Objective To describe the distribution and spatial clustering of active pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Funing county of Jiangsu Province,China,and to determine the rules of recent transmission in TB patients and help establish the strategy of TB control with the results of genetic typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.TB).Methods Newly reported and retreated tuberculosis patients registered in Funing county,Jiangsu Province between Jun 1,2009 and Nov 30,2010 were recruited as research subjects.Geographic information system was applied to analysis the spatial clustering of tuberculosis patients.The M.TB isolates were genotyped by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRU).Cluster was defined as two or more patients' M.TB isolates harboring identical MIRU genotype.Results During the study period,there were a total of 681 active pulmonary tuberculosis patients reported.Global Moran's I value and local Moran's I value indicated a random and sporadical manner instead of global spatial clustering of tuberculosis patients in Funing county.Spatial scan statistics (SaTScan) showed that the patients in Guoshu town was statistically significant in spatial clustering (RR=1.85,P=0.036).Among 169 strains of M.TB,27 strains distributed in 12 clusters,which indicated recent transmission among patients within the cluster.Conclusions In rural areas with high tuberculosis incidence,it is less likely to have massive tuberculosis outbreak.Sporadic transmission of tuberculosis may have played an important role in the transmission of tuberculosis in high prevalence area.

Objective:To explore the status of HIV infection, time trends and related factors of MSM in Harbin from 2009 to 2018 and provide evidences for comprehensive prevention and control strategies of MSM HIV/AIDS.Methods:From April to July during 2009-2018, continuous cross-sectional studies were conducted on MSM recruited through snowball sampling. The unified questionnaire was used to collect demographic, behavioral, and serological information. The SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the Joinpoint 4.8.0.1 software was applied to the annual percent change (APC) for time trends analysis using the Joinpoint regression model.Results:A total of 4 813 MSM were surveyed in Harbin from 2009 to 2018. The overall HIV antibody positive rate was 11.3 % ( 543/4 813). Joinpoint regression analysis showed that there was an increase in the HIV antibody positive rate from 2009 to 2015, while the segmentation point was in 2015 ( Z=4.2, P<0.05) but, there was a decrease from 2015 to 2018( Z=-1.3, P=0.3). The positive rate of syphilis antibody was 12.9% (621/4 813). There was a decrease in the positive rate of syphilis antibodies from 2009 to 2013 ( Z=-2.8 ,P<0.05). There was a decrease in the positive rate of syphilis antibodies from 2013 to 2018 ( Z=-0.7, P=0.5). Results from multiple logistic aggression analysis showed that the risk factors associated with the prevalence of HIV infection including network recruitment (a OR=1.307, 95% CI: 1.057-1.617), age 30 and above (a OR=1.905, 95% CI: 1.235-2.939) and syphilis antibody positive (a OR=4.728, 95% CI: 3.751-5.961). Protective factors appeared: knowledge of HIV/AIDS (a OR=0.598, 95% CI: 0.433-0.825) and consistent use of condom during anal sex in the past six months (a OR=0.683, 95% CI: 0.550-0.850). Conclusions:The HIV antibody positive rate peaked in 2015 among MSM in Harbin from 2009 to 2018, first increased and then decreased. The positive rate of syphilis antibody showed a decreasing trend. Intervention models based on social media software, age 30 and above and syphilis antibody-positive need to be explored. It also promotes condom use and referral for syphilis among MSM.

OBJECTIVETo understand the distributions of DNA and neutralizing antibodies of human papillomavirus (HPV)16, 18 in 18-45 year-old women.

METHODSTotally, 1494 women were enrolled through multistage random sampling in Funing, Jiangsu province. Cervical exfoliated cells were collected from them for HPV DNA testing, and serum samples were taken from them for the detection of HPV16, 18 neutralizing antibodies by using pseudovirion-based neutralization assay(PBNA).

RESULTSAmong the 1494 women, 28(1.9%) and 188(12.6%) were positive for DNA and neutralizing antibody of HPV16 respectively, and 15(1.0%) and 60(4.0%) were positive for DNA and neutralizing antibody of HPV18, respectively. There were no significant differences in the detection rates of DNA and neutralizing antibody of HPV16, 18 among different age groups. About 16.7% of the women were infected with HPV16, 18, or both.

CONCLUSIONIn Funing county of Jiangsu province, most women aged 18-45 years has no immunity to HPV16 and 18, indicating that they are appropriate targets for HPV 16/18 vaccination.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; isolation & purification ; Antibodies, Viral ; isolation & purification ; China ; DNA, Viral ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; immunology ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; immunology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomavirus Infections ; prevention & control ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Young Adult