Objective Through analysed the questionnaire about postpartum contraception knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) among obstetricians,to understand the postpartum contraceptive knowledge,idea,attitude and related factors among obstetricians.Methods From October 2013 toDecember 2013,209 obstetricians of 10 different levels of the hospital of Tianjin area had been enrolled in this study,and KAP questionnaire was investigated.Results The knowledge of postpartum contraception among obstetricians was seriously lack,the total correct rate was 34.8％,the lowest score was 5 points,the highest was 80 points,the average score was 34.8± 13.5,more than 60 points accounted for only 2.9％ (6/209).86.6％ (181/209) obstetricians have thought it necessary to carry out postpartum contraceptive propaganda during pregnancy,and 97.6％ (204/209) obstetricians have thought it necessary to develop postpartum contraception training.92.8％ (194/209) and 94.2％ (197/209) obstetricians always informed that pay attention to contraception before discharge and postpartum visit,specific methods were not discussed.Obstetricians obtained relevant progress of contraceptive knowledge mainly through the daily medical work (92.8％,194/209),hoped that approach postpartum contraception related knowlege through continuing education courses (77.5％,162/209),special lectures in academic conference (72.2％,151/209) and special training (67.5％,141/209).Conclusions (1) The postpartum contraception knowledge among obstetricians is seriously lack.(2) The obstetricians hold positive attitude towards the propaganda for postpartum contraceptive knowledge.(3) Postpartum contraception related education only provided before discharging and postpartum visit,and the content was simply inform that pay attention to contraception,specific methods are not discussed.(4) To explore the reason why postpartum contraception situation is not ideal,that's because insufficient attention and propaganda,obstetricians don't update the contraception knowledge,and be lack of knowledge on the efficient,long-acting reversible contraception methods,exaggerated the side effects and complications.

Objective To compare efficacy of female sterilization by modified Uchida technique and silver clips and to evaluate the influence on operation procedure and clinical effect with or without surgery training of service providers. Methods A comparative, multicenter clinical trial was performed in 18 county and township-level service centers. Totally 2198 women underwent sterilization from these 18 study center were divided into 1116 women sterilized by modified Uchida technique and 1082 women by silver clips.Those 18 centers were classified into 9 training groups which provide surgical skills of sterilization and other contents and 9 non training groups. Clinical documents of sterilization were recorded. All women were followup at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Results There were no complications during surgery by both sterilization. The failure rate was 2.03% (22/1082) in silver clip method and the mean operative time were ( 12. 4 ± 6. 4 ) minutes in training group and ( 14. 4 ± 8. 1 ) minutes in non training group. In modified Uchida method, the failure rate was 0. 18% (2/1116) and the mean operative time were (16. 2 ± 4. 9)minutes in training group and (19.0 ±8.6) minutes in non training group. The mean operative time between two groups reached statistical difference ( all P ＜ 0. 05 ). Total ended rate in modified Uchida technique were 2. 2/hundred women year in training group and 2. 5/hundred women year in non training group, and the rate of silver slips were 3. 9/hundred women year and 4. 8/hundred women year, which did not show significant difference ( all P ＞ 0. 05 ). There was no significant difference in acceptability and side effects of all women between two methods (P ＞ 0. 05). The training of service providers could influence acceptability of women (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions Clinical efficacy was not influenced by those two methods. The operative time and acceptability were improved by training surgeons in silver clips method.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of medicated γintrauterine device (IUD) and medicated genefix IUD inserted immediately after abortion. Methods A multicenter clinical trail was performed for the study from Mar. 2012 to Jan. 2013. Totally 840 women who volunteered to participate were randomly allocated to γ-group (medicated γ IUD) or genefix-group (medicated genefix IUD) immediately after abortion. While 464 abortion women who had not used IUD or steroids contraceptive methods were chosen as control group. The effectiveness of the IUD were followed up for 1 year. All women were required to record the number of vaginal bleeding days and blood volume of vaginal bleeding within 3 months after abortion. Results At the 12th month, the expulsion was the most common reason for termination. The expulsion rates of genefix-group and γ-group were 2.48/100 women years and 3.12/100 women years, respectively (P>0.05). For the expulsion reasons, IUD moving down could account for more than seventy percent. The removal rate for IUD usage of two IUD groups were almost equal (3.91/100 women years verus 4.35/100 women years), the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). At the 90th day after abortion, comparing with control group, the bleeding and (or) spotting days of genefix-group and γ-group extended by 3.9 and 2.6 days respectively, the differences had statistical significance between the three groups (P<0.05). Among the bleeding and (or) spotting days, spotting days prolonged significantly. At the 12th month, spotting days of genefix-group andγ-group were (9.2±5.9) days and (8.5±4.6) days respectively, more than (5.2 ± 4.0) days of control group. The differences had statistical significance between IUD with control group (P<0.05), and had not between the two kinds of IUD (P>0.05). Conclusion The insertion of medicated genefix IUD and medicated γ IUD immediately after abortion is safe, feasible, has slight side effects and could be effective contraception.

In gynecology, it is very important to obtain the parameters of women's uterine musculature, such as its deformation size and contraction frequency, etc. This paper proposes a type of sensor for measuring these parameters and also analyzes its force situation. The sensor is flexible, deformable, and can adjust itself to the shape of the uterus. It can be put into the women's uterine cavity easily. The experiment shows that the sensitivity of the left and right sets coils of the sample sensor achieves 22.38 nH/mm2, while that of the top set coils achieves 22.84 nH/mm2, and the reaction time of the sensor is less than 200 ms. These results can meet the requirements of sensitivity and reaction time for testing the contraction situation of uterine musculature. The sensor has been applied in some medical fields.
Biosensing Techniques ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Humans ; Intrauterine Devices ; Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems ; instrumentation ; Uterine Contraction ; physiology

Objective To understand the incidence pattern of fall among older adults in Anhui province during 2006-2014,and provide scientific basis for intervention strategies and decision-making.Methods The incidence data of fall in elderly adults from 6 sentinel hospitals in 2 national injury surveillance areas in Anhui province between 2006 and 2014 were collected for this descriptive epidemiological analysis of the overall incidence trend,demographic characteristics,case distribution and clinical characteristics of fall cases in the elderly.Results The fall case number,the proportions of fall cases to injury cases and to overall fall cases in the elderly all increased from 2006 to 2014.The fall was the first cause of the elderly injury during the past 9 years.The sex ratio was 0.74 and the cases in males decreased with age.In both males and females,the cases in retirees and the jobless accounted for the highest proportions.The annual incidence peak was during August to October,and two daily incidence peaks were during 9 am-ll am and 16 pm-18 pm.The elderly falls mainly occurred at home (62.07％),and more females were affected than males (70.27％ vs.50.97％).Leisure activity and homework related falls accounted for 49.18％ and 28.67％ respectively,and more housework related falls occurred in females than in males.Contusion/abrasion was the first injury caused by fall in males (42.63％) and fracture was the first injury caused by fall in females (47.27％).Head was the first injury site in males (38.04％) and leg was the first injury site in females (29.29％).Most injuries caused by fall were mild (55.12％) and moderate (41.84％) in severity,but the proportions of moderate and severe cases increased gradually with age.Conclusion Fall in the elderly has become a public health problem.It is necessary to take targeted prevention and control measures according to the gender and age distributions of the fall in the elderly.