Background In China,esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) share susceptibility loci,but different rates of multiple primary cancer and male/female ratio suggest the proportion of familial cancer is not equal.Methods The percent of cases with a positive family history,median onset age,rate of multiple primary cancer,and male/female ratio associated with upper,middle,lower third ESCC and GCA were compared to reveal the proportion of familial cancer.The 7267 subjects analyzed constituted all ESCC and GCA cases in whom the cancer was resected with cure intention between 1970 and 1994 at the 4th Hospital of Hebei Medical University.Results A positive family history for cancer was most often associated with the multiple primary ESCC and/or GCA cases,e.g.with 42％ of the males and 59％ of the females.For upper,middle,lower third ESCC and GCA,the percent of cases with a positive family history decreased by 38.5％,26.3％,26.5％,and 11.2％ in males (P ＜0.000) and 25.0％,22.3％,23.9％,and 9.8％ in females (P ＜0.0001).Median onset age increased from 49,52,55,to 56 years old in males and from 50,53,55,to 56 years old in females (both P ＜0.0001) for upper,middle,lower third ESCC and GCA.Male/female ratio increased from 2.2,2.1,2.2,to 6.2:1 for upper,middle,lower third ESCC and GCA (P＜0.0001).For upper,middle,lower third ESCC and GCA,the percent of multiple primary cancers decreased from 21.2％,2.3％,2.2％,to 1.5％ in males and from 14.3％,2.4％,3.4％,to 3.1％ in females.The preponderance of males,smoking,drinking,or onset-age ≥50 years was significantly higher in GCA than in ESCC,and the difference in the rates of multiple primary cancers between the preponderant and the non-preponderant cases was significant in GCA,but not in ESCC,suggesting non-equal requirement for genetic susceptibility when environmental hazards did not exist.Conclusions The proportion of familial cancer in upper gastrointestinal carcinomas decreases by the priamry site of upper,middle,lower third esophagus and gastric cardia.Considering familial and sporadic cancers differ in preventability,screening strategy and recurrence,our findings have basic and clinical implications.

Animals ; Calcitriol ; pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Liver ; drug effects ; Liver Diseases ; complications ; drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

A 2,4 -dichlorophenol degrading Pseudomonas strain GI241-1 was isolated from a soil sample. The dienelactone hydrolase gene, designated as dcpD which encodes dienelactone hydrolase involved in transforming cis-2-chloro-dienelactone into 2-chloromaleylacetic acid, was cloned from this bacterium strain. The gene cloning strategy was to construct genomic library after location of its neighbouring gene by Southem blot and to screen the aim transformant by dot blotting. Sequencing results showed that length of dcpD is 702bp. The sequence of dcpD and the deduced amino acid are different from the relative sequences registered in the GenBank.

Objective To explore the effect of vitamin D deficiency and falls on osteoporotic fracture (OPF) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods A total of 852 patients with RA were recruited, anteroposterior and lateral X-rays examination of vertebral column were conducted for every patient.Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and bone mineral density (BMD) of all the vertebrae of lumbar were exam-ined.Clinical and laboratory index of patients were recorded in details meanwhile.Data of 156 normal subjects during the same period were collected as the control group.Numerical data and categorical data comparisons were analyzed using t test, x2 test, single factor analysis of variance test, linear correlation and Logistic regression analysis test.Results ① The prevalence of vertebral OPF in RA was 16.1％(137/852).Compared to RA without OPF, patients with OPF had lower serum 25(OH)D levels [(14±4) ng/ml vs (18±7) ng/ml, t=2.898, P=0.004].② The occurrence rate of falls in RA patients was 19.7％(36/183).Patients with falls had lower serum 25(OH)D levels [(14±4) ng/ml vs (18±6) ng/ml, t=2.854, P=0.005].③ The prevalence of falls in RA with vertebral OPF was higher than that in RA without OPF (38.1％ vs 14.2％,x2=11.708, P=0.001).④ Linear correlation analysis found that serum levels of 25 (OH)D was positively correlated with total lumbar region BMD in RA patients.⑤ Logistic regression analysis revealed that age [OR=1.124, P=0.002, 95％CI: (1.045, 1.209)]and usage of glucocorticostroid (GC) [OR=6.724, P=0.031,95％CI: (1.196, 37.813)] were the risk factors for occurrence of OPF in RA, while serum 25 (OH) D level [OR=0.850, P=0.046, 95％CI: (0.725, 0.997)] was the protective factor.Conclusion Spinal OPF in patients with RA is clearly related with vitamin deficiency, falls and usage of GC.

AIM:To investigate the effect of vitrectomy in treatment of metal intraocular foreign bodies and the factors affecting visual prognosis.
METHODS:Fourty seven cases ( 48 eyes ) with foreign bodies from January 2010 to June 2013 in our hospital underwent vitrectomy combined with intraocular foreign body removal were retrospectively analyzed. The changes of visual acuity, the size of foreign body, the complications of preoperative, and the relationship between treatment time and visual acuity were recorded.RESULTS: Totally 46 eyes were successfully removed the complete foreign body, 2 eyes of orbital foreign bodies had not been removed. After 6mo of followed-up, the best corrected visual acuity were all improved in varying degrees (P<0. 05), intraocular foreign body size combined with retinal detachment was the risk factor for visual impact (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:Vitrectomy has obvious advantages in the treatment of metal intraocular foreign bodies. Timely and appropriate vitrectomy is very important to the recovery of visual function.

