Objective To compare the hypnotic effects of propofol administered by target-controlled infusion (TCI in daytime and nighttime,in order to explore the effect of circadian rhythm on the sedative effect of propofol.Methods Sixty-five male ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-55 years,with the body mass index (BMI) of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2,undergoing emergency minor hand surgery were divided into two groups according to the time of the day when they received TCI of propofol:daytime group (from 07:01 to 19:00) and nighttime group (from 19:01 to 07:00).The pharmacokinetic parameters proposed by Schnider et al.which suggested the effect-site concentration (Ce) was used.Four Ces of propofol were set at 0.8,1.2,2.0 and 4.0 μg/ml,respectively.Ce was increased step by step and each Ce was maintained for 5 minutes.The level of sedation at each Ce was assessed by bispectral index (BIS) and observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) scores.BIS values and Ces of propofol were recorded and compared between the two groups when the patients lost consciousness (OAA/S score =2).Results There were 28 and 30 patients in daytime and nighttime groups,respectively.When Ces were 1.2 and 2.0 μg/ml,the BIS values were significantly lower in the nighttime group than in the daytime group.There was no significant difference in BIS values between the two groups when Ces were 0.8 and 4.0 μg/ml.When the patients lost consciousness (OAA/S =2),the BIS value was comparable between the two groups,but Ce was significantly lower in the nighttime group than in the daytime group.Conclusion The hypnotic effect of propofol is greater during night time than during day time.

Objective To compare the hypnotic effect of propofol administered by target-controlled infusion (TCI) during day-time and night-time,in order to explore the effect of circadian rhythms on the sedative effect of propofol.Methods Sixty-five male ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-55 yr undergoing emergency minor hand surgery were divided into 2 gorups according to the time of the day when they received propofol TCI:day-time group (from 7:01 to 19:00) and night-time group (from 19:01 to 7:00).The pharmacokinetic parameters proposed by Schnider which predict effect-site concentration (Ce) were used.Four effect-site concentrations of propofol were set:0.8,1.2,2.0 and 4.0 μg/ml.Ce was increased step by step and each Ce was maintained for 5 min.The level of sedation at each Ce was assessed by BIS and OAA/S scores.BIS value and Ce of propofol were recorded and compared between the 2 groups when the patients lost consciousness (OAA/S score =2).Results There was 28 and 30 patients in day-time and nighet-time groups respectively.When Ce =1.2 and 2.0 μg/ml,the BIS values were significantly lower in night-time group than in day-time group.There was no significant difference in BIS value between the 2 groups when Ce =0.8 and 4.0 μg/ml.When the patients lost consciousness (OAA/S =2),the BIS value was comparable between the 2 groups,but Ce was significantly lower in night-time group than that in daytime group.Conclusion The hypnotic effect of propofol is greater during night-time than during day-time.

AIM:To explore a novel method to isolate human nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells (hNP-MSCs) in vitro and to identify their biological characteristics.METHODS:The explant culture method was employed to isolate hNP-MSCs from nucleus pulposus tissue obtained by percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD).The isolated cells were passaged for purification and cultured in vitro followed by morphological observation.The cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8 assay.Growth curves of the cells were drawn and surface antigens were detected by flow cytometry.The cells at the 3rd~6th passages were induced for adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, and examined by oil red O staining, alizarin red staining and Alcian blue staining.RESULTS:The cells with self-renewal were obtained from nucleus pulposus tissue obtained by PELD.The results of flow cytometry analysis revealed that the cells were positive for CD29, CD44, CD90, CD73 and CD105, but negative for CD34 and CD45.The proliferative capacity was consistent with the growth characteristics of MSCs and multilineage differentiation potential was identified.CONCLUSION:A novel method to efficiently isolate and culture hNP-MSCs,PELD combined with explant culture method,was established, which would promote the study of regenerative medicine based on hNP-MSCs.

OBJECTIVETo explore the distribution of deep inferior epigastric perforator vessel and application of the expanded perforator flap for large scar on hand and forearm.

METHODS20 healthy adults were selected to detect the distribution of deep inferior epigastric perforator vessel. 10 cases with cicatricial constriction on hand and forearm were treated with expanded perforator flap.

RESULTS425 perforator points were detected on the skin surface of abdomen in 20 adults. 80% of the points are located within the area which is 1.1 -5.8 cm far from the mid-line of abdomen. According to the Rand method, the percentage of the points in zone I , II , III were 26%, 43%, and 30%, respectively. There were few points in zone IV. The area around navel had a high density of points. The points were distributed asymmetrically at the two sides of abdomen. 10 cases were treated. Vascular deficiency happened at the distal end of one flap. All the other 9 flaps survived.

CONCLUSIONSThe expanded deep inferior epigastric perforator flap is thin and has a large size. It is very suitable for large scar on forearm or hand.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; complications ; Contracture ; etiology ; surgery ; Epigastric Arteries ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Tissue Expansion ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo screen the polypeptides specifically binding to human large intestinal cancer LoVo cells from a phage-displayed peptide library for potential use as targeting vectors for large intestinal cancer therapy.

METHODSWith the LoVo cells as the target cells and human normal large intestinal mucosal epithelial cells as the absorber cells for subtraction biopanning from a c7c phage-display peptide library, the positive phage clones were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence detection. The amino acid sequences of the identified peptides were deduced by DNA sequencing.

RESULTSAfter 3 rounds of screening, 5 positive phage clones showing specific binding to LoVo cells and containing conserved motif RPMP were obtained from the 20 randomly selected clones.

CONCLUSIONSpecific peptide against large intestinal cancer cells can be obtained from a phage-display peptide library for use as potential vectors for targeting therapy of large intestinal cancer.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Binding, Competitive ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Library ; Peptides ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Protein Binding

OBJECTIVETo study the impact of abdominal obesity on the production of male reproductive endocrine hormones.

METHODSThis study included 342 male patients at the andrology clinic, aged 19 -47 years and higher than 160 cm. We measured their waistlines, hiplines and waist-hip ratio, detected the levels of serum estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and free testosterone (FT) by chemiluminescence and radioimmunoassay, and analyzed the correlation of the waist-hip ratio with the levels of reproductive endocrine hormones. Abdominal obesity was defined as the waist-hip ratio > 0.9.

RESULTSIn the 342 male patients, there were 62 cases of abdominal obesity and 280 cases of the normal somatotype (waist-hip ratio < or = 0.9). The waist-hip ratio was negatively correlated with the T level (r = -0.163, P = 0.003) and the T/LH ratio (r = -0.13, P = 0.02). Both the T level and T/LH ratio were significantly reduced in the abdominal obesity patients ([14.51 +/- 4.53] nmol/L and 2.26 +/- 0.36) as compared with the normal somatotype controls ([17.21 +/- 4.23] nmol/L and 4.61 +/- 0.19) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe waist-hip ratio has a significant negative correlation with the T level and T/LH ratio, and the serum T level is significantly lower in men with abdominal obesity than in those of the normal somatotype.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Estradiol ; blood ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity, Abdominal ; blood ; Somatotypes ; Testosterone ; blood ; Waist-Hip Ratio ; Young Adult

To study the CTL antigen epitopes and drug resistance mutations of HIV-1 gag and pol genes through analyzing gag and pol gene sequences. The HIV-1 gag and pol gene fragments were amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction. A total of 23 PCR sequences, 449 cloned gag sequences and 402 cloned pol sequences were obtained. Sequence analyses showed the 23 samples were subtype B or B'. A total of 4 in 8 CTL antigen epitopes appeared 8 mutations in consensus sequence of subtype B and B'. There were no mutations found in the PCR sequences, whereas a few mutations were found in clone sequences (9.80%) in 5 antigen epitopes in p24 region. Eighteen PIs-related mutations and 24 RTIs-related mutations were found in PCR sequences and clone sequences in pol gene region, in which 17 (94.44%) PIs-related mutations and 15 (62.50%) RTIs-related mutations were found only in the clone sequences, respectively. The results showed that the prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance strains in this study was at a higher level (17.39%), suggesting that some samples were resistant.to existing antiviral drugs.
Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; genetics ; Epitopes ; immunology ; HIV-1 ; classification ; drug effects ; genetics ; immunology ; Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; genetics ; pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; genetics

BACKGROUNDThe autosomal dominant form of retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP) can be caused by mutations in 14 genes and further loci remains to be identified. This study was intended to identify mutations in a Chinese pedigree with ADRP.

METHODSA large Chinese family with retinitis pigmentosa was collected. The genetic analysis of the family suggested an autosomal dominant pattern. Microsatellite (STR) markers tightly linked to genes known to be responsible for ADRP were selected for linkage analysis. Exons along with adjacent splice junctions of PRPF31 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and screened by direct sequencing.

