Objective To evaluate the relationships of the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and adiponectin with the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in senile metabolic syndrome (MS)patients. Methods The 74 cases with MS and 30 health controls (control group) were enrolled. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), digit-symbol test (DST), auditory verbal memory test (AVMT), trail making test(TMT), sunderland clock drawing test (CDT) and verbal fluency test (VFT) were applied to evaluate cognitive function. Based on the cognitive assessment, MS patients were divided into two groups: 39 cases with MCI (MS+MCI group) and 35 cases without cognitive impairment (MS group). The levels of MMP-9, ICAM-1 and adiponectin were measured by ELISA. Biochemical variables were measured by routine methods in all subjects. Results (1)MS+MCI group showed the higher levels of BMI, SBP, FBG and MMP-9 (all P＜0.05) and lower level of adiponectin (P＜0.05) than did the MS group. And MS group had higher levels of MMP-9 and ICAM-1 (P＜0.01) and lower adiponectin level (P＜0.01) than did the control group. (2)Spearman's correlation analysis showed that the serum levels of MMP-9 (r=-0.794, P＜0.001) and ICAM-l (r=-0.501, P＜0.001) were negatively correlated with adiponectin. However, MMP-9 was positively correlated with ICAM-1 (r=0.481, P=0.006). (3)Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that there was linear relationship of MoCA with MMP-9 (β=-3.438, P=0.0019), adiponectin (β=1.337, P=0.006), SBP (β=-0.058, P=0.003) and FBG (β=-0.227, P=0.049). (4)Stepwise logistic analysis showed that both high MMP-9 (OR=1.007) and low adiponectin (OR=0.359) were risk factors for the decline of cognitive function. Conclusions Elderly patients with MS may show deterioration in memory, calculation and visuospatial perception. Elevated inflammatory factors might contribute, in combination with abnormal metabolism, to MCI. MMP-9 might contribute to neuronal degeneration. However, adiponectin could strongly counteract the risk factors for cognitive impairment.

Objective To investigate the pathological features of blood vessel inflammation in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy ( FSHD ) and the role of vasculitis on the pathogenesis of FSHD. Methods The clinical manifestations and myopathological features of 26 FSHD patients were retrospectively analyzed and summarized. All of the patients were divided into 2 groups; inflammatory infiltration group and non-inflammatory infiltration group. The latter was further divided into 3 subgroups;endomysial inflammation subgroup, perivasculitis subgroup and transmural vasculitis subgroup.Immunohistochemical staining were carried out in inflammatory infiltration group with anti-CD3, anti-CD4,anti-CD8,anti-CD20 and anti-SMA antibody. The control group was composed of 10 dermatomyositis ( DM)cases and 10 polymyositis ( PM) cases. Results The age of onset was (25. 2 ± 12. 6) years old and the average course was (7. 8 ±7. 3) years. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.6: 1. Five of them had family history. The main clinical features were progressive weakness and atrophy of facial, shoulder girdles and proximal upper limbs muscles. The lower distal limbs and (or) lower distal limbs and pelvic girdle muscles were involved in 18 cases. The main pathological features were shown as followed. Seventeen of them had focal inflammatory cell infiltration, including endomysial inflammation (4/17) , perivasculitis (7/17) , and transmural vasculitis (6/17). Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the major types of inflammatory cells were CD4* T lymphocytes and CD20B lymphocytes, which was familiar with DM. While in PM, CD8+ T lymphocytes were dominant The proportionality of residual muscle fibers obviously decreased in inflammatory infiltration group ( 48. 0% ± 23. 6% ) than non-inflammatory infiltration group ( 94. 3% ±3. 1% , T = 198. 000, P = 0. 000). As to CK levels, there were no significant deviation. Conclusions Obvious inflammatory cell infiltration can be seen in FSHD, the locations of inflammatory cells are endomyosium inflammation, perivasculitis and transmural vasculitis. Transmural vasculitis indicates vascular pathological factor may have something to do with pathogenesis of FSHD.

Objective To synthetize a novel MR molecular imaging probe named USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1,and to evaluate its value in detecting U87 cells by MR imaging. Methods USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 was synthetized by conjugating USPIO?PEG with tLyP?1. Neuropilin?1 expression levels of glioma cell lines were detected by Western blot. The cytotoxicity of USPIO?PEG and USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 were assessed by MTT colorimetric assay. The uptake efficiency of USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 was measured by Prussian blue staining, transmission electron microscope and MR imaging in vitro. Results The novel MR molecular imaging probe was synthetized with an average diameter of 43.84 nm. U87 glioma cell line was screened as test subject for the highly expression of NRP?1(P<0.05). USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 group showed much more intracellular blue particles than USPIO?PEG group after Prussian blue staining. After incubation,USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 mainly existed in lysosme,endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In vitro MRI showed that USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 significantly enhanced the negative contrast effect compared with USPIO?PEG(P<0.01). Conclusion The decoration of tLyP?1 enhanced targeting ability of USPIO?PEG to glioma cells and MR molecular imaging can be a promising method for early diagnosis of gliomas.

Objective To investigate a poisoning caused by wild mushrooms and to identify the toxin in these mushrooms.Methods Epidemiological investigation,blood test and mushroom toxin were analyzed.Results This incident was taken place in one family,and all family members were dead.Multiple organ damage was observed in all patients;amatoxins and virotoxins were detected in both mushrooms and the soup,but were not detected in blood samples because of dialysis.Conclusion The incident was caused by wild mushrooms and public education shoud be strenthened to urge people to avoid eating wild mushrooms and go to the hospital immediately if poisoning takes place.

Objective To investigate the effects and safety of sequential treatments with methotrexate and mifepristone for ectopic pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity.Methods 4 cases of ectopic pregnancy with fetal car- diac activity in our hospital were given by sequential therapy with methotrexate and mifepristone.Serum?-HCG,liv- er function and renal function,blood routine and gastrointestinal response were observed.Results 4 cases of ectopic pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity with 1～4 periods of sequential treatments were cured.Except light gastroin- testinal response,and one had slight rise of serum ALT level and AST level,no one had rnyelosuppression and heavy hepatic injury.Conclusion The sequential therapy with methotrexate and mifepristone is an effective and safe method for the treatment to ectopic pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the midterm follow-up results of extended release of posterior clearance in total knee arthroplasty.

METHODSA total of 120 patients with knee osteoarthritis were equally randomly assigned to the experimental group and control group, and underwent unilateral TKA from March 2010 to March 2012. In experimental group, there were 21 males and 39 females with an average age of (62.2±10.9) years old. In the control group, there were 25 males and 35 females with an average age of (64.9±11.4) years old. All the patients were performed using the anterior knee approach. During operation, after osteotomy of the tibia and the femoral condyle, extended release of the posterior knee clearance were taken in experimental group, while only the clearance of osteophyte in the posterior condyle were performed in the control group. The KSS scores including knee functional score and knee clinical score,as well as the range of motion (ROM) of patients, were compared between the two groups at midterm follow-up.

RESULTSTotally 49 patients in the experimental group and 54 patients in the control group were followed up, and the median follow-up time was 46 months. The knee functional score of patients in the experimental group was 91.3±3.4, which was better than 86.4±3.9 of patients in the control group; initiative ROM of flexion of patients in the experimental group was (133.2±5.9)°, which was better than (126.9±7.4)° of patients in the control group. There were no significant difference of knee clinical score between 86.9±4.6 of patients in the experimental group and 85.7±5.1 of patients in the control group, and the initiative ROM of extension between (0.5±1.1)° and (0.3±1.2)°.

CONCLUSIONExtended release of the posterior knee clearance contributes to the knee function and initiative flexion ROM during a midterm follow-up and patients benefit.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular

The MS and multi-MS spectra of gambogic acid and gambogenic acid in positive ion detection mode were analyzed by electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-QITMS) and their cleavage patterns were summarized. Gamboge samples were separated by a Kromasil C18 column and analyzed by HPLC-PDA and MS. Sixteen xanthones could be separated and detected, A collision induced dissociation (CID) experiment was carried out. Molecular weight and UV spectra with of these compounds were obtained. Ten xanthone compounds in Gamboge were identified by online photodiode array detection-MS(n) and by comparing with data from literature. It is expected to develop a comprehensive quality control method for this kind of compounds in commonly used herbal preparation especially in structure analysis of trace substances.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Garcinia ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Xanthones ; analysis ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the incidence and risk factors of campus violence in Guangzhou.

METHODS2200 college students in three universities in Guangzhou were selected by cluster sampling method and were interviewed with self-designed questionnaire about the incidence and risk factors of campus violence in 2010. The final analysis sample was 2103. Chi-square test was used to analyze the gender, grade and major distribution of campus violence. Logistic regression method was used to analyze the influencing factors of campus violence in bully and victim.

RESULTSThe incidence of campus violence in Guangzhou was 69.9% (1471/2103). In boys and girls the incidence of campus violence was 75.6% (830/1098) and 63.8% (641/1005) (χ(2) = 34.82, P < 0.05). The incidence of bully and victim of campus violence was 63.6%(1338/2103) and 55.3% (1163/2103). The incidence of bully and victim in boys was 70.9%(778/1098) and 60.0%(659/1098), and in girls was 55.7% (560/1005) and 50.1% (504/1005) (χ(2)(bully) = 51.93, χ(2)(victim) = 20.68, P < 0.01). The incidence of psychological violence was the highest (68.0%, 1430/2103), followed by sexual violence (34.2%, 719/2103), the incidence of physical violence was the lowest (16.5%, 348/2103). Results of logistic regression showed that boys (OR = 1.60), arts (OR = 1.82), with siblings (OR = 1.31), the living expenses was not enough (basic enough OR = 1.35, not enough OR = 1.54), playing the computer games (OR = 1.70), playing tricks such as sliding plate (OR = 2.03), loving violence program (general OR = 1.30, very like OR = 1.44), mother with gamble behavior (OR = 4.29), father's indulgent education style (OR = 1.60), been bullied by others before high school (OR = 1.61), dissatisfaction to the environment and rules of campus (nothing special feeling OR = 1.67, some dissatisfaction OR = 1.89), been treated badly by primary school teacher (one kind OR = 1.35, two kinds and above OR = 1.90)were the risk factors of bully. Boys (OR = 1.23), minority (OR = 1.71), with siblings (OR = 1.39), bad behavior and habit (OR = 1.32), the bad family economic conditions (general OR = 1.51, difficult OR = 1.88), mother with gamble behavior (OR = 2.33), father's indulgent education style (OR = 1.37), occasional physical punishment by mother (OR = 1.35), been bullied by others before high school (sometimes OR = 1.61, often OR = 1.85), high pressure during the study (a little high OR = 1.37, very high OR = 1.40), dissatisfaction to the environment and rules of campus (some dissatisfaction OR = 1.56, completely dissatisfaction OR = 2.04), been treated badly by primary school teacher (one kind OR = 1.70, two kinds and above OR = 2.04)were the risk factors of being victim.

CONCLUSIONThe campus violence in Guangzhou is serious, especially the psychological violence and sexual violence. And the risk factors of campus violence in bully and victim are multifold.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Students ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities ; Violence ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ING1 gene mutation status in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC), and the association of p33(ING1b) protein expression with p53 protein expression. METHOD: DNA of LSCC tissue was extracted, and nucleotide of the second exon was amplified and sequenced to determine the chromosome status. The p23(ING1b) and p53 protein expression were detected by immunohistochemistry and the association between them were analyzed. RESULT: No mutation was detected in ING1 gene, but a single polymorphism from GGG to AGG at codon 170 of ING1 gene was found in 2 of the 25 LSCC tissues. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that 4 had positive p33(ING1b) expression. No association was found between p33(ING1b) expression and LSCC clinical features, or between p53 and clinical features. However, significant difference was found between p33(ING1b) and p53 expression. p33(ING1b) tended to be negative in p53 expression positive tissue. CONCLUSION ING1 gene mutation appears rare in LSCC. In normal physical condition, p33(ING1b) may play a synergistic effect with p53 protein.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Growth Protein 1 ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expressions of myogenic markers MyoD, myogenin,and desmin in skeletal muscle differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs).

METHODSMyogenic markers MyoD, myogenin,and desmin of hBM-MSCs cultured in vitro were detected by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. A total of 21 8-to-10 week-old immunosuppressed mdx mice were transplanted with 1x107 passage 5 of hBM-MSCs. The mice were euthanized 2-24 weeks after transplantation,and gastrocnemius muscle were analyzed for human MyoD, myogenin,desmin,and dystrophin (Dys) expressions by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe numbers of MyoD-,myogenin-,and desmin-positive cells per 100 hBM-MSCs were 23.5∓5.3, 30.7∓6.2, and 28.4∓5.7, respectively. MyoD, myogenin, and desmin mRNA was observed in passage 5 of hBM-MSCs. After two weeks of hBM-MSCs transplantation,a small number of MyoD-and myogenin-positive cells were observed in skeletal muscle of mdx mice,and desmin-positive cells were observed 4 weeks after transplantation. Expressions of MyoD and myogenin were detected in the muscle of mdx mice 2-4 weeks after hBM-MSCs transplantation, which reached a peak 12-16 weeks later. Desmin was expressed in the muscle of mdx mice 4-8 weeks after transplantation,with much more expression after 16 weeks of transplantation. A small number of Dys-positive cell and Dys mRNA expression were presented in the muscle of mdx mice 4 and 8 weeks after hBM-MSCs transplantation,respectively. The expression of Dys in the muscle of mdx mice increased gradually after transplantation.

CONCLUSIONhBM-MSCs have the potential of myogenic differentiation in vitro and contribute to myogenic conversion in xenogeneic animal,during which the up-regulation of MyoD and myogenin expressions may play an important role.

Animals ; Biomarkers ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Desmin ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred mdx ; Muscle, Skeletal ; cytology ; metabolism ; MyoD Protein ; metabolism ; Myogenin ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation