This study is designed to obtain recombinant human acetylcholinesterase (rhAChE) and apply it in screening acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The rhAChE was overexpressed in HEK293 cells transfected by plasmid of pCMV-AChE with the cationic liposome and rhAChE was found to be secreted into cell culture medium. AChE activity was assayed according to modified Ellman method to obtain kinetic parameters. IC so50 values for donepezil compounds of rhAChE were calculated to determine their activities of inhibition. The results showed that Km value was 151.9 micromol.L-1 donepezil inhibited rhAChE in a mixed competitive-noncompetitive way (Ki= 16.03 nmol.L-1, Ki = 18.36 nmol.L-1) and that most new compounds tested exhibited high activities of inhibition on rhAChE. The study suggests that rhAChE is available to be applied in screening AChE inhibitors in vitro.
Acetylcholinesterase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; analysis ; pharmacology ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Indans ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Kinetics ; Piperidines ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

Aim To evaluate the effects of pantoprazole on various experimental acute ulcer inrats and mice. Methods The model of a gastric ulcer of rats or mice was caused bystree- induced ulcer and ligatel pylurus-induced ulcer. Results & Conclusions At adose of 5, 10, 20 mg? kg-1 of Pantoprazole can markedly decrease the ulcer index ofstree-induced ulcer. Pantoprazole(4, 8, 16 mg? kg -1 ) significantly decrease the areaof ligated pylorus-induced gastric ulcer. It was also found that pantoprazole caninhibit the output of basic gastric acid.

Objective To find out the present situation of hepatitis B infection or immunity in Tianjin city,and to provide the scientific basis for the hepatitis B control and prevention.Methods 2 594 samples were selected with the methods of different proportionate stratified and cluster sampling,and the hepatitis B infection markers were detected by ELISA.Results The positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HBs,anti-HBc and HBV were 2.62％,46.72％,10.60％ and 51.54％.Conclusion Compared with the results in 1992,the positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HBc and HBV were decreased significantly,while the positive rate of anti-HBs increased significandy,which ascribed to the comprehensive measure with the vaccination against hepatitis B as a main strategy for control hepatitis B.

In order to investigate the angiogenic effect of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), two parts of experiment were performed. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was used for in vivo angiogenic research. The chick embryos were divided into 4 groups: ICAM-1 group (divided into 3 subgroups, I, II and III) for screening the angiogenic effect of ICAM-1 by adding different concentrations of ICAM-1 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 microg/microL) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup; Anti-ICAM-1 group A (divided into 2 subgroups, I and II) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate the effect of ICAM-1 on the survival of microvessels through observing whether Anti-ICAM-1 could induce involution of the microvessels on CAMs; Anti-ICAM-1 group B (divided into 2 subgroups, I and II) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 6 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate whether ICAM-1 involved in embryonic angiogenesis through observing the growth of microvessels on CAMs; Control group: ICAM-1 or Anti-ICAM-1 was substituted by PBS 5 muL on the day 10 or day 6 after incubation. Three days later, the CAMs were photographed in vivo, excised, sectioned and the number of microvessels was counted. In ICAM-1 group, there was increased number of microvessels arranged radially with "spoked-wheel" pattern around the gelatin sponges. The new microvessels growing perpendicularly to gelatin sponges were observed. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in 3 subgroups was higher than that in control group (P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference among the 3 subgroups (P>0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group A, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of ICAM-1 group. Few new microvessels were detected in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in subgroup II was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the number of the microvessels around the sponges between subgroup I and control group (P>0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group B, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of control group. New microvessels were very scarce in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in the 2 subgroups were less than that in control group (P<0.01), and there was significant difference between the 2 subgroups (P<0.05). It was suggested that ICAM-1 could induce angiogenesis and support the survival of microvessels, and ICAM-1 was involved in embryonic angiogenesis.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum 14-3-3η protein levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and secondary osteoporosis (OP). Methods 259 RA patients and 80 healthy controls were recruited. Serum 14-3-3η levels were determined by ELISA and bone mineral density (BMD) were detected by the DEXA. Results Firstly, the levels and the positive rate of serum 14-3-3η protein were significantly high-er in RA patients than healthy controls (P < 0.000 1). Secondly, ROC curve revealed that the sensitivity of 14-3-3η protein for diagnosis of early RA was 91.7% and its specificity was 99.6% when the cut-off point was 0.879 ng/mL (AUC = 0.917, P < 0.000 1). Finally, 14-3-3η protein concentrations revealed significant differ-ence among the groups of bone mass normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis in early RA (χ2=7.974, P = 0.019). Conclusion Serum 14-3-3η protein levels increase significantly in RA , especially in early RA , which is relat-ed to clinical symptoms and osteoporosis.

Objective To analyze and compare the clinical and laboratory features between patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA).Methods One hundred and forty-one patients with AS and 73 cases with nr-axSpA were recruited.Clinical and laboratory indexes of individuals were recorded in detail,Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) crp were calculated.Spondyloarthritis research consortium of Canada (SPARCC) score standard was used to evaluate the degree of bone marrow edema in sacr-oiliac joint under magnetic resonance imaging scanning.T test,rank test and x2 test were used for statistical analysis.Results The average age of patients with AS was obviously higher than that of patients with nr-axSpA (t=4.962,P＜0.01).Patients with AS were more often male,and those with nr-axSpA were more often female (82.0％ of the AS patients were men and 49.3％ of the nr-axSpA patients were men (x2=24.079,P＜0.01).Disease duration of AS was significantly longer than that of the nr-axSpA (Z=6.396,P＜0.01).The incidence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 positive in AS was 89.4％,which was similar to that in patients with nr-axSpA (84.9％) (x2=0.884,P＞0.05).21.6％ (21 cases) of patients with AS had peripheral swollen joints,which was higher than that in nr-axSpA (2.2％,x2=8.861,P=0.003).Forty cases in AS had tender joints (41.2％),only 6 patients in nr-axSpA had tender joints (13.3％,x2=11.458,P＜0.01).Serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with AS were clearly higher than those in nr-axSpA (P＜0.01) patients.In AS,the patient global assessment (PGA),BASDAI and ASDAScrp value was significantly higher than that in nr-axSpA (P＜0.01).There were no differences in SPARCC score or incidence of bone marrow edema in sacroiliac joint in magnetic resonance imaging scanning between AS and nr-axSpA (P＞0.05).Percentage of patients with occipit-to-wall distance higher than 0 cm in AS was higher than that in nr-axSpA,and the mean distance of fingers to ground in AS was also higher than that in nr-axSpA (x2=19.844,P＜0.01;Z=5.724,P＜0.01).Chest expansion degree and Schboer's test in AS was much lower than that in nr-axSpA,respectively (Z=3.083,P=0.002;Z=5.103,P＜0.01).BASFI in AS was higher than that in nr-axSpA (Z=5.840,P＜0.01).The ratio of joint function in AS was obviously worse than that in nr-axSpA (x2=1 1.369,P=0.01).Conclusion Compared to patients with nr-axSpA,AS patients are male predominant,and have severer inflammation in clinical and laboratory findings and are worse in functional status.

Objective To investigate the effect of sarcopenia and vitamin D deficiency on osteoporosis (OP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods Six hundred and forty-eight patients with RA were enrolled into the study,while 158 normal subjects were recruited as the control group.Bone mineral density (BMD) at total hip and lumbar vertebra 2-4 were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA),limbs skeletal muscle mass was determined in 267 patients with RA and 156 normal subjects by bioelectrical impedance method.Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were determined by electrochemiluminescence in 234 RA patients and 68 normal subjects.Clinical and laboratory features,daily dosage and duration of glucocorticoid (GC) were recorded.Numerical data and categorical data comparisons were analyzed using t test,x2 test,linear correlation analysis,single factor analysis of variance test and Logistic regression analysis test.Results ① Incidence of OP in RA (37.8％,245/648) was significantly higher than that in the controls (13.9％,22/158)(x2=32.712,P＜0.01).Incidence of sarcopenia was evidently higher in RA,compared with normal subjects [55.8％(149/267),9.0％(14/156),x2=91.176,P＜0.01].Percentage of sarcopenia was higher in RA with OP compared with RA without OP group [76.6％(49/64),39.3％(35/89),x2=20.848,P＜0.01].②Compared to control group,serum 25 (OH)D levels were significantly lower in RA group [(13.4±9.7) ng/ml,(22.4±6.3) ng/ml,t=9.063,P＜0.01].Rate of vitamin D deficiency iu RA was also higher than that in controls [80.8％(189/234),36.8％(25/68),x2=49.412,P＜0.01].③The differences of serum 25 (OH)D levels among different bone metabolic state groups at lumbar vertebra in RA (normal bone mass,osteopenia,OP) were statistically significant (F=6.263,P=0.003),whichrepresented a clearly decreasing trend along with the decreasing of serum 25 (OH)D levels (P=0.001).④Linear correlation analysis found that skeletal muscle mass indexes at limbs in RA were positively correlated with BMD and serum 25 (OH)D levels (P＜0.05).⑥Logistic Regression analysis revealed that sarcopenia (OR=4.373,P=0.002),age (OR=1.083,P=0.001) and duration of disease (OR=1.074,P=0.029) were the risk factors for occurrence of OP in patients with RA.Conclusion Sarcopenia generally exists in patients with RA,which is correlated with decreasing of serum 25 (OH)D levels,and also is the risk factor for the occurring of OP in RA.

Objective To compare several methods for the rapid detection of methicillin resistant StaphylOCOCCUS aureus(MRSA).Methods Forty-four Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital(TMUCIH)were detected by Oxacillin Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method,Cefoxitin Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method,Oxacillin micro-broth dilution method,E tests and PBP2a Latex agglutinaltion assay.These above results were compared with PCR analysis.Results PCR analysis showed that 36 MRSA strains containing mecA was identified.Thirty-two MRSA strains were detected by Oxacillin Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method,Cefoxitin Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and Oxacillin micro-broth dilution method.Compared with PCR analysis,the sensitivity and specificity is 88.9%and 100%respectively.Thirty-three MRSA strains were identified by E test,with the sensitivity of 88.9%and specificity of 87.5%.Twenty-nine MRSA strains were identified by PBP2a latex agglutination assay with the sensitivity of 80.5%and specificity of 100%.Conclusions The turnaround time of PBP2a Latex agglutination assay could be reduced 24 h compared with other methods for detection of MRSA.This rapid,convenient and specific method could be applied in clinical laboratories for MRSA detection.

Objective To investigate the species diversity and distribution of medical mollusca in Shanghai City. Methods From August 2012 to October 2013,all kinds of habitats in 8 districts and counties in Shanghai City,namely Jiading,Qingpu, Baoshan,Minhang,Songjiang,Jinshan,Chongming,Pudong,were selected for the field survey according to the distribution characteristics of the river system,and all the specimens of medical mollusca in the investigation sites were collected and classi?fied by morphological identification. Meanwhile,the species composition,habitats as well as the fauna of the medical mollusca collected were analyzed. Results A total of 5 211 specimens were collected,which belonged to 2 classes,14 families,18 gen?era and 25 species,including Oncomelania hupensis hupensis,Pomacea canaliculata,Parafossarulus striatulus,Alocinma longicornis,Physa acuta,Galba pervia,Hippeutis cantori,etc. The species numbers of medical mollusca in Chongming,Jin?shan,Pudong new area and Qingpu districts(counties)were 22,22,21 and 20,respectively,which were more than those of other areas. The habitat analysis suggested that the species numbers in the river and wetland were the most,both of which were 14 species. The main faunas of the medical mollusca in Shanghai were the cosmopolitan and oriental species. Conclusions The freshwater gastropod species are paucity in Shanghai City,but almost of them can be served as the intermediate hosts of certain parasites to transmit snail?related parasitic diseases,so the surveillance of medical mollusca should be strengthened.

Objective To explore the effect of vitamin D deficiency and falls on osteoporotic fracture (OPF) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods A total of 852 patients with RA were recruited, anteroposterior and lateral X-rays examination of vertebral column were conducted for every patient.Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and bone mineral density (BMD) of all the vertebrae of lumbar were exam-ined.Clinical and laboratory index of patients were recorded in details meanwhile.Data of 156 normal subjects during the same period were collected as the control group.Numerical data and categorical data comparisons were analyzed using t test, x2 test, single factor analysis of variance test, linear correlation and Logistic regression analysis test.Results ① The prevalence of vertebral OPF in RA was 16.1％(137/852).Compared to RA without OPF, patients with OPF had lower serum 25(OH)D levels [(14±4) ng/ml vs (18±7) ng/ml, t=2.898, P=0.004].② The occurrence rate of falls in RA patients was 19.7％(36/183).Patients with falls had lower serum 25(OH)D levels [(14±4) ng/ml vs (18±6) ng/ml, t=2.854, P=0.005].③ The prevalence of falls in RA with vertebral OPF was higher than that in RA without OPF (38.1％ vs 14.2％,x2=11.708, P=0.001).④ Linear correlation analysis found that serum levels of 25 (OH)D was positively correlated with total lumbar region BMD in RA patients.⑤ Logistic regression analysis revealed that age [OR=1.124, P=0.002, 95％CI: (1.045, 1.209)]and usage of glucocorticostroid (GC) [OR=6.724, P=0.031,95％CI: (1.196, 37.813)] were the risk factors for occurrence of OPF in RA, while serum 25 (OH) D level [OR=0.850, P=0.046, 95％CI: (0.725, 0.997)] was the protective factor.Conclusion Spinal OPF in patients with RA is clearly related with vitamin deficiency, falls and usage of GC.