Objective According to the Domain Specific Theory (DST) in risk-taking, this study intended to construct adolescent risk-taking behavior questionnaire and risk perception questionnaire inferred many domains for studying the adolescent risk-taking behavior and risk perception. Methods With 422 middle school students in Yinchuan as subjects to develop the questionnaire. 2402 middle school students in Ningxia and Anhui were surveyed using the questionnaire. Results Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) indicated that both of the questionnaires contain four domains named society, recreation, safe and moral, and 33 items, which could explain 41.25% and 45.5% of the total variance respectively. The split-half reliability were 0.848, 0.890 and the coefficient of internal consistency were 0.900 and 0.938. The fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were as follows: x2/df=8.36 and 6.73, RMSEA=0.066 and 0.054, NFI=0.97 and 0.97, CFI=0.97 and 0.97 separately. Gender difference in adolescent risk-taking behavior and risk perception were noticed, with F(1, 2288) =56.256, P<0.001 ,F(1, 2288) =10.766, P=0.05. The adolescent risk-taking behaviors increased with age, F(2, 2288) =140.067, P<0.001, while the risk perception decreased with age, F{2,2288) =54.900,P<0.001. Adolescent on the highest score was in the social risk, followed by recreation, morality and safety. Conclusion Our results showed the newly developed scales were reliable and valid enough to be applicable to measure the adolescent risk-taking behavior and risk perception.

ObjectiveTo analyze the internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) intervent medical university students' social anxiety,and provide experiences and theoretical basis for future social anxiety interventions.Methods45 medical students of social anxiety were voluntarily divided into the one-to-one intervention group,one-to-five intervention group and control group.The control group did not intervene,one-to-one intervention group and one-to-five intervention group were interfered single person or team by cognitive behavioral therapy,respectively.The level and symptom of social anxiety of the 3 groups were assessed before and after the intervention by social phobia inventory(SPIN) and Social anxiety symptoms interview inventory.ResultsAfter the intervention,the scores of SPIN and the 3 subscales within it (fear,avoidance and physiological) of one-to-one ICBT group and one-to-five ICBT group were lower than those of the control group (SPIN scores:one-to-one ICBT group 15.60 ±7.87,one-to-five ICBT group 14.87 ± 8.83,control group 20.20 ± 11.46).Variance analysis showed that,in addition to physiological subscale(F =0.641,P ＞ 0.05 ),the scores of SPIN,fear and avoidance subscales had significant differences among the3 groups (F=3.764,P=0.018; F=3.606,P=0.021 ; F=5.444,P=0.005).In the analysis of participants'social anxiety symptoms,after treatment,in one-to-one ICBT group,there was 1 participant changed into subthreshold social anxiety and 1 participant into normal in the 2 threshold social anxiety participants.All the 3 subthreshold social anxiety participants changed into normal.In one-to-five ICBT group,there was 1 threshold social anxiety participant lapsed to subthreshold social anxiety,1 subthreshold social anxiety participants still remained in subthreshold social anxiety,2 symptomatic social anxiety participants changed into normal.But there were no significant changes in control group.ConclusionsAll the two methods of intervention have a certain effect.The effect of one-to-one intervention therapy is most significant.

On the basis of studying the necessity of cultivating the medical students' occupation personality, we should have a further research on the content of their occupation personality. And it's useful for the medical college to renew the concept,strengthen the revolution, pay highly attention to the education of the medical students' occupation personality and promote the development of the medical students'occupation personality.

Image reconstruction is a superior function of multi -slice spiral CT. In this paper, the techniques of image reconstruction for spiral CT are introduced systemically. Combined with experience in actual work, the significance of its clinical application is discussed.

Objective To investigate the expression of calcium-binding protein S100A4 in pancreatic carcinoma and its clinical significannce.Methods Immunohistochemistry EliVisionTM Plus method was used to examine the expression of S100A4 in 70 surgical specimens of primary pancreatic carcinoma and 15 patients with noncarcinoma pancreatic tissues.The correlation between the expression of S100A4 and the clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Results S100A4 was positive in 52(52/70,74.3％) specimens of primary pancreatic carcinoma according to immunohistochemistry detection.No expression of S100A4 in adjacent noncarcinoma pancreatic tissues was detected.The expression of S100A4 did not correlated with gender,age or tumor site while it was significantly correlated with tumor size,grade of differentiation,TNM stages,lymph node metastasis and survival.Disease-free survival and overall survival of the negative group were significantly longer than the positive group.The difference had statistical significance.Conclusion The study shows that over expression of S100A4 protein is closely related with clinicopathological parameters of pancreatic cancer patients,indicating poor prognosis for pancreatic cancer patients.

Objective To examine the expression of urocortin mRNA during labor and the effect of uroco rtin on myometrial contractility, and to investigate its role in the onset and p rogress of labor. Methods (1) Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT -PCR),using ?-actin as internal standard was applied to determine the levels of urocortin mRNA in human placenta and myometrium from the group of cesarean se ction before (10 cases) and during (10 cases in latent phase and 10 cases in act ive phase) labor.(2) The isolated myometrial strips of pregnant women (n=24 ) were prepared.The effects of urocortin with or without prostaglandin F 2? (PGF 2?) and oxytocin on myometrial contractility were evaluated by area s under the curve. Results (1) Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression level of urocortin mRN A in placenta and myometrium after the onset of labor were higher than before la bor (1.23 ?0.52, 1.32?0.22; 0.83?0.38, 0.94?0.13, respectively, P0.05). Conclusion The study indicates urocortin may indirectly m odulate myometrial contractility during labor.

Background and purpose: Thyroid carcinoma cells spread mainly through lymph node metastasis, and lymphangiogenesis plays an important role during the lymph node metastasis, but it is not very clear to understand the formation mechanism. This study was to investigate the correlative expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C, D2-40 and lymphangiogenesis in thyroid carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 in 77 patients with thyroid carcinoma including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC),medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), 32 of them with lymph node metastasis was enrolled into the study, D2-40 stained the lymphatic vessels, and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) was scanned under the light-microscope, and the correlation among the above indexes in different thyroid carcinoma types were analyzed respectively. Results: The expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 were observed to have a different degree in thyroid carcinoma, and the highest expression of the protein could be seen in the patients with papillary carcinoma (P<0.05),The expression ratios of HPSE,VEGF-C and D2-40 in different carcinoma types were 54.9%, 68.6%, 12.8±5.7 for PTC, 37.5%, 50%, 8.6±1.7 for FTC, 20% and 20%, 4.9±0.8 for MTC, respectively. There were significant different expressions of HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 between the patients with lymph node-positive group and node-negative group (P=0.014, P=0.048, respectively). In addition, the expressions of them were positively correlated (P<0.001, r=0.616). Conclusion: HPSE, VEGF-C and D2-40 have a close relationship with lymph node metastasis, HPSE and VEGF-C are related to the lymphangiogenesis.

To investigate the protective effect of curcumin on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rats, and explore the underlying mechanisms, 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups: sham-vehicle (S), sham-curcumin (C), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-vehicle (L), and curcumin-lipopolysaccharide (C-L) groups. The wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio of the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid protein content were used as measures of lung injury. Neutrophil recruitment and activation were evaluated by BAL fluid cellularity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in cell-free BAL and lung tissue. The levels of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-I (CINC-1) in lung tissues were measured by ELISA. The histopathological changes of lung tissues were observed by using the HE staining. Our results showed that lung injury parameters, including the wet/dry weight ratio and protein content in BALF, were significantly higher in the L group than in the S group (P<0.01). In the L group, higher numbers of neutrophils and greater MPO activity in cell-free BAL and lung homogenates were observed when compared with the S group (P<0.01). There was a marked increase in CINC-1 levels in lung tissues in response to LPS challenge (P<0.01, L group vs S group). Curcumin pretreatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced changes in these indices. LPS caused extensive morphological lung damage, which was also lessened after curcumin pretreatment. All the above-mentioned parameters in the C group were not significantly different from those of the S group. It is concluded that curcumin pretreatment attenuates LPS-induced lung injury in rats. This beneficial effect of curcumin may involves, in part, inhibition of neutrophilic recruitment and activity, possibly through inhibition of lung CINC-1 expression.

Objective To explore facial characteristics of patients with different organ diseases; To provide some references for objective study on TCM inspection information. Methods Smart TCM-I type Life Information Analysis Systems was used to detect facial characteristics of 510 patients with five zang-organs diseases. 36 specific quantitative parameters including red ?, green (G), blue (B) and hue (H), saturation (S), value (V) of the face, forehead, eyes, cheeks, nose and chin were collected, and the Kruskal M-Wallis H and Nemenyi test were used for statistical analysis. Results Among the 510 patients with five zang-organs diseases, 96 patients belonged to lung system diseases, 105 heart system diseases, 101 liver system diseases, 107 spleen and stomach system diseases and 101 kidney system diseases. There was statistical significance in R, G, B, H, S, and V in forehead, eyes, cheeks and nose. Conclusion Facial characteristics can provide objective references for the facial division of five zang-organs diseases.

Objective: To investigate the impact for family history of hypertension on masked hypertension (MH) morbidity with relevant cardiac damage. Methods: Our research included in 3 groups: MH group, n=250 consecutive patients treated in our hospital from 2010-01 to 2015-04, Hypertension group, n=250 and Control group, n=250 subjects with normal blood pressure. The family history of hypertension, general clinical information, routine biochemical indexes and the findings of echocardiography were studied and compared among different groups. Results: ① There were 70 (28%) patients with family history of hypertension in MH group, 87 (34.8%) in Hypertension group and 26 (10.4%) in Control group. The ratio of family history of hypertension in MH group was higher than Control group, P<0.001, while it was similar between MH group and Hypertension group, P>0.05. Logistic regression analysis presented that family history of hypertension and body mass index were positively related to the morbidities of MH (r=1.468, r=0.173) and hypertension (r=1.195, r=0.086). ② Compared with Control group, MH group had increased left ventricular mass index (85.64 ± 17.7) g/m2 vs (80.50 ± 15.53) g/m2 and the maximum blood flow velocity of aortic valve (115.74 ± 16.54) cm/s vs (112.40±14.21) cm/s, all P<0.05. In MH group, compared with those without family history of hypertension, the patients with family history had the higher left ventricular mass index (89.22 ± 19.08) g/m2 vs (84.25 ± 16.99) g/m2 and the maximum blood flow velocity of aortic valve (119.19 ± 14.97) g/m2 vs (114.39 ± 16.96) g/m2, all P<0.05. Conclusion: The subjects with family history of hypertension had the higher risk of MH morbidity with more severe cardiac damage.