Objective To study the killing effect of hypocrellins B-photodynamic therapy (HB-PDT) for lung cancer cell line A549, to compare with that of hematoporphyrin derivative-photodynamic therapy (HpD -PDT), in order to define the superiority of HB-PDT in the therapy of lung cancer. Methods Lung cancer cell line A549 was used in the study. The cells were incubated in vitro with HB or HpD dissolved in DMEM in different concentrations, and then irradiated by copper vapor laser with mixed wavelength light under saturated light dose. Cell survival rate was respectively measured by MTT assay after 24 hours' incubation. According to cell survival curves after being cultured with different photosensitizers in different concentrations, the equation of each cell survival curve was plotted. Finally IC 50 (50% inhibition concentration) of each photosensitizer was derived. Results The results showed that HB-PDT had a strong killing effect on lung cancer cell. The IC 50 of HB was 33.82ng/ml for lung cancer cell, while the IC 50 of HpD was 1 316.88ng/ml, which was 38.94 fold of that of HB. Conclusions HB was a more effective photosensitizer than the photosensitizer HpD. HB-PDT had strong photodynamic killing effect on lung cancer cell line.

Objective To investigate the role of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in partial pathologic process of lung injury in rat models of fat embolism syndrome (FES).Methods A total of 120 healthy male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control group and FES group which was subgrouped at 4,6,12,24,and 48 hours with 20 mice per group,according to the random number table.Allogeneic perinephric fat was injected to rat caudal veins in FES groups.Lung samples were harvested from each group to examine pathological morphology and lung weight to dry ratio (W/D) to verify the FES models and observe the pathologic process.Expression of AQP4 was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry.Additional 36 C57BL/6J mice were divided into control group,DMSO group,FES 12-hour group,and AQP4 inhibitor group according to the random number table,with 9 mice per group.Pathologic process of FES-induced lung injury was detected after the inhibition of AQP4.Results Damage to lung tissues was notable in FES group compared with control group.Lung W/D value was 5.06 ± 1.23,5.22 ± 1.58,6.18 ± 1.65,and 5.07 ± 0.31 at 6,12,24,and 48 hours respectively,which was higher than 3.16 ± 1.58 in control group (F =3.62,P ＜ 0.05).Expression of AQP4 was 1.71 ± 1.05 at 12 hours and 1.28 ± 0.68 at 24 hours in FES group,which showed significantly increase when compared with 0.65 ±0.08 in control group (F =4.12,P ＜0.01),whereas at 4 hours (0.76 ± 0.36),6 hours (1.17 ± 0.60),and 48 hours (0.85 ±0.45) in FES group,no statistical difference was observed when compared to control group.W/D value in FES 12-hour group (5.22 ± 1.17),DMSO group (4.96 ±1.66),and AQP4 inhibitor group (3.25 ± 1.19) was higher than 3.03 ± 1.68 in control group (F =3.69,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,there was no statistical difference between DMSO and FES 12-hour groups,but significantly lowered W/D value was observed in AQP4 inhibitor group than in FES 12-hour group.Conclusion AQP4 may be implicated in mitigating lung injury induced by FES.

Objective To establish a canine model with acute thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension monitored by echocardiography. Methods Simulated the pathophysiologic process of acute thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension in human, the canine model was developed. The femoral vein puncture and the right heart catheterization to monitor pulmonary artery pressure were operated guided by echocardiography, while the autologous blood clot was injected to the contralateral femoral vein. The criteria of model was the pulmonary artery systolic pressure was higher than 30 mmHg. Results Echocardiography can accurately guide the placement of right heart catheterization and ancillarily observe the pressure testing of pulmonary artery. Of twenty seven healthy experiment dogs, twenty four models with acute thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension were successfully developed. The successful rate was 88.9 %. Conclusions This canine model with acute thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension guided by echocardiography is easy to operate and its repeatability is good.

Aged ; Coal Mining ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Tachycardia ; etiology

Objective: To study clinical characteristics and anatomical distributions of pulmonary embolism (PE) in suspicious PE patients and to explore if CT coronary angiography (CTCA) may simultaneously exclude PE. Methods: A total of 403 consecutive patients with suspicious PE admitted to cardiology department of our hospital from 2013-01 to 2014-10 were retrospectively studied. According to embolus distribution by CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and CTCA, the patients were divided into 2 groups: PE group,n=261 and Non-PE group,n=142. The clinical symptoms and imaging characteristics were analyzed and compared between 2 groups. Results: The overall prevalence of PE was 64.8% (261/403), suspicious PE patients were all with chest distress, palpitation, chest pain and syncope. Compared with Non-PE group, the patients in PE group were with more female gender and palpitation, while less chest pain,P<0.05; the symptoms of syncope and chest distress were similar between 2 group,P>0.05. In PE group, the sign of emboli were found in 245/261 patients (93.9%) at CTCA scanning area, the rest 16 patients (6.1%) had the small area of PE, and the emboli were only located at both upper pulmonary arteries. Conclusion: In patients with dififculty of breath, palpitation, chest pain and syncope, coronary artery disease (CAD) and PE should be simultaneously considered for accurate diagnosis. CTCA may meanwhile ifnd PE during CAD diagnosis.

Purpose The mean pulmonary artery (MPAP) has been widely used as an important parameter to diagnose and evaluate pulmonary hypertension (PH).The purpose of this paper is to compare the efficacy of two methods in evaluating PH,including estimating pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) using Doppler ultrasonography to measure tricuspid regurgitation (TR) velocity,and directly using the peak velocity of TR.Materiasl and Methods From January 2012 to June 2013,eighty patients with left-to-right shunt congenital heart diseases (CHD) planned for closure procedure in Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University and the General Hospital of Shenyang Military region were included in this prospective study,who underwent right heart catheterization to measure pulmonary artery pressure,and underwent Doppler ultrasonography to measure the peak velocity ofTR.Results Using catheter-measured MPAP of≥ 25 mmHg as diagnostic reference,the false positive rate was 62.96％,and the false negative rate 0％ when the estimated PASP of ＞30 mmHg determined by TR method was used to diagnose PH.There was high diagnostic agreement when peak velocity of TR was used to diagnose PH.When 320 cm/s and 340 crn/s were used as diagnostic cutoff values,false positive rates were 14.81％ and 7.41％,and false negative rates were 15.91％ and 20.45％,respectively.Conclusion In patients with left-to-right shunt CHD,peak velocity of TR measured on echocardiography can be used to diagnose PH which overcomes the high false positive rate in estimation method.It is more suitable to diagnose PH when the MPAP is used as the diagnostic criterion.

This dissertation is to determine the biopotency of hemostat which processed in different places by establishing a bioassay method of Bletillae Rhizoma based on the thrombin time. Contrast test is the main methodology. Specifically, the reference substance of Bletillae Rhizoma is determined by comparing with the control substance of vitamin K1 using thrombin time, which is calibrated the Bletillae Rhizoma. The hemostatic biopotency is calculated by using the method of "parallel line assay method based on quantitative responses" (3.3) from different processed products. It indicates that there is a strong linear correlation between Bletillae Rhizoma and control drugs (Y = 66.332-23.913X, R2 = 0.995 3). The hemostatic biopotency of Bletillae Rhizoma from different processed products ranged between 821.93-1 187.53 U x g(-1) shown in the paper, and all of them can meet the requirements of the test. The methodology has an appropriate instrument precision (RSD 3.8%), intermediate precision (RSD 4.6%), repeatability (RSD 3.2%) and stability (RSD 3.7%). Therefore, it can be turned out that the methodology which established in the dissertation is good at determinating the hemostatic biopotency of Bletillae Rhizoma and it is reliable, simple and repeatable.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; standards ; Hemostatics ; pharmacology ; standards ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Thrombin Time

BACKGROUNDPosterior pedicle screw device is widely used in treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures. As the clinical operation is not based upon quantitative data of adjustments, the results are not optimal. At present, no study has assessed the associations between the device adjustments and the restoration of stiffness. We investigated the biomechanical effects that adjustments of a pedicle screw device had on the burst fracture, and explored an optimal adjustment.

