Along with contemporary development of life support technology in perinatology and neo-natal intensive care,mortality of preterm infants has been reduced.However,the problems caused by the brain damage have been attracting more and more attention.The long-term outcome of prematures depends on their nervous system sequelae among the total complications.Preterm infants'brain damage mainly includes intravent-ricular hemorrhage(IVH)and periventricular leukomalacia(PVL).IVH and its complications are the main causes of early death,mental and physical developmental disorder of neonatals.Thus,the early diagnosis of brain dam-age,especially PVL,has become a serious problem that we are going to face.The scholars in or aboard hao payed close attention to these markers,such as MBP、S100B、ACT A、NF-L、NGB、MMP、IL-6、IL-10、IL-1 1 、NSE.The paper reviews these biological markers.

Objective By analyzing academic publications written by young doctors in a University Affiliated Hospital during 2013-2015,todescribe the characteristics and rules,and analyze the influencing factors,and to build a basis for providing better service and making effective incentive policies.Methods Materials were collected from questionnaire survey and administrative departments,SPSS software was used to analyze the relationship between factors and the numbers of academic papers.Results 214 young doctors published 486 papers in 2013-2015.Results show that people with senior titles and supervise the graduate students,as the PIs of research projects,as a research team PI,fixed time for research,belonging to mature science research team,interdisciplinary cooperation,cooperation with other units,would be able to have more publications.Conclusions Management staffs should know that research fund is important to young doctors to start and follow-up their research work;they Should help the research team to develop and mature,should help young doctors to find and integrate into the research team;ensure young doctors have fixed research time by making policy,should help young doctors to form the good habit of research;Strengthen cross disciplinary construction,help young doctors to carry out inter unit and inter professional collaboration.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma (RRR) and carbonized Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma (CRRR) on the acute blood stasis rat model, and reveal their differences in efficacy.

METHODThe acute blood stasis model was induced by subcutaneously injecting adrenaline hydrochloride and soaking in ice water. Yunnan Baiyao was used as the positive control drug, and administered for consecutively seven days. This model was adopted to observe the effect of high, middle and low dose RRR and CRRR groups on hemorheology, thrombin activity, and blood platelet system.

RESULTRRR could significantly reduce the wholeblood viscosity and plasma viscosity of blood stasis rats under different shear rates, and showed certain two-way regulating function in hemostasis. It also showed certain effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation rate, but which was lower than CRRR. CRRR achieved the main hemostatic mechanism by stimulating intrinsic and extrinsic blood coagulation and fibrinogen, and could significantly enhance the platelet aggregation rate of rats in the acute blood stasis model (P <0. 01).

CONCLUSIONRRR had the effect of removing blood stasis and hemostasis, while CRRR mainly has the hemostatic effect. This further demonstrates the traditional processing theory of "promoting blood circulation with crude herbs and stopping bleeding with processed herbs".

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha ; blood ; Animals ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Carbon ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rubia ; chemistry ; Thromboxane B2 ; blood

Objective To study the relationships of plasma myelin basic protein (MBP) and S100B level with periventricular hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (PVH-IVH) and periventricular leucumalacia (PVL) in preterm infants.Methods There were 385 cases of preterm infants whose gestational age was less than 34 weeks and were admitted in NICUs of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou Huadu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Dongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University from Jan.2010 to Jun.2013,enrolled in the study.The plasma levels of S100B and MBP protein were detected within 24 hours and on the 3rd,7th,14th day after birth.Cranial ultrasound (US) was preformed 2-3 d,1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks and 4 weeks after birth.They also received Cranial MRI examination before discharge or when the correct gestational age reached 40 weeks.According to the exclusion standard 73 cases were excluded.The included 312 cases were divided into 3 groups (no brain damage group,PVH-IVH group and PVL group) according to the result of cranial US and MRI.The differences of the plasma levels of S100B and MBP protein among each groups were compared,and the relationship of the plasma levels of S100B and MBP protein in no brain damage group with gestational age were analyzed.Results The results of cranial ultrasound and/or MRI showed:204 cases had no brain damage (put in no brain damage group),69 cases had PVH-IVH (put in PVH-IVH group),and 27 cases had PVL,12 cases had PVL and PVH-IVH (both put in PVL group).The plasma level of S100B:within 24h and 3 d after birth,the serum levels of S100B in PVH-IVH group were significantly higher than those in no brain damage group (P ＜ 0.05) ; and the plasma levels of S100B in PVL group were significantly higher than those in no brain damage group and PVH-IVH group (all P ＜ 0.05).On 7 d and 14 d after birth,there were no significant differences between PVH-IVH group and no brain damage group (P ＞ 0.05) ;and the plasma levels of S100B of PVL group were still significantly higher than those in no brain damage group and PVH-IVH group (all P ＜0.05).The plasma levels of MBP:within 24 h,3 d,7 d and 14 d after birth,there were no significant differences between PVH-IVH group and no brain damage group (all P ＞ 0.05) ; and the plasma levels of MBP in PVL group were significantly higher than those in no brain damage group and PVH-IVH group (all P ＜ 0.05).Correlation analysis of gestational age and S100B and MBP:the plasma level of S100B in no brain damage group had negative correlation with gestational age (r =-0.483,P =0.006).The plasma level of MBP had no correlation with gestational age (r =-0.295,P =0.105).Conclusions The plasma levels of S100B and MBP increased significantly in preterm infants with brain damage within 24 h after birth,and the plasma levels of S100B and MBP of PVL infants were much higher than PVH-IVH infants.The increased plasma levels of S100B and MBP of PVL infants lasted longer than PVH-IVH infants.The increase of plasma levels of S100B and MBP in preterm infants would have certain clinical significance for judging whether early brain damage and PVL would happen.

Objective To understand the change of hydrological regime in the Yangtze River and schistosomiasis endemic situation after the implementation of Three Gorges Project in Hubei Province. Methods The data of hydrological regime of the Yangtze River,schistosomiasis epidemic situation,and Oncomelania hupensis snail status were collected and analyzed in Hu-bei Province from 2002 to 2012. Results After the implementation of the Three Gorges Project in 2003,the water level of the Yangtze River slightly rose from January to March,the average water level in May and August both reduced compared with that in 2002,and the time of water withdrawal was moved up. The endemic situation of schistosomiasis showed a decline tendency in areas along the Yangtze River in Hubei Province. The positive rate of serological tests in the residents and the Schistosoma ja-ponicum infection rate in bovine decreased by 2.97%and 92.64%respectively. The numbers of human and bovine infected with S. japonicum decreased by 48.35%and 94.48%,respectively. Conclusion After the implementation of the Three Gorges Proj-ect,the schistosomiasis endemic situation shows a decline tendency in the areas along the Yangtze River in Hubei Province ,but the long-term monitoring still need to be carried out.

Objective To understand the dynamic schistosomiasis situation in Hubei Province so as to provide the evidence for formulating the effective control strategy. Methods According to the Scheme of Schistosomiasis Surveillance in Hubei Province the 2009 edition 207 endemic villages were selected and investigated for the schistosome infections of residents and livestock and the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails. Results The average infection rates of residents and cattle were 0.35% and 0.15% respectively and the endemic situation of fishermen and farmers were relatively serious 0.44% and 0.42% respectively . The density of living snails was 0.30 snail/0.1m2 but no infected snails were found. Conclusion The en-demic situation of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province was stable in 2013 but the efforts for the infectious source control still should be strengthened.

Objective To quantify the neurons in the temporal lobe white matter and find their distribution in the neurologically normal individuals.Methods The temporal lobe at the level of exterior geniculata body from brain autopsy samples of 14 neurologically normal individuals were made into large slice followed by quantitative analysis of neuron density,cell density,ratio and diameter of the neuronal nuclear and the distribution of white matter neurons using two-dimensional cell counting methods.Results With the depth of the white matter of the temporal lobe increasing,the neuron density decreased from 29.26 neurons/ mm~2 to 7.32 neurons/mm~2 and 0.00 neurons/mm~2,respectively;the cell density,neuron ratio and diameter of the neuronal nuclei all decreased.Conclusion There are neurons in the temporal lobe white matter of neurologically normal individuals,whose distribution of neurons is related to the depth of white matter.

Objective To investigate the expression of Foxp3~+ lymphocytes in breast carcinoma tissues and their correlation with other pathological factors,and to investigate the mechanism of action of Treg cells.Methods The expression of Foxp3~+ lymphocytes in the breast cancer tissue and non-cancerous tissue was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) in 30 breast carcinoma patients, and its correlation with other pathological factors was statistically analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis.The expression of TGF-β and IL-10 in the lymphocytes infiltrated in breast cancer tissue and non-cancerous tissue was measured by immunohistochemistry, and their correlation with the expression of Foxp3~+ lymphocytes was statistically analyzed by linear correlation dependability analysis. Results There was significant difference in the expression of Foxp3~+ lymphocytes between the malignant and non-cancerous breast tissues(P<0.05),and it was positively correlated with the clinical stage,blood vessel invasion and the matter of axillary lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). The expression of IL-10 in the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was positively correlated with the expression of Foxp3~+ lymphocytes(P<0.05).Conclusion The expression level of Foxp3~+ lymphocytes is correlated with invasion and metastasis of breast carcinoma, and the IL-10 secreted by Foxp3~+ lymphocytes may be involved in this effect.Foxp3~+ lymphocytes can be used as an assistant marker for prediction and new therpeutic target of breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the value of serum E2 levels during COH in predicting IVF-ET outcome. Method Data from 311 IVF-ET cycles received long protocol were collected and analyzed according to E 2 levels 5 days after stimulation:Group A (E2≤500 pmol/L), Group B (500 2 000 pmol/L). Results In groups with E2>1 000 pmol/L, the conditions of oocyte and embryo are higher than E2<1 000 pmol/L. With the increase of E2 levels, period cancellation rate increases. When E2> 2 000 pmol/L, the pregnancy rate become lowest. Conclusion E2 levels among 1 000~1 500 pmol/L during early COH predicts a better pregnancy outcome.

Objective To analyze the surveillance results of schistosomiasis and understand the transmission situation in Hu?bei Province in 2014. Methods According to the Scheme of Schistosomiasis Surveillance in Hubei Province(the 2009 edi?tion),207 endemic sites were selected,where the schistosome infections of residents and livestock,and the distribution of On?comelania hupensis snails were investigated. Results In the 207 sites,there were 27 sites without positive results of the blood tests and 129 sites without positive results of the stool tests. The infection rates of residents and cattle were 0.17%and 0,respec?tively. The density of living snails was 0.339 3 snails/0.1m2,the rate of living snails was 10.12%,and the infection rate of snails was 0. The infection rate of residents in the inner embankment type was 0.22%,higher than the rates in the other types. In differ?ent age groups,the infection rate in the 50-59 years age group was higher than the rates in other age groups. The infection rates of residents in farmer and fisherman were higher than those in the other occupation groups. The infection rate of floating people was 0,and no acute schistosomiasis patients were found. Conclusion The endemic situation of schistosomiasis has decreased obviously in Hubei Province,and the whole province has achieved the criteria for transmission control of schistosomiasis.