Objective To investigate the clinical significance of homocysteine(Hcy) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with diabetic retinopathy.Methods From March 2013 to February 2015,a total of 168 patients with diabetes from Beijing Jishuitern Hospital were divided into diabetic retinopathy group (76 cases,32 male,44 female,average age 62.97 ± 12.46) and non-diabetic retinopathy group (92 cases,46male,46 female,average age 58.14 ± 13.71),and 65 cases of healthy subjects (46male,46 female,average age 60.24 ± 10.85) were enrolled as normal control group as well.Hcy and HbA1c were detected in all groups.Multiple independent samples nonparametric tests were used to compare the difference between groups.The concentrations of Hcy and HbA1c between DR group and NDR group were analysised by ROC curve analysis.Result The Hcy levels in normal control group,NDR group and DR group were 7.00 (4.55-10.50) μmol/L,12.45 (10.30-15.10) μmol/L,20.10 (16.63-25.68) μmol/L respectively.The HbA1c levels in normal control group,NDR group and DR group were 5.30 (5.00-5.70) ％,6.80 (5.83-8.03) ％,7.25 (6.50-8.60) ％ respectively.There was no significant difference in Hay and HbA1c levels between groups (P ＜ 0.01);Compared with non-diabetic retinopathy group,levels of Hcy,HbA1c in diabetic retinopathy group were obviously higher;The optimal diagnostic cut-off values of Hcy was 14.35 μmol/L,at this cut-off value,the sensitivity was 96.05％,specificity was 68.48％;The optimal diagnostic cut-off values of HbA1c was 6.05％,at this cut-off value,the sensitivity was 98.68％,specificity was31.25％.Conclusion Patients with Diabetic retinopathy might have hyperhomocystinemia,and detection of Hcy may contribute to the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy.

AIM: To explore the relationship between intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)expression in endothelial cells(EC) and advanced glycosylation end products(AGEs) stimulation. METHODS: Murine bone marrow derived ECs was stimulated by AGEs after pretreated with anti-AGEs, anti-IL-1? and N-acetylcysteine(NAC),then SOD activity and ICAM-1 concentration and adhesion rate(AR) were evaluated. RESULTS: ECs which expressed ICAM-1[(0.65?0.14) vs (0.11?0.02)] induced by AGEs showed lower SOD activity [(0.69?0.19)?10 3 U/L vs (1.71?0.42)?10 3 U/L]. The ICAM-1 expression as well as the increase of AR caused by AGEs stimulation could be suppressed by anti-AGEs(0.12?0.01) and NAC(0.11?0.05). Anti-IL-1? had no influence on these changes. CONCLUSION: AGEs could induce endothelial cells to express ICAM-1 in vitro, most probably due to the formation of free radicals. Besides, AGEs may stimulate other cells to secrete cytokines resulting in ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment according to syndrome differentiation on acute radio-reaction (ARR) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.

METHODSOne hundred and ninety-five NPC patients who received radiotherapy (RT) for the first time were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (89 cases) was treated by RT alone for 7 weeks and the treatment group (106 cases) was treated by RT combined with oral taking TCM from starting of RT till 5 weeks after RT. The overall changes in total ARR score and ARR in different locations were observed weekly and compared.

RESULTSThe total ARR score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). And the ARR scores of different organs, including skin, oropharyngeal mucosa, salivary glands, larynx, car, upper digestive tract, and central nervous system, in the treatment group were all lower than those of the corresponding organs in the control group. In addition, the ARR scores in both groups showed an ascending trend in the first 7 weeks and a descending trend from the 8th to the 10th week after beginning RT.

CONCLUSIONTCM treatment could relieve the ARR in the NPC patients without any affection on the efficacy of RT.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Phytotherapy ; Radiation Injuries ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; Syndrome ; Treatment Outcome

Actins ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Giant Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Osteoclasts ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of gonorrhea in Nanshan District of Shenzhen, and provide a scientific basis for making control strategies.Methods An epidemiological analysis was performed on gonorrhea cases reported in Nanshan District of Shenzhen from January 2005 to December 2016, the autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)model was used to predict the incidence trend.Results In Nanshan District, a total of 9 590 cases of gonorrhea were reported from2005 to 2016, the reported incidence ranged from59.45/100, 000to 102.74/100, 000, the average annual reported incidence was 78.79/100, 000. 88.06％of cases mainly concentrated in 20-45 years old, 70.23％ of occupations were mainly workers, official staff and houseworks.The monthly incidence of gonorrhea ranged 2.84/100, 000-10.56/100, 000.The ARIMA (1, 1, 1)model was constructed to predict the incidence of gonorrhea in Nanshan District of Shenzhen in 2017, it showed that the fluctuation of predicted incidence and actual incidence of gonorrhea in January-May 2017 was basically the same, the actual incidence was slightly higher than the predicted value, but it was in the 95％confidence interval of the predicted value.Conclusion The epidemic situation of gonorrhea in this area is serious, ARIMA model can more accurately predict the trend of gonorrhea, the prediction results suggest that the incidence of gonorrhea is maintained at a high level, so effective measures based on epidemiological features are urgently needed to control gonorrhea.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of occupational stress on hypertension.

METHODS498 workers whose accumulative length of service was more than two years were investigated with questionnaire by method of cluster sampling from a thermal power plant in Henan province in China; 446 respondents returned qualified questionnaire including 281 male and 165 female Han People. After the patients with secondary hypertension, diabetes patients, and patients with liver or kidney disease were excluded, 84 workers (58 males and 26 females) were diagnosed as hypertension. The occupational stressors, personalities, buffering factors and occupational strain were measured by using the Job Demand-control Model, the Effort-reward Imbalance Model questionnaires and Occupational Stress Measurement Scale. Main risk factors for the development of hypertension such as heredity, body mass index, high salt diet, alcohol use, smoking habit and lack of physical activity were investigated. 498 whole blood samples were collected from workers in field epidemiologic survey. All of the samples were detected TG, CHO and FPG by common biochemistry methods. Multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between occupational stressors and prevalence rate of hypertension. The difference of morbidity of hypertension between different stress level subjects was analyzed by chi2 test.

RESULTS(1) Logistic regression analysis of the hypertension by all occupational stressors and risk factors of hypertension indicated that not only some common factors such as parents' hypertensive history, BMI, alcohol use and TG, but also responsibility for person, work locus of control and social support were significantly correlated with elevated risks of hypertension. (2) Logistic regression analysis of the hypertension by main dimensions of effort-reward imbalance model and risk factors of hypertension indicated that parents' hypertensive history, BMI, alcohol use, TG, and effort were significantly correlated with elevated risks of hypertension. Logistic regression analysis indicated the risk of hypertension had an effect on the FRI and effort (OR was 1.71 and 2.43 respectively). (3) For the job strain model, results indicated that parents' hypertensive history, UMI, alcohol use, TG, work locus of control and social support were significantly correlated with elevated risks of hypertension. But the main dimensions of job strain model (job demands and decision latitude) didn't enter regression equation. (4) The difference of prevalence of hypertension between high- and low stress level groups in male was statistically significant (OR = 3.13, P < 0.01), but the case was not the same in female (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOccupational stress might be risk factor of hypertension; The predictive power of effort-reward imbalance model for the development of hypertension would be larger than that of job strain model.

Adult ; Burnout, Professional ; complications ; Chi-Square Distribution ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; etiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Sampling Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between leukotriene expression in blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in children with asthma.

METHODSThirty-two children with asthma (5-12 years) and ten healthy children (control group) were enrolled. The asthmatic children were subdivided into ICS well-controlled and ICS poorly-controlled groups based on their clinical symptoms and lung function. The level of leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4S) mRNA in PMNL was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The level of LTC4S mRNA was expressed by the value of qCt, and the value of qCt was diversely correlated with the level of LTC4S mRNA expression. The concentration of urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) was measured using ELISA.

RESULTSThe expression of LTC4S mRNA in PMNL was significantly higher in children with asthma (qCt: 1.12+/-0.27) than that in the control group (qCt: 1.42+/-0.12; P< 0.05). The expression of LTC4S mRNA in PMNL in the ICS poorly-controlled group (qCt: 1.03+/-0.17) was significantly higher than that in the ICS well-controlled group (qCt: 1.24+/-0.33; P< 0.05) and the control group(1.42+/-0.12; P< 0.01). There was no significant difference in the level of urinary LTE4 among the the ICS poorly-controlled, the ICS well-controlled and the control groups.

CONCLUSIONSLTC4S mRNA expression in PMNL in asthmatic children increases, and the LTC4S mRNA expression in the ICS poorly-controlled group is higher than that in the ICS well-controlled group. This suggests that an increased leukotriene expression might be associated with poorly-controlled asthma.

Administration, Inhalation ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; administration & dosage ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Glutathione Transferase ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukotriene E4 ; urine ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; blood

The aim of this study was to investigate how the killer immune globulin-like inhibition receptor (KIR) in match with HLA-Cw impacts on NK cell activity. Mononuclear cells were isolated in 20 ml peripheral blood from 27 healthy persons by Ficoll-Hypaque and purified by NK cell isolation kit. Target cells were mononuclear cells isolated from bone marrow of 30 de novo AML patients. The KIR expression were detected by flow cytometry with antibodies against CD158a, CD158b. The 2 ml of peripheral blood from healthy persons and AML patients were collected, the DNA was extracted by using PROTRANS method, the HLA-Cw and KIR gene were detected by PCR-SSP typing with sequence specific primers. The NK cell cytotoxicity against AML cells was determined by MTT after combination of KIR with HLA-Cw gene. The results indicated that the purity of NK cells was (90.8 +/- 6.08)%. The less the KIR/HLA-Cw matched, the more activity was shown in NK cells. When no match of NK cell/target cell (KIR/HLA-Cw) there was, the cytotoxicity was (50.66 +/- 8.40)%, 1 or 2 matches showed cytotoxicity of (38.28 +/- 6.71)% and (19.74 +/- 4.15)% (p < 0.001). Expression level of KIRs on NK cells also was related with cytotoxicity level (p < 0.001). It is concluded that the interaction between inhibitory KIR and HLA ligands, and also expression level of KIRs on NK cells both impact significantly on NK cell function, that the less match of KIR/HLA-Cw, and the less expression of KIRs on NK cells result in the stronger NK cell cytotoxicity.
Adult ; Female ; Genotype ; HLA-C Antigens ; genetics ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Receptors, KIR ; genetics

Objective To investigate the 16S rRNA methylase genes and Aminoglycoside modifying enzymes(AMEs)genes in Enterobacter cloacae isolated from the People's Liberation Army 98th Hospital,Huzhou district,Zhejiang province,China.Methods 40 strains of Enterobacter cloacae were isolated from the inpatients between September,2003 and November,2004.5 kinds of 16S rRNA methylase gene (including armA,rmtA,rmtB,rmtC and rmtD)and 9 kinds of AMEs gene[including aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(3)-Ⅲ,aac(3)-Ⅳ,aac(6')-Ⅰ b,aac(6')-Ⅱ,ant(3'')-Ⅰ,ant(2'')-Ⅰ and aph(3')-Ⅵ]were analyzed by PCR and verificated by DNA sequencing.Results In 40 strains of Enterobacter cloacae,the positive rates of genes of rmtB,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6')-Ⅰ b,ant(3'')-Ⅰ,ant(2'')-Ⅰ and aph(3')-Ⅵ were 12.5%(5/40),27.5%(11/40),72.5%(29/40),32.5%(13/40),5.0%(2/40)and 5.0%(2/40),respectively.8 kinds of the rest of genes were all tested negative.The total positive rate of AMEs gene was 85.0%(34/40).Among 29 strains of Enterobacter cloacae that the aac(6')-Ⅰ b gene was positive,through PCR and verification by DNA sequencing,7 strains(24.1%)were confirmed to take the aac(6')-Ⅰ b-cr(the GenBank register number:EF375620,EU159121)alone,18 strains(62.1%)were confirmed to take the aac(6')-Ⅰ b-Suzhou(EU085533)alone,3 strains(10.3%)were confirmed to take both aac (6')-Ⅰ b-Suzhou and aac(6')-Ⅰ b-cr while only 1(3.4%)was aac(6')-Ⅰ b(the classical type).Conclusion There was lower positive rate of 16S rRNA methylase gene but very high AMEs genotypes in Enterobacter cloacae isolated from inpatients and the finding of rmtB gene was reported for the first time in the world.At least 5 kinds of AMEs gene existed in Enterobacter cloacae were isolated and they were the new host of both gene of aac(6')-Ⅰ b-cr and aac(6')-Ⅰ b-Suzhou,with aac(6')-Ⅰ b-Suzhou gene was the predominance subtype in aac(6')-Ⅰ b.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important global public health concern and a major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Many studies have shown that different genotypes and subtypes have significant differences in pathogenicity, thus affecting the disease progression and prognosis of infected individuals. So far, a total of 10 HBV genotypes and more than 40 subtypes have been reported across the world, and these subtypes have shown distinct distribution characteristics. In the present review, we systematically summarized the current situation on the global distribution of HBV genotypes.