RESULTSThe caused gene of ADRP was mapped to 19q13.4 between markers D19S572 and D19S877, with a maximum LOD score of 3.01 at marker D19S418 (recombination fraction = 0).

CONCLUSIONThe affected gene linked to the 19q13.4 in a Chinese family with ADRP, which is different from other mutations at the same loci in other Chinese families.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; genetics ; Eye Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Retinitis Pigmentosa ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To study the value of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) in assessing the severity of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) in children. METHODS: A prospective analysis was performed on 59 children who were diagnosed with BO from June 2009 to October 2014. ELISA was used to measure the concentrations of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA and proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA in serum. According to the results of ELISA, the children were divided into three groups: double-negative ANCA (n=22), single-positive ANCA (n=17), and double-positive ANCA (n=20). The three groups were compared in terms of the scores of BO risk factors, clinical symptoms, chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and lung pathology on admission, as well as the changes in the expression level of ANCA and the scores of clinical symptoms and chest HRCT over time. RESULTS: Compared with the double-negative ANCA group, the double-positive ANCA group had a significantly higher score of BO risk factors (P<0.05), and the single-positive ANCA group and the double-positive ANCA group had significantly higher scores of clinical symptoms, chest HRCT, and lung pathology (P<0.05). The children were followed up for 6 months after discharge, and there were significant reductions in MPO-ANCA and PR3-ANCA titers from admission and discharge to the end of follow-up (P<0.05), as well as a significant reduction in the score of clinical symptoms from admission to the end of follow-up (P<0.05), while there was no significant change in the score of chest HRCT from admission to the end of follow-up (P>0.05). The single-positive ANCA and double-positive ANCA groups still had a significantly higher score of clinical symptoms than the double-negative ANCA group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression level of ANCA is correlated with the severity of BO in children and thus has certain clinical significance in disease evaluation.
Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; Child ; Humans ; Myeloblastin ; Peroxidase ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical characteristics, image findings, laboratory examination, the therapeutic methods and clinical outcomes of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) in pediatric patients.

METHODTwenty-six pediatric patients with BO were reported. All data were collected from cases who were hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College from June 1(st), 2009 to the April 30(th), 2011, and infectious agents, clinical manifestations, risk factors, changes in imageology, laboratory examination, therapeutic methods and treatment responses were analyzed.

RESULTThe ranges of age at onset was 4.5 months-8 years in 26 cases (18 boys and 8 girls). The course of disease was (6.2 ± 3.5) months. The period of followed-up ranged from 2 to 24 months. The common clinical characteristics were persistent wheezing of different severity (26 cases, 100%), cough (24 cases, 92%), intolerance to exercise (22 cases, 85%), short of breath (21 cases, 81%), retraction (20 cases, 77%), wheezy phlegm (16 cases, 62%), keeping with crackles (10 cases, 38%), cyanosis around the mouth (3 cases, 12%) and no clubbed fingers (toes). In 18 cases the etiology was detected, mycoplasma (11 cases, 42%), respiratory syncytial virus (4 cases, 15%), parainfluenza virus (2 cases, 8%), influenza virus A (2 cases, 8%) and influenza virus B (2 cases, 8%), human bocavirus (HBoV) (1 case, 4%). There were 8 cases (31%) with combined infection. Chest X-ray in 10 cases indicated changes suggestive of bronchopneumonia (38%), in only 1 case there was an image of interstitial pneumonia disease (4%). All the patients were diagnosed by high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT). All cases were demonstrated to have air retention, poor blood perfusion in lung, just like "Westemark sign" with HRCT. In 19 cases antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) was determined and 10 patients (53%) were positive for P-ANCA, and 8 cases (42%) were positive for C-ANCA. All patients received oral corticosteroid and low doses azithromycin. In 13 cases (50%) the treatment effectively reduced the severity of disease and the frequency of cough and wheezing. The average number of days for symptom improvement was (7.1 ± 4.8) days.

CONCLUSIONRespiratory infection plays an important role in BO in children. The chronic and persistent wheezing, cough, intolerance to exercises, short breath, retraction were the main clinical manifestations. But these symptoms are non-specific. Chest X-ray can not provide enough information for diagnosis. Classical "Westemark sign" with HRCT is an important sign. ANCA with a high positive rate (approximately 50%) suppose immuno-lesion in BO. Oral corticosteroid and methotrexate may relieve clinical symptoms.

Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome