Objective: To establish an optimized HPLC method for simultaneous determination of rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, and quercetin in Apocynum venetum obtained from different locations. Methods: The separation was performed on a Shiseido C18 (3.0 μm, 30mmX100mm) column by gradient elution with acetonitrile: methanol = 10: 1 as the mobile phase A and 0.1% formic asid as the mobile phase B (0-4 min, 5% → 16%A; 4-15 min, 16% → 23%A; 15-20 min, 23% → 35%A; 20-22 min, 35% → 55%A) at a flow rate of 0.6 ml • min-1. The detection wave length of DAD was set at 360 nm, and the column temperature was 30°C. The injection volume was 5 μl. Results: Rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, and quercetin were separated at base line within 22 min with good linearity (r = 0.9999), with the linearity range being 0.308 4 ~ 30.84 μg • ml-1 (r = 0.9999), 0.877 6-87.76 μg • ml-1 (r=0.9999), 0.9020 ~ 90.20 μg • ml-1(r = 0.9999),and 0.2498 ~ 24.98 μg • ml-1 (r = 0.9999), respectively. The result of intra-day and inter-day precisions, limits of detection and quantitation were all within the normal ranges. The recovery rates (n = 3) were 102.0%, 96.40%, and 103.8% for rutin, 98.50%, 101.0%, and 102.9% for hyperoside, 98.40%, 100.4%, and 101.4% for isoquercitrin, and 104.4%, 103.1%, and 103.5% for quercetin. The contents of the above 4 flavonoids were determined in Apocynum venetum from 9 different locations. Conclusion: The method developed in this study is rapid, simple, accurate, reliable, and with good repeatability; the method provides evidence for the quality control of Apocynum venetum.

Objective To explore the effect RNAi-mediated inhibition of X-linked inhibit apoptosis protein (XIAP) gene on apoptosis and susceptibility to chemical therapy drugs in osteosarcoma cells and its underlying mechanism.Methods shRNA plasmid of XIAP gene were constructed. MG63 cells were conventionally cultured and divided into untreated group (group A,non-transfection),blank plasmid group (group B,psiRNA-Con transfected),the experimental group (group C,psiRNA-XIAP transfected),and 2 chemical drug interfered groups,non-transfection+0.3 ?mol Dox group (A+Dox group) and psiRNA-XIAP transfection +0.3 ?mol Dox group (C+Dox group). The XIAP expression in MG63 cells was detected by Western blotting. The proliferation of above-mentioned MG63 cells was examined by MTT assay. Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to detect the cell apoptosis,cell cycle and Caspase-9 expression. Results Group C had a significantly lower protein level of XIAP and MTT value than group A and B (P

Objective To investigate the protective effects of propofol preconditioning on myocardium against hypothermia ischemia normothermia reperfusion injury on isolated rat hearts. Methods The Langendorff apparatus was used.Sixty SD rat hearts were divided randomly into 5 groups after 20-minute equilibrium(n=12): control(Con) group,hearts were continually perfused with K-H buffer for 175 min;ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) group,hearts were perfused with K-H buffer for 40 min,then subjected to global ischemia at 27 ℃ for 75 min,and followed reperfusion at 37 ℃ for 60 min;propofol preconditioning group 1(P1),group 2(P2),and group 3(P3),hearts were perfused with K-H buffer including 50,100,and 150 ?mol/L propofol for 10 min and followed reperfusion like I/R group,respectively.Heart rate(HR),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP), left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP) and ?dp/dtmax at the end of equilibration,pre-ischemia and at the end of reperfusion were recorded.The contents of creatine kinase(CK) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in coronary effluent were measured at the end of equilibration and 1,10,20,30,and 60 min during reperfusion.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the contents of maleic dialdehyde(MDA) were measured at the end of reperfusion.The area of infarct region was determined at the end of reperfusion. Results HR,LVDP,?dp/dtmax and SOD activity in P2 and P3 group were higher than those in I/R group(P

Quorum sensing systems of pathogens are central regulators for the expression of virulence factors. Increasing evidence implies that targeting the quorum sensing system of many pathogenic bacteria is a promising therapeutic approach to control infections. In this work,we isolated 47 strains of actinomycetes from the mud sample of Jiaozhou Bay. Quorum sensing inhibitory activity was monitored by Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. As a result,the culture broth extract of actinomycetes WA-7 was found to have significant quorum sensing inhibitory activity. This strain was assigned to the genus Streptomyces based on its 16S rDNA sequence. Further investigation revealed that the extract could inhibit the quorum sensing-controlled violacein and proteases production of C. violaceum in a concentration-dependent manner.

Objective To study the key points and preliminary experience in the application of laparoscopic pelvilithotomy combined with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)surgery in multiple renal calculi. Methods Eight patients,accepted laparoscopic pelvilithotomy combined with PCNL surgery in our hospital from January 2008to December 2009,were enrolled into the study. Retroperitoneal approach were performed in all operations. The biggest stone was 3.3 cm ×2.3 cm,the smallest one was 0.5 cm ×0.5 cm. All patients had renal pelvis cast stone along with multiple small renal calyceal stones. The stones were removed under laparoscopic operation at the first step. If it was difficult to remove the pelvis cast stone,nephroscope were settled into the pelvis through incision,and then the shattered stone smashed by lithotripsy were removed under the observation of nephroscope. Further exploration and removal of the remaining stones in every calices was necessary for the patients. Results The operations were successful in all cases and all stones were removed thoroughly and get satisfactory effects. The average operation time was 90 minutes. No serious complications happened,such as bleeding,urine leakage or ureteral stricture. The average length of hospital stay was 5 days. Conclusions Our treatment combines the advantages of both laparoscopic pelvilithotomy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy to reduce the incidence of complications and improve the therapeutic effects.

Objective To study the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and the counts of lymph vessels in laryngeal squarnous cell carcinoma and polyps of vocal cord tissues, and explore their clinicopathologic significance and correlation in the course of laryngeal carcinoma. Methods SP immuno-histochemical method was used to detect the expression of NF-κB and the counts of lymph vessels on the routinely paraffln-embedded sections of the specimens from 50 cases laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 10 cases of polyps of vocal cord tissues. Results The positive rate of NF-κB and the counts of lymph ves-sels in laryngeal carcinoma[60. 0% ,( 13.3±3.4)/HP]were significantly higher ( P <0. 05 and P <0. 01respectively) than those in polyps of vocal cord tissues[10.0 % ,(6. 1±3. 8)/HP]. The positive rate of NF-κB and the counts of lymph vessels in well differentiated adenocarcinoma and cases without metastasis were significantly lower( P < 0. 05, P <0. 01 ), compared with poor-differentiated adenoearcinoma and ca-ses with metastasis. The counts of lymph vessels in the NF-κB positive cases were significantly higher than thoseinNF-κBnegativecases[(14.9±4.1)/HPvs (9.8±3.1)/ HP, P <0.01] . Conclusions The expression of NF-κB and the counts of lymph vessels might be important markers to be used to monitor the progression, biological behaviors, metastatic status and prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma. NF-κB might pro-mote lympoangiogenesis in laryngeal squnmous cell carcinoma tissues.

Objective To investigate the manifestations and genetic mechanisms of male sex reversal syndrome. Methods A 22 year old male patient with 46,XX karyotype was systemically examined and a Y specific sequence tagged site (STS),sY14,was chosen to detect sex determining region of Y (SRY) gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results This patient shows primary and secondary male sex characters while gonads are hypoplastic and malfunctional.The patent has 46,XX karyotype and SRY gene.Therefore,the patient is diagnosed as 46,XX male sex reversal syndrome. Conclusions Translocation of SRY can bring about 46,XX male sex reversal syndrome,whereas gonads of the patients are hypoplastic and malfunctional because of the absence of other genes on Y chromosome.SRY gene plays an important role in sex determination.

To develop a medication reminder based on Android platform, which can be used to set up personalized reminders quickly and record the patient' s medication time-stamp and related information. In addition, the effect of using the reminder on medication compliance was studied. 14 subjects participated in the evaluation of medica-tion compliance. The differences of dosage and medication rate between the group using and without using reminder were investigated. The dosage and medication rate were got by the pill counting. The Wilcoxon matched -pairs signed rank test showed that the dosage and the medication rate of the group using reminder were higher than that without using reminder significantly(Z= -2. 93, P =0. 003 ). The results demonstrated that the use of the re-minder can improve the medication dose and rate significantly,indicate that the reminder might be a new technical support for clinical research on medication compliance, and also might reduce the workload for medical staff and patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of extracellular signal regulated kinase(ERK) in human gastric cancer and evaluate the relationship between ERKs protein level and clinicopathological parameters. Method Western blot was used to measure the activity and expression of ERK 1 and ERK 2 proteins and immunohistochemistry was used for localization in 42 gastric cancer patients.Results ERK 1 and ERK 2 protein levels increased in gastric cancer tissues in comparison to normal tissues ( P 0 05). Expression of ERK 1 and ERK 2 showed a positive linear correlation (r=0 550, P