OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of electro-acupuncture to improve the bladder function after acute spinal cord injury in rats and its possible mechanism.

METHODSSixty healthy adult male SD rats of SPF grade, with body weight of 220 to 250 g, one week after feeding adaptation, were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, electro-acupuncture group, electro-acupuncture control group with 15 rats in each group. Sham operation group underwent no stimulation, and the moderate damage model of spinal cord injury were made in other three groups according to modified Allens method. The model group were not treated, electro-acupuncture group were treated with electro-acupuncture on Zhibianxue and Shuidaoxue, and electro-acupuncture control group were treated with electro-acupuncture on 0.5 inch next to Zhibianxue and Shuidaoxue. The frequency of 2/100 Hz, current of 1 mA, stimulation time of 15 min, once a day, left and right alternately stimulate every time, for a total of 7 times. The changes of residual urine volume and urine output in rats at the 1st and the 7th days after operation were observed. And 7 d later, the rats were sacrificed and the injured spinal cord were taken out to observe the apoptosis, and to detect the changes of Bcl-2, Bax, Bad content.

RESULTSAfter modeling,the rats of three groups showed different bladder dysfunction. In electro-acupuncture group and electro-acupuncture control group, the residual urine volume of the 7th day after operation was significant lower than the 1st day after operation (P < 0.001), and there was statistically significant difference on the 7th day after operation between two groups (P < 0.001). Compared with model group, the urine output of electro-acupuncture group and electro-acupuncture control group was significantly increased on the 7th day after operation, and there was sig- nificant difference between electro-acupuncture group and electro-acupuncture control group (P < 0.001). Electro-acupuncture can inhibit apoptosis of spinal cord neurons by TUNEL detection. Postoperative at 7 d, the rate of nerve cell apoptosis in electro -acupuncture group and electro-acupuncture control group was significant increased than model group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and there was significant difference between electro-acupuncture group and electro-acupuncture control group (P < 0.005). Compared with model group, the positive expression rate of Bax, Bad decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and Bcl-2 increased (P < 0.01) in electro-acupuncture group and electro-acupuncture control group,there was significant difference between electro-acupuncture group and electro-acupuncture control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONElectro-acupuncture can obviously promote the repair of acute spinal cord injury,its mechanism may be through increasing Bcl-2, inhibiting the expression of Bax, Bad, which inhibits the apoptosis of spinal cord neurons.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Electroacupuncture ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Male ; Neurons ; cytology ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urinary Bladder ; physiopathology

Objective To explore the distribution and characteristics on genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the relationship between Beijing genotype and drug-resistant phenotypes in Tianjin city. Methods 656 clinical strains were collected from Tianjin Center for Tuberculosis Control and ten other Tuberculosis Institute in Tianjin from January 2008 to June 2009.Information regarding administration, clinical as well as laboratory findings of patients were collected.Proportion method was adopted to detect the susceptibility on four anti-tuberculosis drugs, namely streptomycin (SM), isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP) and ehambutol (EMB). Both Beijing and non-Beijing genotypes were differentiated by multiplex PCR. The relationship between Beijing genotype and drug-resistant phenotypes was analyzed. Results In this study, the overall resistance rate of MTB was 26.98%, with multidrug-resistant rate was 6.25%. Among 656 MTB strains, 600isolates (91.46% ) belonged to Beijing genotype. There was significant difference between Beijing and non-Beijing genotype (x2=4.26, P=0.039) among the Tianjin household registered population.Concerning the drug resistance, there was no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion Beijing genotype strains were the predominant one in Tianjin. The proportion of people infected with the Beijing genotype strains in Tianjin household registration of patients was significantly higher than the proportion of patients in the floating population in the same region.Results from the statistical analysis did not reveal any statistically significant association between Beijing genotype and drug resistance.

