OBJECTIVETo explore optimal choice of surgical treatment for subtrochanteric fractures in older children.

METHODSA retrospective study of 36 older children with subtrochanteric fractures was performed between January 2010 and January 2012. Among them, 18 patients (11 males and 7 females) aged from 7 to 13 years old with an average of 9.4 were treated with titanic elastic nail (TEN) fixation, 4 cases were Type II A, 3 cases were II B, 2 cases were II C, 4 cases were III A, 3 cases were III B according to Seinsheimer classification. Eighteen patients (10 males and 8 females) aged was from 8 to 13 years with an average of 9.6 were treated with locking compression pine (LCP) fixation, and 3 cases were Type II A, 4 cases were II B, 3 cases were II C, 4 cases were IIIA, 2 cases were III B. Fracture healing time, postoperative complications (including wound infection, failure and breakage of internal fixtion, deformities of angular on the sagittal view, deformities of coxa vara) and recovery of hip joint function were observed and recorded.

RESULTSAll children were followed up from 15 to 36 months with an average of 21. Fracture were all healed, the time ranged from 7 to 16 weeks (mean 9.5). Three cases in TEN group occurred mild deformities of angular on the sagittal view, 3 cases occurred deformities of coxa vara and 2 cases occurred limb shortening; while 1 case occurred mild deformities of angular on the sagittal view, and no deformities of coxa vara and limb shortening occurred in LCP group. No early close of epiphyseal injury, avascular necrosis of femoral head occurred. Clinical efficacy were evaluated by Sanders standard, 14 cases got excellent results, 3 cases were moderate in LCP group, while 9 cases in excellent, 4 in moderate in TEN group. There were no significant differences between two group in recovery of hip joint function and complications.

CONCLUSIONFor the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures in older children,the efficacy of LCP fixation is better than that of TFN fixation, which has advantages of reliable fixation, and less complications.

Adolescent ; Bone Nails ; Child ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical outcomes of posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type through posterioromedial and posteriorlateral incision.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to January 2011,25 patients with posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type were treated by hollow lag screw. Among them, 15 patients were treated through posteromedial incision,including 9 males and 6 females,aged from 21 to 67 years old with an average of 48.1 +/- 1.3; there were 5 cases with type A, 6 cases with type B and 4 cases with type C,according to Denis-Weber classification. Ten patients were treated by through posterior-lateral incision,including 6 males and 4 females, aged from 23 to 64 years old with an average of 46.9 +/- 1.5; there were 3 cases with type A, 5 cases with type B and 2 cases with type C,according to Denis-Weber classification. Operation time, blood loss, length of incision, times of X-ray exposure and complications of two groups were recorded and compared, Baird-Jackson effective evaluation were applied for evaluate clinical outcomes.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 49 months with an average of 20.6 months. There were significant differences in operation time, blood loss, times of X-ray exposure and complications between two group (P < 0.05). While there was no obvious meaning in clinical outcomes between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreating posterior malleolar fractures with medial-extension type through posteromedial approach can expose and fix fracture under direct vision, has advantages of shorter operation time, less X-ray exposure and blood loss, is a good choice of surgical approach.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Fractures ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Tarsal Bones ; injuries ; surgery

Adult ; Antilymphocyte Serum ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; methods ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods ; Vidarabine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

Objective To explore the characteristics of bone mineral density (BMD) and the incidence of osteoporosis in partial androgen deficiency in aging male (PADAM) patients.Methods Fifty-six PADAM patients (PADAM group) and 51 healthy persons (control group) were selected according to their age and body mass index (BMI),and measured their BMD in the second to fourth lumber and the neck of femur with the dual-energy C X-ray BMD measuring instrument.MES-01S20 muscle function analyzer was used to determinate the distribution and mechanical properties of muscle.The biochemical and bone metabolic markers and sexual hormones were collected and observed by multivariate stepwise regression analysis.Results Compared with control group,BMD significantly decreased in the Ward triangle,femoral neck and big rotor (P ＜ 0.01 ) and no significant change in lumbar in PADAM group (P ＞ 0.05 ),and the fracture strength of femoral neck (FS) and the lower-limb muscular strength (MS) also significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01 ).The incidence of osteopenia were 48.2% (27/56) and 35.3% ( 18/51 ),osteoporosis were 30.4% (17/56) and 21.6% ( 11/51 ) respectively in PADAM group and control group.There was significant difference between two groups (P＜0.05).The BMD was positively correlated to BMI at the first to fourth lumber and negatively correlated to age,positively correlated to BMI and serum level of andrusol at the proximal left femur in the patients with PADAM.Conclusion BMD and the resistance to fracture aresignificantly lower in PADAM patients,and aging lower BMI and androgen deficiency are the risk factors of low BMD in PADAM patients.There is the potential of osteoporotic fracture risk,and it is important to strengthening the prevention and treatment of fractures in elderly PADAM patients.

Electronic case report forms (eCRFs) instead of the traditional paper case report forms (pCRFs) are increasingly used by investigators and sponsors of clinical research. We include a total of 14 phase III studies (8 pCRF, 6 eCRF) to compare paper and electronic data documentation both quantitatively and qualitatively in clinical studies. The result suggests that adaptions of electronic data capture (EDC) in clinical trials have the advantages in optimization of data capture process, improvement of data quality and earlier clinical decision compared to paper-based methods. Furthermore, the successful implementation of EDC requires accouplements with corresponding data management processes and reallocation of resources.
Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Data Collection ; methods ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods ; Medical Informatics

To obtain ginsenoside Rg1 molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) separating materials with high selectivity, enrichment and adsorption performance through directional separation of ginsenoside Rg1 and analogues. In this study, MIPs were respectively prepared by precipitation polymerization and surface imprinted polymerization. Their adsorption performances were compared. The results showed that ginsenoside Rg1 MIPs prepared by the above two methods had a high adsorption performance to template molecules, with the maximum apparent adsorbing capacity of up to 27.74, 46. 80 mg x g(-1), respectively. Moreover, MIPs prepared by surface imprinted polymerization showed higher adsorption capacity than that by precipitation polymerization. The experimental results indicated that as for ginsenoside Rg1 with higher polarity, MIPs prepared by surface imprinted polymerization showed higher selectivity and adsorption performance, which provides provide important reference for preparing imprinted polymers with good adsorption performance with active molecules with strong polarity.
Adsorption ; Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Chemical Precipitation ; Ginsenosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Imprinting ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; chemical synthesis

Osteoarthritis (Osteoarthritis, OA) is a common clinical degenerative joint disease with increased incidence rate in recent years. Animal experiment is one of the important ways to explore pathogenesis and treatment of OA, while induced animal model is the most important part in animal experiment. Intra-articular injection of drugs is a classical method for establishing animal model of OA. Choose of animal should follows the principle of correlation, appropriateness and practicability, injections should perform in accordance with experimental purposes and subject, detections means and evaluation methods also should corresponding to experimental reality. The gold standard of OA animal model and intra-articular injections has not build, need further study.
Animals ; Cytokines ; analysis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Mice ; Osteoarthritis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; immunology ; Rabbits ; Rats

Acupuncture and moxibustion sciences have a long history, and their unique discipline language and theoretical system determine the obvious differences between acup-moxibustion sciences and modern natural sciences in the nomenclature. Their inheritance and development of several thousand years make the complicated nomenclature of acupuncture and moxibustion more confusing, unclear classification, unclear definition. Therefore, establishment of a unified and standard acupuncture and moxibustion nomenclature system is not only an important premise and basis for standardization, modernization, internationalization and information construction of acupuncture and moxibustion sciences, and also is an important composition of whole TCM standardization. The present paper preliminarily probe the necessity, basic principle, train of thought and relative problems, etc. in the studies of standardization of the nomenclature of acupuncture and moxibustion sciences.
Acupuncture ; Moxibustion ; Terminology as Topic

OBJECTIVETo search for a therapy of increasing clinical therapeutic effect on simple obesity with stomach and intestine excess-heat.

METHODSEighty-two cases of simple obesity with stomach and intestine excess-heat were randomly divided into group A (n=40) and group B (n=42). They were treated with electroacupuncture (EA), movable cupping plus acupoint catgut embedding, and simple EA, respectively. EA at Zhongwan (CV 12), Xiawan (CV 10) and Qihai (CV 6) were given in the two groups. And in the group A, acupoint catgut embedding and movable cupping at the Channels CV, GV, SP, ST and UB were added. The therapeutic effect, main symptoms, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and WHR were investigated.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 90.0% in the group A, significantly better than 78.6% in the group B (P< 0. 01), with significant differences in decrease of body weight, BMI, WC, HC and main symptoms between the two groups (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture, cupping plus acupoint catgut embedding therapy can increase therapeutic effect on simple obesity of stomach and intestine excess-heat type, and it is a better method for treatment of this disease.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Catgut ; Electroacupuncture ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Intestines ; Obesity ; therapy ; Stomach

OBJECTIVETo compared the effect between early anatomical open reduction, internal fixation (ORIF) and closed reduction, internal fixation (CRIF) for treatment of children displaced femoral neck fracture.

METHODSFrom March 2006 to May 2010,34 children with displaced femoral neck fractures were reviewed retrospectively. These patients were divided into two groups. Among them, 19 cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) as group A, included 11 males and 8 females with an average age of (8.1 +/- 1.3), the other 15 cases were treated by closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) as group B, included 9 males and 6 females with an average age of (7.9 +/- 1.5). Complications were observed and the short term effectiveness was evaluated by Ratliff standard.

RESULTSAll children were followed-up from 1 to 3 years (means 1.2 years). All fractures were healed. There was statistical different in the curative effects between the two groups (Z=2.389, P= 0.017). The incidence of complications in two groups had statistical different (P=0.046).

CONCLUSIONThe early ORIF could get better reduction with fewer complications than CRIF in fractures of the displaced femoral neck in children in Delbet type-II and type-III, therefore, ORIF should be considered.

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome