Cytokines and peptides produced and released by muscle cells and exert either autocrine,paracrine or endocrine effects are defined as myokines.Myokines are capable of exerting specific endocrine effects on organs such as adipose tissue,liver,pancreas and bone,thereby impacting the structure and function of numerous organs and tissues,as well as playing an important role in the maintenance of biological homeostasis.So far,researches have confirmed hundreds of different myokines,including irisin,myonectin,myostatin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),which can affect glucose and lipid metabolism,as well as energy equilibrium.The generation、physiology、mechanism of action and potential clinical value of these metabolism-associated myokines will be reviewed in this article.

Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the world and,prevalence of hypertension is increasing with aging.Hypertension in the elderly is associated with increased occurrence rates of sodium sensitivity,isolated systolic hypertension,and 'white coat effect'.Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction also increase with age.These factors should be considered in selecting antihypertensive therapy.The prime objective of this therapy is to prevent stroke.The fmdings of controlled trials show that there should be no cut-off age for treatment.A holistic program for controlling cardiovascular risks should be fully discussed with the patient,including evaluation to exclude underlying causes of secondary hypertension,and implementation of lifestyle measures.The choice of antihypertensive drug therapy is influenced by concomitant disease and previous medication history,but will typically include a thiazide diuretic as the first-line agent;to this will be added an angiotensin inhibitor and/or a calcium channel blocker.Beta blockers are not generally recommended,in part because they do not combat the effects of increased arterial stiffness.The hypertension-hypoten-sion syndrome requires case-specific management.Drug-resistant hypertension is important to differentiate from faulty compliance with medication.Patients resistant to the third-line drug therapy may benefit from treatment with extended-release isosorbide mononitrate.A trial of spironolactone may also be worthwhile.

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) can effectively treat symptomatic carotid stenosis, however, perioperative stroke is the most important complication of CEA. The microemboli generated before and after the operation are the most important reason for causing perioperative stroke. In addition, the hypoperfusion and postoperative hyperperfusion syndrome caused by intraoperative clipping of carotid artery, as well as carotid restenosis or occlusion after CEA are all the causes of perioperative stroke. As a non-invasive, real-time monitoring tool, transcranial Doppler (TCD) can be widely used in intraoperative monitoring of CEA, It is able to detect a variety of perioperative blood flow changes and the production of microemboli, and thus effectively predicts the occurrence of perioperative stroke, and decreases the risks of perioperative stroke.

Objective Good culture sense of patient safety among the hospital staff is in close relation with the improvement of medical quality and patient safety .The article was to provide evidence for the culture management of patient safety and related stud -ies.Methods We searched the main databases Pub Med , Chinese Bio-medical Literature Database , CNKI, Wan-Fang database with the key word safety environment,safety culture,safety approach,evaluate,assessment,situation analysis,analy-sis. Results 50 literatures were collected.The assessment tools could be divided into self-made questionnaire (13, 26%), im-proved questionnaire (16, 32%), chineselized foreign questionnaire (21, 42%).The main researchers (84%) and study objects (66%) were nurses.48 (96%) investigation and descriptive study were about patient safety culture;only 2 documents made compari-son before and after the patient safety culture cultivation . Conclusion The research of patient safety culture in our country is rising currently, while the development of assessment tools is still at exploration stage .The width and depth of related research should be fur-ther broadened .

OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of chloramphenicol content in chloramphenicol vaginal soft capsule.METHODS: The sample was separated on Kromasil C18 column with 0.1% sodium heptanesulfonate solution-acetonitrile(77∶23) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 272 nm;The sample size was 10 ?L and the column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃.RESULTS: The linear range of chloramphenicol was 0.079～0.113 mg?mL-1(r=0.999 6) and its average recovery rate was 99.38%(RSD=0.42%).CONCLUSION: The method was proved to be specific,sensitive,accurate in results and suitable for the determination of chloramphenicol content in chloramphenicol vaginal soft capsule.