METHODSBurst fractures were produced at L1 vertebra in 24 fresh calf spines (T12-L3). The specimens were divided into four groups at random. Pedicle screw devices were attached to T13 and L2. Four device adjustments, consisting of distraction and extension, were applied. Adjustment 1 was pure 6° extension, adjustment 2 was pure 5 mm distraction, adjustment 3 was 6° extension followed by 5 mm distraction, and adjustment 4 was 5 mm distraction followed by 6° extension. The effect of each adjustment on the stiffness restoration, anatomical reduction, and neural decompression for the burst fractures was analyzed and evaluated.

RESULTSPure extension (Group 1) produced the closest segment height and the least restoration of the canal to the intact. Pure distraction (Group 2) restored stiffness most, but with only 60% stiffness of the intact value, and lost the segmental angle most to the intact. The combination of extension-distraction (Group 3 and Group 4) produced the maximum reduction of the anatomy and restoration of the canal in the burst fracture, and the least stiffness restoration. The sequence of extension and distraction did not affect stiffness restoration, anatomical reduction, and neural decompression.

CONCLUSIONSThe device adjustments affected stiffness restoration, anatomical reduction, and neural decompression. The combined extension-distraction adjustment may be the most suitable considering the anatomical reduction and neural decompression, but the stiffness decreased the most; it should be considered to reconstruct L1 vertebra.

Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cattle ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Spinal Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the expressions of discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) in different phases of alcoholic liver fibrosis (ALF) in a rat model and to study the possible association between DDR2 and collagen deposition in ALF.

METHODSAfter an ALF rat model was established by alcohol gastrogavage and an olive oil diet, the liver histopathology was observed in different phases of the development of fibrosis. The expressions of DDR2 mRNA and protein were also detected by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively to make a dependability analysis with the index of ALF.

RESULTS(1) The expressions of DDR2 mRNA and protein increased gradually along with ALF aggravation. In the normal control group, they were respectively 1.023+/-0.132 and 0.321+/-0.027; in the model 1 group (week 12) they were 3.644+/-1.686, 0.476+/-0.046; in the model 2 group (week 16) they were 8.337+/-2.387, 0.738+/-0.057; and in the model 3 group (week 20) they were 15.730+/-4.569, 0.997+/-0.049. The differences of DDR2 mRNA (F = 21.74, P less than 0.01) and protein (F = 10.38, P less than 0.01) among these four groups were significant. (2) The expressions of DDR2 had a positive correlation with collagen type I, III, IV contents and the serum index of ALF, especially with type III and IV collagen and serum hexadecenoic acid.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of DDR2 in this ALF model correlates closely with collagen deposition in the liver, suggesting that it may play an important role in ALF pathogenesis.

Animals ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Discoidin Domain Receptors ; Disease Models, Animal ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Receptors, Mitogen ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) on nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs).

METHODSMPMs were incubated in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with AOPP-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) prepared by exposure of BSA to hypoclorous acid or pre-treated with AOPP-BSA and subsequent stimulation with LPS. NO production in the supernatants of the culture media was determined spectrophotometrically using Griess method. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay.

RESULTSBSA induced significant NO production in MPMs. AOPP modification of BSA significantly inhibited NO production, and AOPP-BSA exhibited time- and dose-dependent inhibition of NO production induced by LPS in MPMs incubated together with LPS or pre-treated before LPS stimulation.

CONCLUSIONAOPP-BSA is capable of inhibiting inducible NO production in MPMs.

Animals ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; chemistry ; Lipopolysaccharides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide ; biosynthesis ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Time Factors