Biomedical Research ; trends ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; cytology ; Female ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Lung ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Neutrophils ; cytology ; Peroxidase ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To detect levels of IL - 4 and INF - ? in induced sputum dynamically in children with mycnplasma pneamo-niae pneumonia( MPP), and to analyze the function of Th1 /Th2 cell factor immune response in the genesis and development of MPP, so as to evaluate the clinical value of induced sputum method in MPP research. Methods There were 38 cases who were diagnoses as MPP using 3% high osmotic pressure of saline water to ultrasonic atomizing inhalation for inducing sputum. ELISA was used to detect IL-4 and INF-?. Results The content of IL-4 in acute stage was higher than that in convalescence stage in induced sputum of MPP children. Severe stage was higher than mild stage. However, the comparison between acute and convalescence stage didn't have statistics difference in the content of INF-?, neither did the comparison between severe and mild stage. IL- 4/INF- ? in acute stage was higher than that in convalescence stage. Severe stage was higher than mild stage. In convalescence stage, the comparison of INF - ?, IL - 4, IL - 4/INF - ? between the severe and the mild didn' t have statistic significance. Conclusions IL-4 and INF - ? have participated in the monogenesis of MPP. The disequilibria of Th1 /Fh2 is existed in MPP and Th2 reaction predominates. So induced sputum analysis can be a better way to judge the light or heavy press degree of MPP practically, conveniently and sensitively.

Aimed at the ubiquitous problems in the secondary development of famous and superior Chinese patent drugs, the concept of clinical orientation is suggested by the authors. Its necessity in secondary development was explained and the method for establishment and confirmation was explored in this paper, which set up a favorable basis for secondary development of famous and superior Chinese patent drugs.
Drug Therapy ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; standards ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Patents as Topic

Therapeutic effect is the core in clinic medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has certain advantages on clinical efficacy, but is still lack of reliable evidence. With the rapid development of evidence based medicine (EBM), more and more attention is paid on scientific evaluation of clinical efficacy increasingly. To carry out TCM clinical therapeutic research and to scientifically evaluate its efficacy has become a very important task for TCM development. Scientific and precise protocol design is the precondition for progressing the research and obtaining high quality evidences. The article puts stress on how to design the clinical therapeutic program of research on TCM in combining with characteristics of TCM.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Phytotherapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Research Design

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Shengli capsules on the sexual ability of normal and castrated male rats.

METHODSShengli capsules were given by intragastric administration to 100 experimental male rats at different doses of 0.35, 0.70 and 1.40 g / kg. Data were collected and analyzed, including capture latency period, times of capture, sexual endurance and times of ejaculation, to assess the effects of Shengli capsules on the sexual ability of the rats. The Castrated Animal Impotence Model was employed to determine the erectile latency period and the function parameters of the preputial gland, seminal vesicle and prostate, so as to test the effects of Shengli on the development of the rats'sexual organs.

RESULTSShengli was proved to be effective in shortening copulation latency in the dose groups of 0.35, 0.70 and 1.40 g / kg (P < 0.01), increasing significantly the frequency of capture in the high- and low-dose groups of 0.35 and 1.40 g / kg (P < 0.05), reducing the latency period to erection in the low-dose group of 0.35 g / kg, and blocking the shrink of the seminal vesicle and prostate in the medium-dose group of 0.70 g / kg.

CONCLUSIONShengli is significantly effective in enhancing the sexual ability of male rats: it can boost libido, increase erection frequency and improve sexual performance. However, further studies have yet to be done on its action mechanisms.

Animals ; Capsules ; Copulation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Ovariectomy ; Penile Erection ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic efficacy of Longqingpian combined with Levofloxacin on Type IIIA prostatitis.

METHODSEighty patients with Type IIIA prostatitis were equally randomized into a Longqingpian group and a Puleanpian group, both treated for 12 weeks. The former were given Longqingpian (once 6 tablets, twice a day) combined with Levofloxacin (once 0.2 g, twice a day) during the first 4 weeks, followed by Longqingpian alone (once 6 tablets, twice a day) for 8 weeks. The latter received Puleanpian (once 4 tablets, 3 times a day) combined with Levofloxacin (once 0.2 g, twice a day) in the initial 4 weeks, followed by Puleanpian alone (once 4 tablets, 3 times a day) for 8 weeks. Before and 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the treatment, all the patients were evaluated by The National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) and EPS examination.

RESULTSAfter 4-week, 8-week and 12-week treatment, total score of NIH-CPSI, and the score of pain, voiding symptoms and the quality of life dropped significantly in both groups compared with pre-treatment (P < 0.05 or 0.01), so did the leukocyte count in EPS (P < 0.05). Compared with the 4-week treatment, total score of NIH-CPSI, and the score of pain, voiding symptoms and the quality of life were shown to be significantly different (P < 0.05) in the Longqingpian group from the 8-week and 12-week treatment, except the leukocyte count in EPS. However, there was no significant difference between the 8-week and 12-week treatment in any of the indexes (P > 0.05). Longqingpian effected significant differences in the above indexes (P < 0.05), while Puleanpian did not after the treatment (P > 0.05). And the lecithin Amato body analysis revealed no significant changes in EPS after the treatment in either group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONLongqingpian combined with Levofloxacin is highly effective for Type IIIA prostatitis, by relieving pain and voiding symptoms, decreasing the leukocyte count in EPS and improving the life quality of the patients.

Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Levofloxacin ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ofloxacin ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy

Objective To observe the status of occuh hepatitis B virus infection in chronic viral hepatitis patients with non-A to E hepatitis virus infection and explore the diagnostic value of fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) technique for occult hepatitis B virus infection. Methods The amount of HBV-DNA in serum and liver tissue from 57 patients with non-A to E hepatitis virus infection who were diagnosed as chronic viral hepatitis by Menghini method liver biopsy were detected by using FQ-PCR technique,then the relation between the viral load of HBV DNA in liver tissue and hepatic inflammatory activity were analyzed.Results Thirteen (22.81% ),22 (38.60%) patients were positive for HBV DNA in serum and liver tissue,respectively.The positive rate and the level of HBV DNA quantity in liver tissue were significantly higher than those in serum;HBV DNA was found positive in both serum and liver tissue in 13 cases,negative in both serum and liver tissue in 35,positive in liver tissue but negative in serum in 9,and in none of the cases HBV DNA was positive in serum but negative in liver tissue ( P<0.01 ).The logarithmic value of HBV DNA from 13 patients in liver tissue and in serum was respectively:(6.62±1.21 ) copies/g vs.(4.03±1.06) copies/ml,P < 0.01.The hepatic lesions of all HBV DNA positive patients were active pathologic changes,but the level of HBV DNA in liver tissue was not significantly correlated with the grade of hepatic inflammation activity ( P0.05 ).Conclusion Occult HBV infection is the etiology of part of the chronic viral hepatitis patients with non-A-E hepatitis virus infection.Missed diagnosis will occur if diagnosis of hepatitis B is only hased on detection of serum HBV markers. It is useful for improvement of the diagnostic level of HBV infection via detection of HBV DNA quantitatively in serum especially in liver tissue of chronic viral hepatitis with non-A-E hepatitis virus infection by using FQ-PCR technique The chronic viral hepatitis patients occult HBV infection should be also given effective anti-viral therapy.

Objective To investigated the correlation between the effects of the compatibility of fried Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle on chemical composition and anti-inflammatory effects.Methods An HPLC-DAD method was employed for the simultaneous determination of various components of fried Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,including paeoniflorin,albiflorin,benzoylpaeoniflorin,oxypaeoniflorin,glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhizin.An adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model was established.Administration groups were given fried Paeoniae Radix Alba,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,and fried Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle liquid by gavage for 2 weeks,respectively.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to detect the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β,TNF-α and PGE2 in serum of each group.Factorial design,bivariate correlation analysis,and multiple linear regression were employed to explore the effect of compatibility on chemical composition and its correlation with anti-inflammatory efficacy.Results The established HPLC-DAD analysis method revealed a significant increase in the content of oxypaeoniflorin,albiflorin and benzoylpaeoniflorin following the compatibility of fried Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the contents of IL-1β,TNF-α and PGE2 in serum of each administration group decreased(P<0.01),and the contents of IL-1β,TNF-α and PGE2 in serum of compatibility group were lower than fried Paeoniae Radix Alba group and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle group(P<0.05,P<0.01).The results from the factorial design indicated the presence of an interaction effect between fried Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle.Bivariate correlation analysis results showed negative correlations between oxypaeoniflorin,albiflorin,paeoniflorin,glycyrrhizin,benzoylpaeoniflorin and glycyrrhizic acid with the contents of IL-1β,TNF-α and PGE2,respectively.Multiple linear regression results revealed that glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid were negatively correlated with the contents of IL-1β,TNF-α and PGE2.Conclusion The established method for analyzing multiple constituents in the compatibility of fried Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle is straightforward,rapid,highly specific,accurate,and reliable,suitable for quality evaluation and control.The compatibility of fried Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle can inhibit the expressions of IIL-1β,TNF-α and PGE2,and the content of chemical composition is correlated with anti-inflammatory effects.

OBJECTIVEAlveolar type II (AT II) cells play a crucial role in the maintenance of pulmonary surfactant homeostasis and pulmonary immunity. The effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on the ultrastructure of AT II cells after acute lung injury remain unknown. This study focused on the ultrastructural changes caused by acute lung injury and on the effects of Dex administration on these ultrastructural changes in young rats.

METHODSSeventy-two 21-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, acute lung injury and Dex-treated groups. Rats in the lung injury group were intraperitoneally injected with 4 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in order to induce acute lung injury, while the control rats were injected with the same amount of normal saline (NS). The Dex-treated group was injected first with LPS followed 1 hr later by Dex (5 mg/kg) injection. Eight rats in each group were sacrificed 24, 48 and 72 hrs after LPS or NS injection. Lung samples were obtained from the lower parts of left lungs and fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for transmission electron microscope examination.

RESULTSMicrovilli of AT II cells disappeared and the number of lamellar bodies (LBs) increased in the lung injury group 24 hrs after LPS injection. The ring-like arrangement of LBs around nuclei was present until 48 hrs after LPS injection. By 48 hrs after LPS injection, giant LBs with vacuole-like abnormalities appeared. The shape of nuclei became irregular and the border of the nuclei became blurred. By 72 hrs after LPS injection, the number of LBs was obviously reduced; nucleoli disappeared; and karyolysis occurred in some of the nuclei. In contrast, in the Dex-treated group, LBs crowded on one side of AT II cells and exocytosis appeared on the same side by 24 hrs after LPS injection. By 48 hrs, the number of LBs was reduced. The number of mitochondria increased, and some of them became swollen and enlarged. However, by 72 hrs, the number of LBs increased and the ring-like arrangement of LBs around the nucleus again appeared.

CONCLUSIONSUltrastructural changes of AT II cells following lung injury induced by LPS were time-dependent in young rats. Dex may ameliorate AT II cell injury and promote functional restoration of AT II cells in LPS-induced acute lung injury.

Animals ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; pathology