In this study, octreotide targeting doxorubicin liposome(Dox@Oct-L)was prepared by modifying cholesterol with azide group to prepare azide-modified doxorubicin liposome(Dox@N3-L), followed by click reaction on the vehicle surface with alkyne-modified octreotide. HPLC chromatographic determination showed that octreotide was successfully attached to drug loaded liposome. No significant effect of click modification on the drug loaded within liposome was detected, and the entrapment efficiency of Dox@Oct-L was 99. 8%. Dox@Oct-L showed improved in vitro anti-tumor activity against HepG2 cell when compared with Dox@N3-L, demonstrating that Dox@Oct-L possessed targeting ability against HepG2 cell. Therefore, the click chemistry in modification of drug-loading carrier surface is gentle and efficient, providing the possibility to functional modification in drug-loading carrier surface convieniently.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of aconite-isolated moxibustion at Yongquan (KI 1) combined with rivaroxaban for lower extremity venous thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty and the influence on hypercoagulation. METHODS: Seventy-three patients of knee osteoarthritis with lower extremity venous thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty (KOA) were randomly divided into an observation group (37 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (36 cases, 1 case dropped off). The patients in the control group took orally rivaroxaban tablets, 10 mg a time, once a day. On the basis of the treatment as the control group, the aconite-isolated moxibustion was applied to Yongquan (KI 1) for the patients of the observation group, once daily and 3 moxa cones were used in each treatment. The duration of treatment was 14 days in both groups. Before treatment and 14 days into treatment, the ultrasonic B test was adopted to determine the conditions of lower extremity venous thrombosis in the two groups. Before treatment, 7 and 14 days into treatment, the coagulation indexes (platelet [PLT], prothrombin time [PT], activated partial prothrombin time [APTT], fibrinogen [Fib] and D-dimer[D-D]), the blood flow velocity of the deep femoral vein and the circumference of the affected side were compared between the two groups separately, and the clinical effect was evaluated. RESULTS: Fourteen days into treatment, the venous thrombosis of the lower extremity was relieved in both groups (P<0.05), and that of the observation group was better than the control group (P<0.05). Seven days into treatment, the blood flow velocity of the deep femoral vein was increased compared with that before treatment in the observation group (P<0.05), and the blood flow rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Fourteen days into treatment, PT, APTT and the blood flow velocity of the deep femoral vein were increased in the two groups compared with those before treatment (P<0.05); and PLT, Fib, D-D and the circumference of the limb (knee joint, 10 cm above the patella and 10 cm below the patella) were all reduced in the two groups (P<0.05). Compared with the control group 14 days into treatment, the blood flow velocity of the deep femoral vein was higher (P<0.05), PLT, Fib, D-D and the circumference of the limb (knee joint, 10 cm above the patella and 10 cm below the patella) were all lower in the observation group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 97.1% (34/35) in the observation group, higher than 85.7% (30/35) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Aconite-isolated moxibustion at Yongquan (KI 1) combined with rivaroxaban can effectively treat lower extremity venous thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty, relieve hypercoagulation, accelerate the blood flow velocity and alleviate swelling of the lower extremity in the patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Humans ; Rivaroxaban ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Moxibustion ; Aconitum ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/therapy* ; Venous Thrombosis/surgery* ; Lower Extremity

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder ; Humans ; Humeral Head ; Shoulder Fractures ; surgery ; Shoulder Joint

OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical results of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in treating old fracture of proximal humerus in elderly patients. METHODS: From January 2012 to December 2017, 12 elderly patients with old proximal humeral fractures were treated with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. There were 5 males and 7 females with an average age of 70.2 years old (ranged from 63 to 81 years old) and an average course of 12.3 months (ranged from 9 to 18 months). VAS score was used to evaluate the degree of pain relief of shoulder joint, Constant-Murley score was used to evaluate the improvement of shoulder joint function and observe the complications during and after operation. RESULTS: All the 12 patients were followed up with an average duration of 22.3 months (ranged from 15 to 56 months). At the latest follow-up, the VAS score was 1.9±1.4, and Constant-Murley score was 83.4±8.4. Among them, shoulder joint flexion was (92.5±7.7)°, abduction was (90.4±14.3)°, external rotation was(31.9±10.0)°, and internal rotation was(58.9±13.1)°. There was statistical significance before and after treatment(<0.05). There were 2 cases with glenoid notch. The imaging findings were grade I and grade II respectively. No loosening was found during follow-up. No infection, acromial fracture, prosthesis loosening, axillary nerve injury and other complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in treating old proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients can achieve satisfactory results, however, indications and complications should be noted.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder ; Female ; Humans ; Humerus ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Fractures ; surgery ; Shoulder Joint ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty as a revision procedure for the failed fixation of proximal humeral fractures in the elderly patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 8 patients with failed internal fixation of proximal humeral fractures from May 2014 to March 2020, including 3 males and 5 females, aged from 65 to 75 years old. All 8 patients underwent reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, and the mean time between initial fixation and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty ranged from 8 to 16 months. Range of motion(ROM), University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA) shoulder score, visual analogue scale (VAS), self-rating anxiety scale(SAS), and Constant-Murley score of shoulder function were assessed pre-operatively and at the last follow-up. Complications relating to the surgery were recorded. RESULTS: All 8 patients successfully followed up. The mean follow-up after reverse total shoulder arhroplasty ranged from 16 to 28 months. The range of motion (forward flexion, external rotation, abduction and internal rotation) of the affected shoulder was significantly improved after surgery, and the post-operative VAS, SAS and UCLA scores were also significantly improved. For the Constant-Murley score of shoulder joint function, the total scores and the subscores of pain, daily activities, range of motion and strength test at the last follow-up were all significantly improved. Scapular glenoid notch was observed in patient, which was evaluated as grade 1 on imaging. All the other patients did not develop specific or non-specific complications. CONCLUSION Reverse total shoulder arhroplasty is an appropriate treatment as a revision surgery for failed fixation of proximal humeral fractures. It has shown satisfactory clinical outcomes, accelerating the rehabilitation of shoulder function and improving the quality of life.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Aged ; Shoulder/surgery* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Quality of Life ; Shoulder Joint/surgery* ; Shoulder Fractures/surgery* ; Humerus/surgery* ; Range of Motion, Articular