Objective To explore the prognostic factors of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Methods 139 cases of advanced non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed in sex,age,clinical stage,pathology and therapylAll the cases were cytopathologically or histopathologically proved.Product limit method was used to calculate the survival rate,its significance was tested by Log-rank test,factors related to the prognosis were analyzed by the method of Cox regression analysis.Results The overall median survival time was 8 months,6-month survival rate was 59.9%,12-month survival rate was 35.8%,24-month survival rate was 14.3%.The 24-month survival rate was 46.4%in treatment with operatiom plus chemotherapy,32.2% in chemotherapy plus radiotherapy,9.5%in treatment with chemotherapy alone,3.0%in treatment with best supportive care(P＜0.05).Conclusion Different treatments are important factors affecting prognosis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of treating chloasma with acupuncture and bloodletting therapy.Methods 176 cases with chloasma were recruited into two groups randomly. Acupuncture and bloodletting therapy was adopted in the treatment group (90 cases), and exclusive acupuncture was applied in the control group (86 cases). Results The effective rate was 96.7% in the treatment group and 51.2% in the control group. There was a significant statistical difference between two groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion The treatment of acupuncture and bloodletting therapy has a definite therapeutic effect on chloasma, being worthy of spread.

Objective To investigate the expression of lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting collagen typeⅠ (Col Ⅰ) in rat mesangial cells.MethodsThe Col Ⅰ shRNA lentivirus vector was constructed with three-plasmids packaging approach which encoding human/rat homology Col Ⅰ gene.Rat mesangial cells were infected by infection enhancer (control group),the empty lentiviral vector (pSC-GFP group),and lentiviral expression vector (pSC-GFP/ColⅠ group),respectively.Infection efficiency in the three groups was detected with flow cytometry,and the expression of Col Ⅰ mRNA and protein in the three groups was respectively detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.ResultsRat mesangial cells were efficiently infected in pSC-GFP group and pSC-GFP/Col Ⅰ group.The infection efficiency was 72.42% in pSC-GFP group and 75.42% in pSC-GFP/Col Ⅰ group.RT-PCR showed that the expression of Col Ⅰ mRNA in pSC-GFP/Col Ⅰ group was significantly lower than that in control group and pSC-GFP group (P

Objective: To explore the main active components, key targets and signaling pathways of Qingfei Dayuan Granules in treating of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: TCMSP, ETCM and YATCM databases were used to search the chemical constituents of Qingfei Dayuan Granules, and the threshold values of OB ≥ 30% and DL ≥0.18 were used to screen the potential active compounds. SIB and STITCH databases were used to query the targets corresponding to the active compounds, and the PPI network and network topology parameters were obtained by using STRING database. Cytoscape 3.6.0 was used to screen the hub targets. The key targets were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and tissue enrichment using DAVID 6.8 software. The molecular docking was performed by AutoDock Tools 1.5.6 software. Results: A total of 251 active compounds and 1 037 targets were obtained, 107 key targets and 185 corresponding compounds were screened. The key targets involved ESR1, AR, EGFR, KDR, MMP2, and 52 genes were coexpressed with ACE2. The results of GO function enrichment analysis showed that Qingfei Dayuan Granules mainly regulated the biological processes of cell surface signaling transduction, molecular function, phosphorylation and transcription. KEGG pathway enrichment mainly involved chemokine signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, B cell receptor signaling pathway, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity and Toll like receptor signaling pathway. The results of tissue enrichment showed that the key gene expression sites were mainly in lung and epithelial cells, involving a variety of immune cells, such as T cells, B cells, lymphocytes, etc. Molecular docking showed that the compounds with good binding power to SARS-CoV-2-RBD-ACE2 complex in Qingfei Dayuan granules were mainly come from Bupleuri Radix, Codonopsis Radix, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Saikosaponin, glycyrrhizic acid, anemarsaponin had good binding power with SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD-ACE2, which may be potential active components against SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: Qingfei Dayuan Granules has the characteristics of multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathway regulation. Saikosaponin, glycyrrhizic acid, and anemarsaponin may be the potential active components against SARS-CoV-2. The mechanisms of its treatment against COVID-19 may be related to the regulation of the co-expressed genes with ACE2, inhibition of inflammation and immune related signaling pathways, and the destruction of the complex structure of SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD-ACE2.

·Corneal neovascularization ( CNV) is one of the most important causes that affecting corneal transparency, and it is a high risk factor of allogeneic corneal graft rejection. lt has become a research focus for the regulation of CNV. microRNAs are a class of endogenous non-protein-coding micromolecule RNAs which play a critical role in regulating a series of life process.Researches in recent years show a close correlation between microRNA and CNV.ln this article we reviewed the recent advances in these researches.