Objective To establish an improved model of exercise-induced glycometabolism in type II diabetic rats,and to provide a theoretical reference for the establishment of exercise prescription for type II diabetes.Methods Forty-five 8-week old SPF male Wistar rats were used in this study.Of which 32 were fed with high-fat diet for 7 weeks,and intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg STZ was given to establish the rat model of type II diabetes.The normal rats and successful model rats were divided into four groups:The normal control group (C group),normal exercise group (CE group),diabetic group (DM group) and diabetic exercise group (DME group).The exercise group was assigned by the Ploug training protocol,6 days/week,60 min/day,for a total of 8 weeks.After the high fat diet fed for 7 weeks,blood sample was taken from the tail vein,FBG and serum insulin were detected after baseline and 8 weeks exercise,and blood sample was collected from the tail vein to determine the FBG.Serum insulin (FINS) was detected by orbital blood sampling at the end of 8 weeks of exercise,and HOMA-IR was calculated.Results 1.After 7 weeks of high fat diet,compared with the groups C and CE,the levels of FBG,FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the DM and DME groups.2.After 8 weeks of exercise intervention,compared with the groups C and CE,FINS was significantly lower in the groups DM and DME,but the FBG and HOMA-IR were higher.Compared with the DM group,the level of FINS was significantly higher in the DME group,and the levels of FBG and HOMA-IR were significantly lower.The body weights of DM and DME groups were significantly lower than those of the groups Cand CE,the body weight had no significant difference between the DME and DM groups,and similar result was between the groups CE and C.Conclusions 1.The rat model of type II diabetes is successfully established with high fat diet for 7 weeks plus STZ injection(30 mg/mL).2.Aerobic exercise 60 min/day for a total of 8 weeks can improve the glycometabolism in type 2 diabetic rats,to be an ideal animal model for study of the mechanism of prevention and amelioration of type II diabetes.

Objectives To prepare arbutin phospholipid complex (APC) to improve the skin permeability of arbutin and discuss the formation mechanism of APC. Methods Solvent evaporation method was used to prepare APC. The formation of APC was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The solubility, skin permeability and the ability to inhibit tyrosinase of APC were evaluated. Results The analysis showed that the weak interaction between phospholipid and arbutin molecules formed APC. The solubility of arbutin in APC in n-octanol increased from 1.29 µg/mL to 9.54 µg/mL, and the formation of APC effectively increased the lipophilicity of arbutinn. In vitro release study demonstrated that APC exhibited sustained release behavior. Ex vitro penetration studies showed that arbutin was difficult to reach the subcutaneous tissue through the skin, but APC showed strong penetration ability, of which permeation flux was improved from 0.02 mg/cm2 to 0.42 mg/cm2. Enzyme inhibitory activity test showed that the inhibition of APC on tyrosinase activity was 1.85 times of arbutin. Conclusions The formation of the complex improved the bioavailability of arbutin, and the complex held higher application potential for medicinal and cosmetic.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effective method of the prevention and treatment of procedural pain in dressing changes of burn wounds.

METHODSNinety patients of burn injury were randomized into 3 groups, 30 cases in each one. In the group A, fentanyl citrate injection was used at corresponding injury area, jiaogan (AH6a, sympathetic nerve), fei (CO14, lung), neifenmi (CO18, endocrine) on ear, 0.25 mL at each point. In the group B, fentanyl citrate injection was applied subcutaneously in the deltoid muscle, 1 mL. In the group C, 0.9% sodium chloride injection was applied subcutaneously in the deltoid muscle, 1 mL. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the analgesic effect before, during and 10 min after dressing change in the patients of the three groups separately.

RESULTSIt was not different in VAS score before dressing change among the three groups (P> 0.05). Compared with that before dressing change, the pain was not significant and VAS score was not different during and after dressing change in the patients of the group A (both P>0.05), but the score in the patients of the group B and C was different significantly (all P<0.05). The VAS score during and after dressing change in the group A was lower than that in the group B and C (all P<0.05), and the score in the group B was lower than that in the group C (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONFentanyl injection of small dose at auricular points achieves definite analgesic effect on procedural pain in dressing changes of burn wounds, superior to subcutaneous injection of fentanyl.

Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Burns ; complications ; therapy ; Female ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Pain Measurement ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of activation of specific anti-tumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and the ability of cross-presentation in vitro by fusion of HLA-A2+ human dendritic cells (DCs) with HLA-A2- melanoma cells. METHODS: The HLA-A2+ human dendritic cells and HLA-A2- melanoma cells were fused by PEG and were cultivated in complete RPMI1640 media containing FCS (10%) and GM-CSF for 24-48 h, and then co-cultured fusion cells with Melan-A specific T cells. HLA-A2- melanoma cells were negative control,While T2 cells and DC+Pts were positive control. The activation of anti-tumor CTL elicited by the fusion cells was detected by intracellular cytokine staining. RESULTS: The immature DC could express CD80, CD83, CD86, HLA-DR, and HLA-ABC,but the mature DC induced by TNF-alpha, PGE-2, and CD40L further highly expressed above molecules. The rate of specific CTL cells primed by the fusion cells was 16.72%+/-4.26%, negative control was 0.21%+/-1.84%,and positive control was 28.60%+/-5.67%. The CTL from vaccine by fusing DC and LAR6 induced lysis of HLA-A2+ LAR1 cells. CONCLUSION The HLA-A2 restricted specific anti-tumor CTL can be induced in vitro by fusion of HLA-A2+ human dendritic cells with HLA-A2- melanoma cells.
Antigen Presentation ; immunology ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; immunology ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; HLA-A2 Antigen ; immunology ; Humans ; MART-1 Antigen ; immunology ; Melanoma ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the application of digital surgical technology in reconstruction of orbital frame and assess the treatment outcomes. Methods Seven patients with post-traumatic orbital defect were included in this study. Images of the orbit were obtained for each individual through computed tomography(CT). Preoperative design was finished according to rapid prototyping, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD-CAM) and other digital surgical techniques. Surgical fracture reductions with internal fixation and implant of Medpor were used in operation to reconstruct orbit as well as correct enophthalmos and diplopia. Results Accurate realignment of the displaced orbital rim was obtained in all the 7 patients,and enophthalmos and diplopia were corrected in 4 and 2 patients, respectively. Conclusions Digital techniques provide a precise means for preoperative design and operation implementation during orbital reconstruction. As a result, complications can be reduced, and the patient′s facial appearance can be maximally improved.

OBJECTIVETo study the optimum acupuncture treatment program and the mechanism for treatment of cerebral infarction.

METHODSSixty-three cases were randomly divided into 9 groups. The four factors, times of manipulation, the retaining time of the needle, acupuncture instrument and acupoints,and their corresponding three levels were adopted respectively in treatment of each group. Then nerve function defect score and insulin resistance were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe acupoints, the times of manipulation and the retaining time of the needle have significant effects on nerve function defect and insulin resistance (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), and the acupuncture instrument has a significant effect on insulin resistance (P < 0.01). The choice of acupoints was the most important factor for acupuncture treatment of cerebral infarction.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture for regulating The Governor Vessel with twice manipulations and retaining the needle for 60 min is optimum treatment program for cerebral infarction. The good regulating effect of acupuncture on insulin resistance is one of the mechanisms of achieving the therapeutic results.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Cerebral Infarction ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Needles

OBJECTIVETo study the value of apolipoprotein H (apoH) gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and urinary N-Acetyl-beta-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) and retinal-binding protein (RBP) in the early diagnosis of renal function damage in neonates.

METHODSSixty sick neonates who renal function damage probably occurred were enrolled. The blood and urinary samples were collected twice within 48 hrs following admission, with an interval of 12-24 hrs. Expression of apoH gene in PBMC was determined with RT-PCR. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, and urinary activities of NAG and RBP were measured with enzymatic reaction.

RESULTSThe abnormal rates of blood apoH and urinary NAG and RBP were 73.3%, 83.3% and 76.7%, respectively in the first detection. The second detection for blood apoH and urinary NAG and RBP showed abnormal rates of 70.0%, 66.7% and 76.7%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the abnormal rates between the three markers either in the first or the second detection (P>0.05). Beside there were no significant significances in the abnormal rates between urinary NAG and blood BUN in the second detection, the abnormal rates of blood apoH and urinary NAG and RBP in both detections were significantly higher than those of BUN or creatinine (P<0.01 or 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere are identical values of blood apoH gene expression and urinary NAG and RBP in the early diagnosis of renal function damage in neonates. The above three markers are more sensitive to early renal function damage than blood BUN and creatinine.

Acetylglucosaminidase ; urine ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney Diseases ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Male ; Retinol-Binding Proteins ; urine ; beta 2-Glycoprotein I ; blood ; genetics

Objective:To explore the effect of pectin on improving intestinal barrier injury in elderly stroke patients.Methods:A total of 60 elderly stroke patients who received enteral nutrition in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Taizhou People's Hospital from November 2020 to October 2021 were included. The control group included 30 cases, using conventional enteral nutrition solution. The other 30 cases were in the study group, and pectin was added on the basis of routine enteral nutrition solution. The levels of serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactic acid (D-LA) were measured on the first and 7th days of enteral nutrition to evaluate the intestinal barrier function of elderly stroke patients. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured to evaluate the inflammatory response level of elderly stroke patients. The clinical prognosis of the two groups was compared.Results:Compared with the control group, the values of DAO [(4.05±1.56)ng/mL] and D-LA [(6.11±2.20) μmol/L] in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group on the 7th day (all P < 0.05). Also the levels of IL-6 [(15.43±12.53) ng/mL], PCT [(0.82±0.98) ng/mL] and CRP [(6.94±6.60) mg/L] in the study group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the length of ICU stay and total length of hospital stay in the study group were shorter than those in the control group ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of stroke-related pneumonia (16.7% vs. 30.0%) and 30-day mortality (16.7% vs. 20.0%) between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The enteral nutrition with pectin supplementation can improve intestinal barrier function and reduce inflammatory response in elderly stroke patients.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.