To observe the expression of N - cadherin and fibronectin in retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE) cells in vitro under high glucose conditions, furthermore, to explore the effects of high glucose on epithelial -mesenchymal transition (EMT) in RPE cells.
●METHODS: Human RPE (hRPE) cells were cultured in vitro. Containing a final concentration of 60mmol/ L glucose was used for high glucose treatment. The cells were divided into normal glucose group (5. 5mmol/ L, NG) and high glucose group (24, 48 and 72h) respectively. The expression of N - cadherin and fibronectin in hRPE cells were evaluated by immunofluorescence and real -time PCR.
●RESULTS:RPE cells became disorganized and swollen over time under high glucose conditions, especially in 72h subgroup. lmmunohistochemical analysis revealed that the expression of N - cadherin in RPE cells under high glucose conditions was decreased compared with that in the control group, while the expression of fibronectin was increased. Real - time PCR results showed that the expression of N - cadherin mRNA in high glucose group was decreased at 24h compared with that in the control group, and declined markedly at 72h ( F = 12. 252, P =0. 000). There were no significant differences between the control group and the high glucose group at 24h, while the differences between the control group and the high glucose group (48 and 72h) were significant respectively (P < 0. 05 ). Meanwhile, the expression of fibronectin mRNA in RPE cells was increased in high glucose group at 24h, and reached the peak at 72h (F = 50. 543, P = 0. 000). There were no significant differences between the control group and the high glucose group at 24h. Compared with the control group, the expression of fibronectin mRNA in hRPE cells was increased significantly in high glucose group (48 and 72h) respectively (P= 0. 000, P= 0. 000).
●CONCLUSlON: The expression of epithelium marker N-cadherin is down - regulated under high glucose conditions in hRPE cells in vitro. Meanwhile, the expression of mesenchymal maker fibronectin is induced and appeared to EMT changes. Results of this study will enrich our growing understanding in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and hopefully lead to novel insights for the pathogenesis and therapeutic treatments.

Objective： To investigate the immune regulation of flavonoid of Astragalus membranaceus's stem and leaf(FAM-sl). Methods： Changes of total T cell count and subsets in mice were determined by monoclonal antibody assay before and after treatment with FAM-sl, and the lymphokine activated killer cell (LAK) activity was tested simultaneously by isotope label method.Results： FAM-sl could promote the proliferation of lymphocytes induced by ConA, raise the total T cell count and regulate the T cell subsets disturbance, and elevate the LAK activity induced by recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2).Conclusion： FAM-sl possesses effects of immune stimulation and immune regulation in treating immunosuppressive mice. This study provides experimental evidence for clinical application of FAM-sl.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of NOB1 gene on proliferation and apoptosis of human colon cancer cell line RKO by RNA interference.

METHODSSmall interference RNA(siRNA) targeting NOB1 gene was cloned into lentivirus vector. Then the lentivirus particles expressing NOB1 short harpin RNA(shRNA) were infected into RKO cells. Real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to examine the expression of NOB1 in lentivirus infected cells. The Thermo Scientific Cellomics ArrayScan VTI HCS Reader was used to test the proliferation and colony-formation of RKO cells, and flow cytometry assay was performed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. Xenograft tumor was established by injection of RKO cells into nude mice, then NOB1-shRNA was injected into the tumor and tumor volume was detected.

RESULTSCompared to negative controls, the expression levels of NOB1 mRNA and protein were both significantly down-regulated, the proliferation and colony-forming capacity of RKO cells were significantly inhibited, and cell apoptosis was increased after 3 days of NOB1-shRNA lentivirus infection(all P<0.05). The tumor volume was significantly smaller in NOB1-shRNA group than that in Scr-shRNA group[(405±102) mm(3) vs.(870±165) mm(3), P<0.05].

CONCLUSIONSilencing NOB1 gene by RNA interference may provide an inhibitive effect on human colon cancer development.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex chronic progressive disease attacked by biological and mechanical factors and a result from the anabolic and catabolic imbalance in chondrocyte, subchondral bone and extracellular matrix(ECM). Etiology and pathological of OA are not yet entirely clear. The degradation and destruction of collagen II caused by matrix metalloproteinase -13 (MMP-13) is considered the core factor in the occurrence and development of OA. The research of MMP-13 inhibitor provide ideas and methods for the treatment of OA. In this article,the role and determination of MMP-13 in OA and the development prospect of MMP-13 inhibitor in the treatment of OA research progress were reviewed.
Animals ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 ; analysis ; physiology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Osteoarthritis ; drug therapy ; etiology

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult