Perimenopausal syndrome （MPS）， a common endocrine system disease， is one of the diseases responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The China Association of Chinese Medicine organized experts in endocrinology， gynecology， and interdisciplinary fields of both Western and Chinese medicine to discuss the advantages and challenges of diagnosing and treating MPS with Western medicine， TCM， and integrative medicine. Experts at the conference believe that MPS is initiated by estrogen decline and rooted in deficiency， with the pathogenesis being imbalance between Yin and Yang in the kidney. The hormone replacement therapy in Western medicine for menopause can rapidly alleviate related symptoms by quickly restoring the estrogen level and timely detect and delay complications of menopause， whereas such a therapy has certain risks， necessitating close monitoring of adverse reactions. Moreover， the various contraindications and precautions limit the clinical application of the hormone replacement therapy. TCM has advantages in synergistically alleviating symptoms such as hot flashes， sweating， sleep disorders， and emotional abnormalities of MPS without causing obvious adverse reactions. However， its efficacy is slower than the hormone replacement therapy， and the TCM evidence for preventing and treating complications of menopause remains unclear. Three suggestions were proposed for the future development of both Western and TCM for ameliorating MPS. First， an integrated diagnosis and treatment system for MPS with both Western and Chinese medicine should be established. Second， high-quality evidence-based interventions for MPS should be developed with TCM alone or in combination with Western medicine. Third， efforts should be made to promote the new TCM drug development and the interdisciplinary cooperation for treating MPS.

Hypertension and osteoporosis(OP)are common diseases in middle-aged and elderly people,and the number of patients with both diseases has gradually increased in recent years.Because the onset of the disease is hidden,it is easy to cause fractures and serious complications of heart,brain and kidney in the later stage,which not only seriously damages the quality of life of patients,but also increases the difficulty of clinical treatment.Therefore,it is particularly necessary to strengthen the research on this disease.More and more studies have found that the disorder of intestinal flora will lead to the occurrence of OP,while the intestinal flora of patients with hypertension is obviously out of balance.Therefore,this paper thinks that intestinal flora may be the key influencing factor of hypertension complicated with OP,and the imbalance of intestinal flora will lead to the imbalance of short-chain fatty acid metabolism,immune inflammatory reaction and increased sympathetic nerve activity,thus causing the imbalance of bone homeostasis and promoting the occurrence of OP.Therefore,it is suggested that regulating intestinal flora may be a new way to intervene hypertension complicated with OP.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between the height of alveolar bone resorption and sex and age in the adolescent dentition. METHODS: Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) was used to measure the height of alveolar bone resorption at labial, lingual, mesial and distal sites of teeth in 149 adolescents aged from 10 to 20 years. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the relationship between the height of alveolar bone resorption and sex and age. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the height of alveolar bone resorption between sex (P>0.05). The height of alveolar bone resorption was positively correlated with age in all types of teeth. The model constructed by combining the alveolar bone resorption height data of four sites (y=2.569x₁+3.106x₂+4.108x₃+1.451x₄-0.082, R²_max=0.756)had a better ability to infer age than that of combining two sites (y=5.942x₁+4.489x₂+0.612, R²_max=0.706) and a single site (R²_max=0.638). CONCLUSIONS The height of alveolar bone resorption is positively correlated with the age of adolescents. The combination of four sites has a stronger ability to infer the relationship between the height of alveolar bone resorption and age in adolescents and has higher accuracy in practical application.
Humans ; Adolescent ; Child ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Alveolar Process/diagnostic imaging* ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Bone Resorption/diagnostic imaging* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease.Previous studies have shown that children are vulnerable to monkeypox and are also at high risk for severe disease or complications.In order to improve pediatricians′ understanding of monkeypox and achieve early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment and early disposal, the committee composed of more than 40 experts in the related fields of infectious diseases, pediatrics, infection control and public health formulate this expert consensus, on the basis of the latest clinical management and infection prevention and control for monkeypox released by the World Health Organization (WHO), the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of monkeypox (version 2022) issued by National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China and other relevant documents.During the development of this consensus, multidisciplinary experts have repeatedly demonstrated the etiology, epidemiology, transmission, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment, discharge criteria, prevention, case management process and key points of prevention and control about monkeypox.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) refers to non-coding RNA longer than 200 nt, with one or more short open reading frames (sORF), which encode functional micro-peptides. These functional micro-peptides often play key roles in various biological processes, such as Ca²⁺ transport, mitochondrial metabolism, myocyte fusion, cellular senescence and others. At the same time, these biological processes play a key role in the regulation of body homeostasis, diseases and cancers development and progression, embryonic development and other important physiological processes. Therefore, studying the potential regulatory mechanisms of micro-peptides encoded by lncRNA in organisms will help to further elucidate the potential regulatory processes in organisms. Furthermore, it will provide a new theoretical basis for the subsequent targeted treatment of diseases and improvement of animal growth performance. This review summarizes the latest research progress in the field of lncRNA-encoded micro-peptides, as well as the progress in the fields of muscle physiological regulation, inflammation and immunity, common human cancers, and embryonic development. Finally, the challenges of lncRNA-encoded micro-peptides are briefly described, with the aim to facilitate subsequent in-depth research on micro-peptides.
Animals ; Humans ; Neoplasms/therapy* ; Open Reading Frames ; Peptides/chemistry* ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To analyze relation of ASXL2 gene mutation with the clinical characteristics, prognosis and C-KIT gene mutation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with AML1-ETO fusion gene. METHODS: The clinical data of 63 primary AML patients with AML1-ETO fusion gene were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The mutation of ASXL2 gene was directly sequenced by PCR. The clinical characteristics, C-KIT mutation rate and prognosis were compared between the patients with ASXL2 gene mutation (group A) and non-mutation (group B). RESULTS: Among 63 patients, 8 (12.70%) cases of ASXL2 mutation gene was detected. Hemoglobin level in peripheral blood of patients in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (P＜0.01). There was no significant difference in sex, ages proportion of bone marrow blasts, lymph node enlargement, peripheral blood leukocytes count and platelets between the two groups (P＞0.05). The infiltration of central nervous system, liver and spleen was not found in both groups. The expression of CD33 in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (P＜0.05), but the results of other immunophenotype analysis were not significantly different between the two groups (P＞0.05). The remission rate and median survival time were not significantly different between two groups (P＞0.05). The detection rate of C-KIT gene mutation were not significantly different between group A and group B (P＞0.05). CONCLUSION Among AML patients with AML1-ETO fusion gene, ASXL2 gene mutation accounts for a certain ratio, and the peripheral blood hemoglobin concentration and CD33 expression in these patients are often low. At the same time, ASXL2 gene mutation may not be closely related with C-KIT gene mutation.

Objective: To reveal the related factors of inhibitors and differences ofhemorrhage and joint disease before and after the production of inhibitors in children with hemophilia A (HA) . Methods: Retrospective analyses of the clinical data of 381 children with HA under the age of 16 registered in the Registration Management Center of Hemophilia in Henan Provincial from January 2015 to August 2018. Results: A total of the 381 children were enrolled with 116 (30.4%) mild, 196 (51.4%) moderate, and 69 (18.1%) severe cases; 54 patients (14.2%) had inhibitors, including 22 high and 32 low titer inhibitors. Positive family history was positively associated with inhibitors[P<0.001, OR=3.299 (95%CI 1.743-5.983) ], and high-intensity exposure was associated with inhibitors[P=0.002, OR=2.587 (95%CI 1.414-4.731) ]. High-intensity exposure was associated with high titer inhibitor production[P=0.001, OR=8.689 (95%CI 2.464-30.638) ], and high-intensity exposure increased the risk of high titer inhibitors in HA patients. After inhibitors occurred in 54 patients with HA, the rates of overall joint annual bleeding (z=-3.440, P=0.001) and traumatic annual bleeding (z=-2.232, P=0.026) increased, but the rates of the annual joint bleeding (z=-1.342, P=0.180) and spontaneous annual bleeding (z=-1.414, P=0.157) remained to be not statistically significant. The joint ultrasound score did not change significantly after the inhibitor information (z=-0.632, P=0.527) . Conclusions: Positive family history and high-intensity exposure could increase the risk of F Ⅷ inhibitors in HA patients, and high-intensity exposure increased the risk of high titer inhibitors. The rates of the overall joint annual bleeding and traumatic annual bleeding increased after the inhibitor information.
Child ; Factor VIII/therapeutic use* ; Hemarthrosis ; Hemophilia A/drug therapy* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of exosomal miR-1231 in plasma of pancreatic cancer (PC) patients and pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: A total of 16 patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in Hunan Cancer Hospital were collected from April 2016 to August 2017. Meanwhile, 16 healthy volunteers were recruited as the healthy control group at the same period. The plasma exosomes were extracted, and the levels of miR-1231 were detected by qRT-PCR in PC and healthy control groups. Moreover, the clinicopathological significance of exosomal miR-1231 expression was analyzed. Furthermore, the expression of exosomal miR-1231 was detected in several pancreatic cancer cells (MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, SW1990, AsPC-1 and BxPc-3) and two normal pancreatic epithelial cells (HPDE and human primary pancreatic epithelial cell). Results: qRT-PCR results showed that the expression level of miR-1231 in plasma exosomes of pancreatic cancer patients (1.06±0.46) was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (2.30±0.99; P<0.05). The levels of exosomal miR-1231 in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ (1.515±0.531), no distant metastasis (1.236±0.461) and no lymph node metastasis (1.337±0.522) were significantly higher than those with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (0.848±0.224), distant metastasis (0.757±0.278) and lymph node metastasis (0.838±0.261), respectively (P<0.05 for all). In addition, there were no correlation between exosomal miR-1231 expression and age, sex, smoking history, CA19-9 levels and tumor sites (P>0.05). Furthermore, the expression level of exosomal miR-1231 in pancreatic cancer cell lines (0.142±0.135) was significantly lower than that in normal epithelial cells (1.127±0.179; P<0.05). Conclusions The downregulation of exosomal miR-1231 in plasma of pancreatic cancer patients and pancreatic cancer cells suggests that it is related to the initiation and development of PC. It may be a new diagnostic and prognostic marker for PC.

Objective: To investigate the current status and real performance of the detection of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion transcript levels and WT1 transcript levels in China through interlaboratory comparison. Methods: Peking University People's Hospital (PKUPH) prepared the samples for comparison. That is, the fresh RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive (+) bone morrow nucleated cells were serially diluted with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 negative (-) nucleated cells from different patients. Totally 23 sets with 14 different samples per set were prepared. TRIzol reagent was added in each tube and thoroughly mixed with cells for homogenization. Each laboratory simultaneously tested RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels of one set of samples by real-time quantitative PCR method. All transcript levels were reported as the percentage of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or WT1 transcript copies/ABL copies. Spearman correlation coefficient between the reported transcript levels of each participated laboratory and those of PKUPH was calculated. Results: ①RUNX1-RUNX1T1 comparison: 9 samples were (+) and 5 were (-) , the false negative and positive rates of the 20 participated laboratories were 0 (0/180) and 5% (5/100) , respectively. The reported transcript levels of all 9 positive samples were different among laboratories. The median reported transcript levels of 9 positive samples were from 0.060% to 176.7%, which covered 3.5-log. The ratios of each sample's highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.5 to 12.3 (one result which obviously deviated from other laboratories' results was not included) , 85% (17/20) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ②WT1 comparison: The median reported transcript levels of all 14 samples were from 0.17% to 67.6%, which covered 2.6-log. The ratios of each sample's highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.3-13.7, 62% (13/21) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ③ The relative relationship of the reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 transcript levels between the participants and PKUPH was not always consistent with that of WT1 transcript levels. Both RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels from 2 and 7 laboratories were individually lower than and higher than those of PKUPH, whereas for the rest 11 laboratories, one transcript level was higher than and the other was lower than that of PKUPH. Conclusion: The reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels were different among laboratories for the same sample. Most of the participated laboratories reported highly consistent result with that of PKUPH. The relationship between laboratories of the different transcript levels may not be the same.
China ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription, Genetic ; WT1 Proteins

OBJECTIVES: To estimate lung volume in normal population by a combination of multi-slice spiral CT and Pulmo software. METHODS: Scans of the lung were performed on 45 normal individuals using Emotion 16-slice spiral CT and Pulmo software. A measurement instrument of work station was used to measure the vertical diameter of left and right lungs, the maximum anteroposterior and transverse diameters at the layers of apex pulmonis 1 cm below, arcus aortae, subcarinal and diaphragmatic dome, and the lung volume. Regression analysis was performed on normal lung volume and each measured parameter by SPSS 20.0 and an optimal model was selected. RESULTS: The goodness of fit between the best curvilinear equations of the normal bilateral lung volumes was 0.981. The goodness of fit between the curvilinear equations of the normal bilateral lung volume and the product of the vertical diameter and the maximum transverse diameter of diaphragmatic dome were 0.977 and 0.972, respectively. Fifteen cases were selected to make a retrospective test on the 3 models. No significant difference was found between the estimated and measured with Pulmo software lung volumes. CONCLUSIONS The normal lung volume before injury can be estimated by the curvilinear equations established in this study. The percentage of lung compression can be measured based on the volume of compressed lung, which can provide a reference for the identification of lung compression degree.
Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; Software ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed