Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Terminology as Topic ; Textbooks as Topic ; Translations

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents of Origanum vulgare L. METHODS: The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, as well as RP-HPLC column chromatographies. Their structures were elucidated based on their physicochemical properties and spectral data. RESULTS: Thirteen compounds were isolated from O. vulgare. Their structures were identified as 4-(O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-hydroxy-7-(3', 4'-dihydroxy-benzoyl)-benzyl alcohol(1), 5, 7, 4'-trihy-droxy-8-C-p-hydroxybenzylflavone(2), 6, 7, 4'-trihydroxyflavone(3), 1, 2, 4-benzenetriol(4), methyl 3-(3', 4'-dihydroxyphenyl) lactate (5), (+)-(R)-butyl rosmarinate (6), didymin (7), apigenin (8), apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucoside (9), luteolin (10), ferulaic acid (11), caffeic acid (12) and β-sitosterol(13) Respectively. CONCLUSION: Compounds 1~7 were isolated from O. vulgare for the first time. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Objective To screen the conservative,stable and specific DNA signature sequence in the plasmid of Yersinia pestis.Methods Specific validation trials and stability of the qualification test were carried out to 40 strains of Yersinia pestis,47 strains of non-Yersinia pestis of home and wild types of rodent in Yunnan,by using 32 DNA sequences derived from Yersinia pestis in the plasmid and conventional PCR technology,and Yersinia pestis vaccine strain EV76 as a positive control.Results Four pairs of relatively conservative,stable and specific DNA marker genes were screened:YPMT1.05c,YPMT1.03c,YPMT1.42 and YPMT1.04c.Conclusions The 4 pairs of Yersinia pestis DNA signature sequences can be used for rapid diagnosis of plague.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical outcomes of posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type through posterioromedial and posteriorlateral incision.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to January 2011,25 patients with posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type were treated by hollow lag screw. Among them, 15 patients were treated through posteromedial incision,including 9 males and 6 females,aged from 21 to 67 years old with an average of 48.1 +/- 1.3; there were 5 cases with type A, 6 cases with type B and 4 cases with type C,according to Denis-Weber classification. Ten patients were treated by through posterior-lateral incision,including 6 males and 4 females, aged from 23 to 64 years old with an average of 46.9 +/- 1.5; there were 3 cases with type A, 5 cases with type B and 2 cases with type C,according to Denis-Weber classification. Operation time, blood loss, length of incision, times of X-ray exposure and complications of two groups were recorded and compared, Baird-Jackson effective evaluation were applied for evaluate clinical outcomes.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 49 months with an average of 20.6 months. There were significant differences in operation time, blood loss, times of X-ray exposure and complications between two group (P < 0.05). While there was no obvious meaning in clinical outcomes between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreating posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type through posteromedial approach can expose and fix fracture under direct vision, has advantages of shorter operation time, less X-ray exposure and blood loss, is a good choice of surgical approach.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Fractures ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Tarsal Bones ; injuries ; surgery

Abstract： Objective　To analyze the changes of cytokine levels in patients with sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Methods　The clinical data of 213 pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2019 to October 2020 were collected, and divided into a sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis group and a drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis group, of which 141 were in the sensitive group and 72 in the drug-resistant group , and the pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-17, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and IL-4 in plasma before treatment, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were compared. Results　Compared with the healthy group, the levels of plasma IL-6 in the sensitive group and the resistant group were significantly increased, difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The plasma levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 in the sensitive group were increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the levels of IL-6 and IL-4 in the plasma of the sensitive group after 6 months of treatment were lower than those after 3 months of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and IFN-γ was significantly decreased (P<0.001). After 6 months of treatment, the IL-10 content was lower than that before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the IFN-γ decreased significantly (P<0.000 1). The levels of IFN-γ at 3 months were higher than those in the resistant group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After 6 months of treatment, there was no significant difference in the content of IFN-γ between the sensitive group and the resistant group. The effective rate of CT absorption was 70% in the sensitive group and only 43.33% in the resistant group at 3 months of treatment, and there was no significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups after 6 months of treatment. Conclusions　Detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma can provide reference for host-directed therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis. Understanding this important feature of cytokines on pathogen-host interactions can provide new insights into the study of virulence mechanisms and may provide new approaches for immune intervention in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective: To investigate the dynamic expression of chemokines Mig, IP10, and ITAC after liver transplantation and to study its role in early diagnosis of acute rejection in humans. Methods: Thirty patients receiving liver transplantation (April 2005 to September 2005) were divided into acute rejection (AR) group (n=9) and non-acute rejection (NAR) group (n=18) based on the clinical symptoms and pathological examination. Three patients were excluded due to post-operation infection. The chemokines expression was determined in all patients 1 day before and day 1, 3, 5, 7 after transplantation. Sixteen patients with liver cirrhosis (cancer) and 16 normal adults were also examined as control in this study. Patients in AR group received pulse glucocorticoid treatment from the onset of AR and the expression of chemokines was determined on the day of AR diagnosis and day 3, 7 after glucocorticoid treatment. The relationship between Banff rejection activity index (RAI) and 3 chemokines expression on the day of AR onset was analyzed. Results: Chemokines expression was not significantly different between transplantation group and liver cirrhosis (cancer) group one day before transplantation; however, it was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P<0.01). The expression of Mig, IP10 and ITAC was increased markedly in AR and NAR group day 3 after transplantation (P<0.05). AR was confirmed in 9 patients on day 11, 12 and 14 after transplantation. The serum contents of Mig, IP10 and ITAC in AR group were higher than those in NAR group at all defined time points after transplantation. There was a positive relationship between RAI and the expression of Mig, IP10 and ITAC on the day of AR onset (r=0.88, 0.94, 0.80, respectively). In AR patients, the expression of Mig, IP10 and ITAC decreased after pulse treatment with glucocorticoid (P<0.01). Conclusion: Serum level of Mig, IP10 and ITAC can serve as a sensitive, specific marker for early predication of AR in liver transplant patients.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of CTIL-4Ig combined with Anti-ICAM-1 mAb in promoting immune tolerance induced by donor-derived immature dendritic cells (imDC) in recipient mice. Methods: Male mice were divided into 4 groups: control group (receiving only imDC), CTLA-4Ig group, ICAM-1 mAb group and CTLA-4Ig + ICAM-1 group. Mice were transfused with donor-derived imDC 7 days before they received heart transplantation in company with daily injection of ICAM-1 mAb, CTLA-4Ig or both for the following 2 weeks. Immunological analysis was performed in mice 7 days and 21 days after heart transplantation. Results: CTLA-4Ig alone or in combination with ICAM-1 mAb significantly inhibited T cells proliferation to alloantigen stimulation, impaired lymphocyte cytotoxicity, suppressed production of IL-2, IFN-γ by Th1, increased production of IL-10, and obviously decreased the production of alloantibody IgG in recipient mice treated with donor-derived imDC. ICAM-1 mAb alone had no significant effects on T cells proliferation and production of Th-derived cytokines except for IL-2. Conclusion: ICAM-1 mAb combined with CTLA-4Ig can enhance immune tolerance induced by donor-derived imDC in recipient mice through induction of T cells hypo-responsiveness, inhibition of lymphocyte cytotoxicity and B cell immunoreation, and promotion of Th2 polarization in vivo.

A L-histidine producing mutant was derived from Corynebacterium glutamicum HZ4221(TRA R DCP R AMT R histidase - )by means of mutagenesis with N-methy-N′-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine(NTG).Contrast to original strain,the amount of histidine accumulation reached to a level of 5.31g/L in a medium containing 80g/Lglucose and 30g/L ammonium sulfate after cultured for 72 hours; the transketolase activity reduced to a degree of 15.7%.The utilization of the carbon sources,genetic stability,effect of metal ions were also been investigated in this paper.