Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Temporal Bone ; injuries ; surgery ; Temporomandibular Joint ; surgery

Humans ; Polysomnography ; methods ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis

Endoscopy ; Humans ; Skull Base ; anatomy & histology ; surgery

Objective To compare the outcomes of powered-assisted septoplasty with CO_ 2 laser-assisted septoplasty. Methods Thitry patients with limited deviation of nasal septum were analyzed retrospectively. Among 30 patients, 18 underwent powered-assisted septoplasty and the rest underwent CO_ 2 laser-assisted septoplasty. The surgical results were assessed by the visual analogue scale (VSA) and acoustic rhinometry. Results VSA scores significantly improved in both groups after surgery (P

40/h) and non-severe group(n=15,AHI 5-40/h).Anthropometric measurements,fasting plasma glucose,insulin,blood fat,and CT quantitative measurement of abdominal adipose tissue were recorded. Results Insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) in patients with OSAS was related to hypoxia independently of obesity variables.The severe group was characterized by more serious metabolic disorders and higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome than the non-severe group.OSAS was positively associated with an increased metabolic disorders risk for the severe group versus the non-severe group(OR=8.8).Using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis,waist circumference had the greatest areas under the ROC curves compared with body mass index and neck circumference.The results of multiple stepwise regression of lowest pulse oxygen saturation(LSpO2)during overnight sleep indicated that neck circumference followed by epworth sleepiness score(ESS) entered the equation(P

Craniocerebral Trauma ; Earthquakes ; Head ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility to evaluate objectively auditory temporal resolution using the iso-modulation depth temporal modulation transfer function (TMTF) derived from the amplitude of evoked response to sinusoidally modulated signals.

METHODSChronic electrodes were implanted in inferior colliculus and auditory cortex of guinea pigs. We recorded the evoked response to sinusoidally modulated tones with modulation frequency being varied from 20 to 400 Hz and modulation depth fixed at 100%. The response amplitude in uV was converted into relative amplitude using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) function provided by Biosig software, and then the iso-modulation depth TMTF was plotted with the relative amplitude changed with modulation frequency. Then we recorded the evoked response to the sinusoidally modulated tones with modulation depth being varied from 100% to 10% and derived the iso-amplitude TMTF comparable to conventional modulation depth threshold TMTF. The derived iso-amplitude TMTF was compared to iso-modulation depth TMTF to determine the validity of iso-modulation depth TMTF.

RESULTSThe iso-modulation-depth TMTF and iso-amplitude TMTF in inferior colliculus and auditory cortex of guinea pigs represented respectively bandpass and lowpass characteristic. The cut-off frequency calculated from the two TMTF methods didn't differ significantly and the cut-off frequency derived from auditory cortex iso-modulation depth TMTF was consistent with behavioral results.

CONCLUSIONSThe TMTF plotted with the response amplitude to sinusoidally modulated tones with the modulation depth fixed at 100% and the modulation frequency was a valid method to evaluate objectively auditory temporal resolution.

Animals ; Auditory Cortex ; physiology ; Electrodes ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; physiology ; Fourier Analysis ; Guinea Pigs ; Inferior Colliculi ; physiology ; Reaction Time

Objective To constitute the animal model of high frequency hearing loss and observer the temporal processing abilities of low frequency regions using prepulse inhibition of auditory startle response (gap-PPI).Methods Ten guinea pigs were randomly grouped into two groups: the high frequency hearing loss group with six guinea pigs and the control group with four guinea pigs.The former group was exposed to 12 kHz tone at 110 dB SPL for 30 hours to establish the high frequency hearing loss above 8 kHz and the latter group received no stimuations.Before and two,four,six and eight weeks after noise exposure,gapPPI and auditory brainstem response (ABR) were recorded in both groups.In the gap-PPI experiment,three different background noises as 0.5-2 kHz,0.5-4 kHz and 0.5-8 kHz were applied to test the temporal gap.Results High frequency hearing loss above 8 kHz was shown two weeks after noise exposure.The averaged ABR thresholds of 16 kHz,32 kHz and 48 kHz were elevated about 55 dB and shown statistical significance compared to those before exposure (P ＜ 0.05＝.No significant difference of ABR thresholds were shown between 1 kHz,2 kHz,4 kHz and 8kHz before and after noise exposure(P ＞0.05).In the control group,the ABR thresholds remained stable during experiment.In the gap-PPI test,two weeks after noise exposure of 8 kHz,the experiment group showed attenuated inhibition ability and recovered gradually four weeks after noise exposure.No statistical differences of inhibition ability at time points of two,four,six and eight weeks after noise exposure of 4 kHz were detected when compared with that of pre-exposure.Under the background noise of 2 kHz,the inhibition ability attenuated and reached statistical significance at 6-8 weeks after noise exposure.Conclusion The high frequency hearing loss might induce an impairment of the temporal processing in the low frequency region.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Feiyangqin Rectum Condensed Liquid (FRCL) in treating children syncytial viral pneumonia. Methods Seventy-two patients were randomly divided into two groups, the 36 patients in the treated group were treated with FRCL, and the other 36 patients in the control group simply treated with Western medicine. Efficacy of treatment on clinical condition and some immune function (IgA, IgG, CD3, CD4) were observed.

RESULTSIn the treated group, 28 patients were cured (77.8%), treatment was markedly effective in 4 patients (11.1%), effective in 2 (5.5%) and ineffective in 2 (5.6%), with the total effective rate of 94.4%. The corresponding number in the control group was 20 (55.6%), 7 (19.4%), 6 (16.7%), 3 (8.3%) and 91.7%, respectively. The cure rate in the treated group was obviously superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). FRCL could improve serum IgA, IgG, CD3, CD4, and CD4/CD8, lower serum IgE, these indexes in the treated group were significantly different to those in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFRCL had the action in treating children syncytial viral pneumonia without any adverse reaction, one of its mechanisms might be related to its regulation on immune function.

Administration, Rectal ; Anti-Infective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methods of preoperative diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid.

METHODSThe temporal bone lamellar CT findings in 106 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (including cholesteatoma) were retrospectively analyzed. The CT value of pathological tissue were measured for 183 times and were compared with the surgical findings and postoperative pathological findings to definitude the CT value range of different pathological tissue. Sixty patients taken from 106 patients at random were analyzed and made the diagnosis again by the same doctor team according to the CT value of the different pathological tissue and surrounding histoclasia resulted by pathological tissue. The diagnose accordance rate was compared with the routine diagnose report from radiology department. The predetective diagnosis was made in 10 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media according to clinical manifestation (pathological changes of tympanic membrane, nature of otorrhea, character of hearing), temporal bone lamellar CT finding (CT value of pathological tissue, surrounding histoclasia) to validate the value of this study for preoperative diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid.

RESULTSThe CT value of cholesteatoma, granulation tissue, cholesteatoma combined with granulation tissue, effusion, calcified tissue, thickened and polypoid membrane was respectively (46.6 +/- 10.3) Hu, (26.6 +/-7.4) Hu, (42.1 +/- 11.4) Hu, (- 24.6 +/- 9.2) Hu, (223.6 +/- 63.7) Hu, (23.8 +/- 8.5) Hu. The diagnose accordance rate in 60 patients who were analyzed and made diagnosis again according to the CT value of the different pathological tissue and surrounding histoclasia resulted by pathological tissue raised from 68. 3% to 81.7% ( P < 0.05) . The predetective diagnose accordance rate reached at 90% according to clinical manifestation, temporal bone lamellar CT.

CONCLUSIONSIt was not reliable to diagnose and differentially diagnose different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid only by the CT value, however, the CT value could still be considered to be a very significant information. The accurate rates of diagnosis and differentiation of different pathological tissue in middle ear and mastoid obviously raised by synthetically analyzing various kinds of pathological tissues in middle ear and mastoid according to clinical manifestation, temporal bone lamellar CT finding.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mastoid ; diagnostic imaging ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult