous cell carcinoma with microinvasion. The case was an old woman and the cancer located in central bronchus. Others were mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma, and two cases with features of moderate cytologic atypia. The age ranged from 25 to 73 years (average 54), and tumors were located in the bronchi and segmental bronchi. Papillary arborizing connective tissue stalks were lined by both squamous and glandular epithelium. Four papillomas were exophytic, with one case inverted partly. Four cases were examined for HPV DNA and all were negative.Conclusions SBP in adults is a rare lung neoplasm. Based on uncommon cases association with malignant change, all endobronchial papillomas should be completely excised.

Purpose　To investigate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of Epstein-Barr virus-associated and Epstein-Barr virus not-associated primary intestinal T-cell lymphomas(ITCL) and to study their cell origins. Methods　In situ hybridization for EBER1/2 and immunohistochemical staining for immunophenotypes, LMP-1,TIA-1,bcl-2 and CD21 were performed in 32 cases. The clinical data were analyzed and all patients were followed-up. Results　(1) In 27 of the 32 cases, EBER1/2 were detected in the tumor cells, in which 11 presented LMP-1 positive reactions. (2) All 32 cases of ITCL revealed CD45RO positivity，in which 4（12.5%） expressed CD8，8（25.0%）expressed CD4, 9（28.1%）expressed CD56,and 31（96.9%）expressed TIA-1. There were 17（53.7%）cases with CD4-，CD8-，CD56- immunophenotype. None expressed bcl-2 and CD21. 32 ITCL were classified into pleomorphic medium and large cell(n=28), monomorphic medium-sized(n=2), pleomorphic small cell(n=2). Clinically, most patients with ITCL were young males with abdominal pain, hematochezia, fever and weight loss. The prognosis of patients with ITCL showed poor (survival median was 1.7 month). (3) The differences between EBV-associated and EBV not-associated ITCL lay in hematochezia, fever and the expression of CD3, CD8 and CD56. Conclusion　Most of Chinese ITCL are EBV-associated ones with unusual clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features，which are of different lineages of T-cell subtypes, including cytotoxic T-cell or NK cell.

Objective To explore the clinicopathological features of adult pulmonary sequestration and summarize the misdiagnosis experiences.Methods Data of 16 cases of adult pulmonary sequestration ( 18 years),who were confirmed by surgery and biopsy in our hospital were collected and reviewed.Results The median age of all the patients was 38.5 years.The female seemed to be more likely to suffer from adult pulmonary sequestration ( n =12) with cough to be the most frequent symptom ( n =9 ).CT scans revealed most of the lesions were located in the left lower lobes of the lungs ( n =9 ).Half of the lesions were characterized by pulmonary cyst-like changes and/or multiple cystic bronchiectasis ( n =8 ),followed by soft tissue mass in or out of the lung fields ( n =7).Enhanced CT scans showed abnormal arteries from the systemic circulation.Only two cases were diagnosed as pulmonary sequestration correctly in the primary diagnosis.The remaining were mostly misdiagnosed as pulmonary cyst-like changes with bronchiectasis ( n =6) or tumors (n =6).According to the findings during surgery,13 cases were intralobar pulmonary sequestrations; 3 cases were extralobars,whose tissues were all detected dysplasia and chronic inflammatory by histopathological examinations.Conclusions The misdiagnosis rate of pulmonary sequestration is high because of its non-specific clinical symptoms.Since it is characterized by abnormal arteries and pulmonary dysplasia,enhanced CT scans should be used as a preferred screening method for suspected cases,especially for those middleaged patients with cystic or mass-like lesions in the left lower lobes of the lungs.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the contents of trace elements in benign lung tissue, lung cancer tissue and paracancerous tissue of patients with lung cancer and their rule of variation.

METHODSAtomic absorption spectrometry was used to measure the contents of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), cuprum (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in lung cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues from 19 lung cancer patients and 9 patients with benign pulmonary diseases. The ratio of a certain element's content in cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues was applied to evaluate the role of the element in tumor generation and development.

RESULTSThe contents of Cu, Pb in cancer tissues were higher than those in paracancerous tissues, and the contents in paracancerous tissues were higher than those in benign tissues; The contents of Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni and Zn were in cancer tissues than those in paracancerous tissues. Pb showed significant accumulation in cancer tissues, while Ni showed significant accumulation in paracancerous tissues.

CONCLUSIONSSignificant differences of the contents of trace elements are found among the different lung tissues, and this result indicates that the change of trace elements' contents is related to the generation and development of lung cancer.

BACKGROUNDInflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are rare tumors of soft tissue recognized recently and the lung is one of common organs involved. The aim of this study is to investigate the valuable clinicopathological features for diagnosis of IMTs of the lung.

METHODSThe clinicopathology data of 9 patients with IMTs were collected. The resected lesions of the patients were studied by histological and immunohistochemical methods.

RESULTSThe 9 patients' symptoms mainly included cough, expectoration and dyspnea. Seven patients displayed as benign IMTs and 2 malignant IMTs. The big spindle neoplastic myofibroblastic cells of the benign IMTs had eosinophilic cytoplasm and round or oval nuclei. Mitoses were generally scanty (0-2/50HPF). Compared with the benign IMTs, the malignant IMTs displayed highly atypical polygonal cells with oval vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli and variable mitoses ( > 25/50HPF). Ganglion-like myofibroblastic cells with plasma cells, and lymphocytes invasion could be seen in all IMTs. The immunohistochemical results were: in all patients vimentin, muscle-specific actin and α-smooth muscle actin (+), p53 (-), while some patients desmin and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 (+).

CONCLUSIONSIMTs patients' symptoms are atypical. IMTs are composed with abundant myofibroblasts accompanied with many inflammatory cells. Surgical resection is the first choice for IMTs, complete resection leads to excellent survival for benign IMTs but not very well for malignancy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEPleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare malignant tumor with unique clinicopathological features. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinicopathological features, the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pleuropulmonary blastoma.

METHODSFive cases of PPB were analyzed by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and their clinical data, and the relative literatures were reviewed.

RESULTSFive cases of patients suffered from PPB were aged from 21 to 47 months (mean 32.8 months). Most of the masses were located in the thoracic cavities and 4 cases accompanied with pleural effusions. Histologically, these tumors included 1 case of type I PPB which showed pure cystic architecture; 2 cases were type II PPB which showed cystic and solid masses accompanied with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation and nodules of cartilage; the other 2 cases were type III PPB and characterized by absolute solid masses with anaplastic undifferentiated sarcomatous components. Immunohistochemical studies showed that tumor cells were positive for Vimentin and some for Desmin and Myogenin, the nodules of cartilage were positive for S-100. The tumor cells were negative for PCK, EMA and CD99.

CONCLUSIONPleuropulmonary blastoma is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy arising in the lung and pleural of infancy and early childhood. The type I, II and III PPB have unique clinicopathological features respectively. This kind of tumor should be distinguished from some benign and malignant diseases such as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Pleural Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Pulmonary Blastoma ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery

To study the effect of batroxobin(DF-521) on atherosclerosis, we divided 50 Japanese big ear rabbits into control group and high-lipid group. After the atherosclerosis model was successfully established, the high-lipid rabbits were divided into 3 groups(placebo group, treatment group 1 and treatment group 2). Batroxobin was injected in the treatment groups, and saline was injected in placebo group and control group. Getting the aorta before, inter and after treatment, dyeing the lipid, endothelium, smooth muscle, collagen fibers of the vascular plaque(the elastic fibers are of autofluorescence), we observed them with the light microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope. From the results, we found that the atherosclerotic plaque in the treatment groups, tended to be static four weeks later, but there was no obvious difference between treatment group 1 and treatment group 2. These implied that batroxobin possessed the action of stabilizing the atherosclerotic plaque, but the dosage-effect was not clear and the principle needed more study.
Animals ; Arteriosclerosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Batroxobin ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Rabbits

Objective　To investigate the relationship between histological classification of lung cancer and protein tyrosine phosphatase. Methods　The expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase in bronchial epithelia from 34 patients with benign pulmonary lesions and 121 patients with primary pulmonary carcinoma was examined by immunohistochemical staining method. Results　The positive rate of protein tyrosine phosphatase expression was 95.03％±2.10％ in 34 patients with benign pulmonary lesions, 43.59％±14.41％ in 121 patients with primary pulmonary carcinoma; 47.57％±16.26％ in 46 patients with adenocarcinoma, 40.59％±14.04％ in 48 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 42.13％±9.84％ in 27 patients with adenosquamous carcinoma; 31.63％±10.34％ in 21 patients with poor differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 41.39％±9.35％ in 18 patients with intermediate differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 59.90％±8.61％ in 9 patients with well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma; 34.14％±12.53％ in 16 patients with poor differentiated adenocarcinoma, 52.10％±12.19％ in 26 patients with intermediate differentiated adenocarcinoma, and 63.05％±15.84％ in 4 patients with well differentiated adenocarcinoma. A significant difference of protein tyrosine phosphatase positive expression was observed between benign pulmonary lesions and primary pulmonary carcinomas, and between poor differentiated primary pulmonary carcinomas and well differentiated primary pulmonary carcinomas (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). Conclusion　Detection of protein tyrosine phosphatase may be helpful to differentiate pulmonary lesions from lung cancer and be regarded as one of the indices in predicting the prognosis of patients with primary pulmonary carcinomas.

BACKGROUNDTo study the relationship between expression of endostatin and clinical and pathophysiological characteristics in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSThe expression of endostatin was detected in 46 lung cancer tissues and paracancerous lung tissues, 14 benign pulmonary lesion tissues as control by immunohistochemical staining (LSAB method).

RESULTSThe expression of endostatin in lung cancer tissues (84.91%±7.65%) was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissues (63.70%±12.45%) and benign pulmonary lesion tissues (40.29%±15.01%) (P < 0.01); The expression of endostatin was closely related to the size of primary tumor, distant metastasis of the cancer, P-TNM stages and cell differentiation of lung cancer (P < 0.05), but not to the histological classification, lymph node status, location of the tumor, smoking or not, age and sex of the patients with lung cancer (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of endostatin in NSCLC cancer tissues might be helpful to evaluate the biological behavior of lung cancer.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the roles of E-cadherin and β-catenin genes in metastasis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.

METHODSThe expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin were detected in 112 non-small cell lung cancer tissues and 30 benign pulmonary lesion tissues by immunohistochemical method (LSAB method).

RESULTSThe expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in lung cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent non-cancerous lung tissues and benign pulmonary tissues (P < 0.01); The expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in lung cancer tissues with lymph node and/or distant metastasis was significantly lower than that in those without lymph node and distant metastasis (P < 0.01); The 5-year survival rate in patients with low E-cadherin expression and low β-catenin expression (6.78%) was remarkably lower than that in cases with high expression (6.78% vs 35.85% and 3.78% vs 37.29%) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSUnderexpressions of E-cadherin and β-catenin are very common in non-small cell lung cancer, and it may play an important role in the progression and metastasis of lung cancer. Detection of expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in lung cancer might be helpful to predict prognosis.